专题二 代词（课件）-2022年中考英语语法知识点大全.ppt

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1、备战备战2022中考英语语法专题过关中考英语语法专题过关 专题二专题二 代词代词20212021年中考考点真题年中考考点真题1.（长春）（长春）If you borrow books from the library,give _ back on time.2.（兰州）（兰州）The twins were helping _（they）parents make zongzi for the Dragon Boat Festival.3.（盘锦）（盘锦）These gloves belong to me._(she)are on the sofa.4.（云南）（云南）Children must

2、learn how to protect _（they）in an earthquake.their考点考点1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 themHersthemselves20212021年中考考点真题年中考考点真题5.(武汉武汉)There are mainly six kinds of tea in China.Which is your favorite？Green tea,I guess.Ive tried black tea,green tea and so on,and _ of them have their special tastes.A.

3、all B.both C.noneD.neither6.(无锡无锡)一一Can I ask you one question？And only one.一一Sure._.A.SomethingB.Anything C.Someone D.Anyone B考点考点2：不定代词：不定代词A20212021年中考考点真题年中考考点真题7.(武汉武汉)How cold here!Yes.The weather in Guangyuan is much colder than _ in your hometown.A.thatB.it C.thisD.those8.(镇江镇江)When will Mr

4、Liu come back to Zhenjiang?Sorry,I dont know _.A.how long he will stay in XinjiangB.how he went to XinjiangC.how soon will he be back from XinjiangD.why he is going to XinjiangA考点考点3：指示代词：指示代词A考点考点4：疑问代词：疑问代词20212021年中考考点真题年中考考点真题9.(营口营口)We find _ more useful for students to do new eye exercises.A.i

5、t B.thisC.oneD.that 考点考点5：it的特殊用法的特殊用法A代词代词人称代词人称代词I,we,you,he,she,it,they主格主格宾格宾格me,us,you,him,her,it,them物主代词物主代词my,our,your,his,her,its,their形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词mine,ours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs名词词性物主代词名词词性物主代词反身代词反身代词第一人称第一人称第二人称第二人称第三人称第三人称myself,ourselvesyourself,yourselveshimself,herself,itself

6、,themselves 图 解 语 法代词代词指示代词指示代词this,these近指近指远指远指that,thoseit的特殊用法的特殊用法不定代词不定代词普通不定代词普通不定代词both,all,some,either等等复合不定代词复合不定代词指人指人:body类类;one类类指物指物:thing类类疑问代词疑问代词提问人提问人who,whom,whose提问物提问物what,which 图 解 语 法人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表 类别类别人称人称人称代词人称代词物主代词物主代词反身代词反身代词主格主格宾格宾格形容词性形容词性名词性名词性第一第一人

7、称人称单数单数_复数复数_第二第二人称人称单数单数_复数复数_第三第三人称人称单数单数 hehe_sheshe_itit_复数复数_ I me myminemyselfwe us ouroursourselves考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词you you youryours yourselfyouyou youryoursyourselves him hishishimself her herhersherself it itsitsitself theythemtheirtheirsthemselves 1.人称代词的人称代词的主格主格在句中作主

8、语，用在在句中作主语，用在动词之前动词之前；宾格宾格在句中作宾语，在句中作宾语，动词或介词之后动词或介词之后，也可作表语，用在系，也可作表语，用在系动词之后。动词之后。1.We listen to music at lunchtime.2.His mother kisses him goