2023-2024学年度外研版选择性必修四Unit 6 Space and beyond课时作业.docx

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1、2023-2024学年度外研版选择性必修四Unit 6 Space and beyond课时作业课时作业（一）主题阅读集群训练（限时40分钟）I .阅读理解AMars, the distant red planet, carries China，s great dream in spaceflight as well as the numerous puzzles of curious people: Why do humans explore Mars? Will humans really emigrate to Mars? What will the everyday life be l

2、ike on Mars if humans really live there? Shanghai Astronomy launched its original situational exhibition “Living on Mars” 一 to reveal the secrets of Mars and solve visitors puzzles about the life on Mars.Time: October 15, 2023 to March 2, 2024 （closed on Mondays, except national holidays）Location: B

3、l Temporary Exhibition HallHIGHLIGHTS OF THE EXHIBITIONFully situational display In the exhibition there are artistic installations and scenes created against Martian landscapes, such as the famous Martian sandstorm, Olympus Mons, and Valles Marineris. Visitors can get a glimpse of the beauty of Mar

4、s. The amazing blue sunset on Mars, in particular, is indeed a feast for eyes. The area where a giant astronaut model floating in the air greets visitorsMars Convenience StoreRows of shelves in the store allow visitors to have a direct knowledge of what animals and plants can live on Mars and even g

5、et a receipt with scientific knowledge printed on it. There is also an area of imported food” in the store where visitors can not only “purchase” the spicy diced chicken with peanuts, chocolate, and ice cream eaten by astronauts but also see the解析：选 D 结合本句中 “if we can change the lens, believe me we

6、can change every single educational and business” 可知，如果我们可以换一副 镜片，我们就可以改变每一个教育和商业结果（outcome）。课时作业（二）主题表达升格训练（限时40分钟）I.根据要求完成下列句子1 .（完成句子）By the time you receiv? this letter （到你收到这封信的 时候）， I will have left this city for my hometown.2 （完成句 子）I dont think some people are really aware of the dangers （真正

7、意识至U危险）while travelling alone.3 .（完成句子）Reading is believed to jncrease our knowledge （被认为 能增加我们的知识）and broaden our minds.4 .（完成句子）The girl replaced her brother ay 旦 volunteer （代替她的 哥哥成为一名志愿者）to serve the sports event.5 （完 成 句 子）It is important for youto submit your articl殳 before_ 28th, June （在 6 月

8、28 日前提交你的文章）.6 .（同义转换）The key to success without doubt lies in hard work.fThere is no doubt that the key to success lies in hard work.7 .（一句多译）通常是老年人第一个品尝端上餐桌的食物。 Itistheelderlywhoareusuallythefirstwho will taste the food served on th? table.（定语从句） Itistheelderlywhoareusuallythefirstto taste the foo

9、d served on the table.（不定式短语作定语）8. Keeping a learning diary every day is so important that I would like to introduce it to you.（用倒装句升级）-So important ikeeping learning diary every day that I would like to introduce it to you.n.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整 的短文。Once upon a time, two brothers w

10、ho lived on neighbouring farms fell into conflict. It was the first serious disagreement in forty years of farming side by side, sharing machinery, and trading labour and goods as needed without a hitch. Then the long cooperation fell apart. It began with a small misunderstanding and then grew into

11、a major difference, and finally it exploded into an exchange of bitter words followed by weeks of silence.One morning, there was a knock on Johns door. He opened it to find a man with a carpenter，s toolbox. Im looking for a few days， work,“ he said. Perhaps you have a few jobs here and there. Could

12、I help you? ” “Yes, ” said John. I do have a job for you. Look across the small creek at that farm. Thats my neighbor. In fact, its my younger brother. Last week there was a meadow between us and he took his bulldozer （推土机）there and now there is a creek between us. Well, he may have done this to ann

13、oy me but I5 11 do better. See that pile of wood by the barn （谷仓）？ I want you to build a fence an 8 foot- high fence so I wont need to see his place anymore. ”The carpenter said, “I think I understand the situation. Show me the nails and hole -digger and I 11 be able to do a job that pleases you.” T

14、he older brother had to go to the town for supplies, so he helped the carpenter get everything ready and then he left.The carpenter worked hard all that day measuring, sawing and nailing. At sunset when John returned, the carpenter had just finished his job. John5 s eyes opened wide, his jaw dropped

15、.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式作答。Paragraph 1：There was no fence at all. It was a bridge!Paragraph 2：They turned to see the carpen ter lift the toolbox onto his shoulder.参考范文：Paragraph 1：There was no fence at all. It was a bridge! A bridge stretched from one side of the creek to the other! John was abou

16、t to complain about everything when he found the neighbor, his young brother, was coming across the bridge, his hands outstretched. You are quite a fellow to build this bridge after all I have said and done,“ said Johns brother. The two brothers met in the middle, taking each others hand and hugging

17、 each other.Paragraph 2：They turned to see the carpen ter lift the toolbox onto his shoulder. “No, wait! Stay a few more days. We have more jobs for you, “ said the older brother. Id love to stay on, “ the carpenter said. But I have many more bridges to build. Observing the carpenter leaving, the tw

18、o brothers waved grateful goodbye to him. What a thoughtprovoking story! Every day we have the choice of building a fence or a bridge. One leads to separation and anger while the other leads to openness and friendship.has become a popular checkin spot.astronauts， food of different times and packaged

19、 in different shapes, such as a toothpaste tube and a can.Mars FarmWhat plants can grow on Mars? Why adopts such a model? The unique u store in the front and farm at the back“ model of “Mars Convenience Store” allows visitors to visually see what to eat on Mars and learn how the food is produced.Hou

20、sing on MarsWhat would the house look like if we live on Mars? How can we get water and oxygen? Why does it take 45 minutes for you to receive an answer to a question you asked when you make a call to Earth from Mars? Come to the Mars Base to find the answers.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了上海天文馆的原创情景化展览“火星 生活”的时间

21、、地点、亮点等参展信息。1. Which feature of the exhibition appeals most to a visitor who is interested in the astronauts diet?A. Mars Convenience Store.B. Fully situational display.C. Mars Farm.D. Housing on Mars.解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据 Mars Convenience Store 的 “There is also an area.tube and a can. ”可知,在火星便利店游客们可以看到宇航

22、员在不 同时期所食用的食品，即宇航员的日常饮食可以在火星便利店里了解到。2. Which of the following statements can be concluded from the passage?A. The exhibition offers visitors an immersive （沉浸式）experience of life in space.B. The exhibition features a combination of scientific knowledge and artistic display.C. Visitors can have a tast

23、e of humans future life on Mars in thispermanent exhibition.D. Visitors can experience life on Mars in the aspect of food, housing and transportation.解析：选B推理判断题。根据Fully situational display的第一句可知， 该展览设有艺术陈列供人欣赏；根据Mars Convenience Store的第一句可知，该 展览可以让游客了解科学知识。由此可知，“火星生活”展览是艺术展示与科学知 识的结合。3. Where can th

24、is passage most probably be found?A. In a travel brochure.B. In a science magazine.C. On an art show poster.D. On a museum website.解析：选D 文章出处题。根据第一段的“Shanghai Astronomy launched its original situational exhibition Living on Mars to reveal the secrets of Mars and solve visitors puzzles about the life

25、 on Mars.”以及后面出 现的 “Time” “Location” 和 “HIGHLIGHTS OF THE EXHIBITION可知,本文主要 介绍的是“火星生活”情景化展览的信息，所以最有可能出现在博物馆的网站上。B（2023 重庆高三模拟）Chinese space scientists have announced new discoveries made by Yutu -2, the first robot rover ever to explore the far side of the Moon, which permanently faces away from the

26、 Earth.Commanding a rover on the Moon，s far side presents big challenges: the Earth is always out of sight, so radio commands and data have to be bounced back and forth using a special relay satellite orbiting in space beyond the Moon. The rover relies on solar power, so it has to shut down most of

27、its operations for two weeks of every month during a long period of lunar night. Since rolling onto the Moon from its Change5 s 4 lander in January 2019, Yutu 2 has been operating on the Moon for more than three years, making it the longest ever mission to explore the lunar surface.One of the rovers

28、 main findings is that the soil on the far side of the Moon is a lot stickier than on the near side 一 so its more likely to stick in Yutu-2s wheels. Thats because on the far side rocks have had more continuous attacks from tiny bits of space dust that heat the rocks in the soil and make them stick t

29、ogether in pointed shapes.Yutu -2s journey through the lunar landscape is very slow 一 so far it has covered just over 1, 000 metres in three years. Along the way to either side of its path, it has spotted 88 small bowl shaped craters （坑）, Scientists think these are secondary impact craters, formed w

30、hen bits of rocks were thrown out by a much bigger impact. A far larger one, called Zhinyu, was created when a big space rock hit the Moon.As Yutu2 continues to explore its surroundings, researchers are excited about what else it might discover. Sara Russell from Londons Natural History Museum told

31、New Scientist magazine, Its like this whole new world to explore. We really have a lot to find out about the far side of the Moon; its really exciting. ”语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了玉兔二号在月球上的一些 新发现。4. What can we learn about Yutu 2?A. It is a robot rover to explore the near side of the Moon.B. It is comple

32、tely shut down for two weeks of every month.C. It has been on the longest ever mission to explore the lunar surface.D. Its easy to control on the Moon as the Earth is always out of sight.解析：选c 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，玉兔二号执行了迄今 为止探索月球表面时间最长的任务。5. What made the soil on the far side of the Moon much stickier

33、?A. Materials of the wheel.B. Rocks in pointed shapes.C. Attacks from space dust.D. Hits from big space rocks.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，来自太空尘埃的持续 攻击使月球远地面的土壤比近地面粘得多。6. What does the underlined word “one in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Rock.B. Crater.C. Hill.D. Path.解析：选B 代词指代题。根据前文“Scientists think the

34、se are secondary impact craters, formed when bits of rocks were thrown out by a much bigger impact. ” 及本句中的 “when a big space rock hit the Moon” 可知，当一块巨 大的太空岩石撞击月球时，会形成更大的陨石坑。由此可知，画线词one指的是 cratero7. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Change -4, a Moon LanderB. Chang5 e - 4s Findings on th

35、e MoonC. Yutu 2, the First Robot Rover on the MoonD. Yutu -2s Exploration of the Moon，s Far Side解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Chinese space scientists have announced new discoveries made by Yutu 2” 及最后一段第一句可知，本篇文 章主要讲述玉兔二号在月球上的一些发现。由此可知，D项适合作本文标题。II.阅读七选五Over the next 50 years, we are going to send more and be

36、tter robots to Mars.8 There is a limit to what robots can tell us, though, so eventually we will have to send people to study the planet.Before people can visit Mars, we need to invent a spaceship that can take us there. 9 Depending on where Mars and Earth are in their orbits around the sun, it coul

37、d take between six months to a year to get there.The moon is much closer, and we were there more than 40 years ago. Over the next 10 years, we are going to work on building a new spacecraft. 10Once we return to the moon, we are going to build a station so that people can live and work on the moon fo

38、r months at a time. This is important so that we have a place to start from when we want to visit Mars.11By the time you are old enough to be an astronaut, we will have people spending months on the moon. By the time you are old enough to be a commander of a space mission, we will be taking trips to

39、 Mars. By the time your kids are old enough to be astronauts, we may have people living on Mars. Wouldn5 t it be cool to get a postcard from someone who was building a house on Mars?12A. Mars is very far away.B. People will go to live on Mars one day.C. Wouldn，t it be cooler if it was you who sent t

40、he postcard?D. Using this craft, we will practice the skills we need to go to Mars.E. Those robots will send back better pictures, maps, and weather reports.F. It would be possible for us to go to Mars in a spacecraft in the near future.G. However, it is also important because it gives us practice w

41、ith living away from Earth.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在探索火星的过程中，由于机器人本身所限, 它们无法告诉人们想知道的一切，因此最终将会有人类登上火星并对它进行研究。8 .选E根据上文可知，我们将向火星发射更多更好的机器人，由此可判断, E项”这些机器人将传回更好的图片、地图和天气报告”与上文衔接自然，并引 出下文。9 .选A根据下文可知，到火星可能需要六个月到一年的时间，由此可判断, 这里谈的是地球到火星的距离，所以A项“火星非常远”符合语境。10 .选D根据上文的 “we are going to work on building a new spacecra

42、ft 可知，D项中的“Using this craft . v与上文语意顺承。11 .选 G 上文提到This is important G 项中的 “However, it is also important . . . 与上文结构一致，语意递进。12 .选C根据空前一句,尤其是关键词“postcard句ool”可知,C项“如 果发贺卡的人是你那不是更酷吗？ ”与上文结构一致，语意递进。III.完形填空（2023 黄冈高三模拟）When I was seven years old and my sister Amy was just five years old, we were playi

43、ng on top of a bunk bed. I thought without help or any 13 from me at all, suddenly Amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and 14 with a crash on the floor. I nervously peered over the side of the bed and saw that she had landed 15 on her hands and knees on the ground. I was nervous because m

44、y parents had W me with making sure that we played as 17 as possible. I saw my sisters painful face threatening to 18 from her mouth and threatening to wake up my parents. So I did the only thing my little seven year old 19 could think to do to change this 20 . I said, “Amy, Amy, wait. Dont cry . .

45、. No human lands on all fours like that. Amy, I think this means you re a unicorn （独角兽）. 21 , that was cheating, but there was nothing in the world my sister would want more than the unicorn. Instead of crying, instead of 22 our play, with all the negative consequences that would have waited for me,

46、 a smile 23 across her face. She climbed onto the bunk bed again with all the grace of a baby unicorn, with one 24 leg.What we 25unconsciously at that tender age is something called positive psychology. Its not necessarily the reality that shapes us, but the lens （棱镜）through which your brain 26 the

47、world that shapes your reality. And if we can change the lens, believe me we can change every single educational and business 27 at the same time.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。小时候，“我”和妹妹玩耍的过程中，妹 妹从床上掉了下来，而“我”编造了一个谎言改变了事情的结局。通过这件事情, “我”联想到了用积极的心理看待世界的重要性。13. A.hugB. dragC. riskD. push解析：选 D 根据下文 usuddenly Amy disa

48、ppeared off of the top of the bunkbed ”可知，从作者角度来看，他觉得妹妹不知道怎么会掉下床，他觉得自 己没有推（push）妹妹。14. A.perceivedB. completedC. landedD. exploded解析:选 C 根据后文“with a crash on the floor及saw that she had landed ”可知，妹妹从床上跌落（landed）在地上。下句中landed是提示。15. A. crazilyB. painfullyC. happilyD. widely解析：选B 根据常识和后文中的I saw my sisters painful face”可 以看出妹妹从床上跌落是非常痛的（painfully）。16. A.providedB. awardedC. sharedD. charged解析：选D根据上文得知，“我”是哥哥，所以父母让“我”照顾好妹妹。 “我”很紧张，因为父母已经叮嘱过“我，一定要保证妹妹和“我”玩耍的时候 的安全。charge ”赋予职责（或任务）17. A. safelyB.warmly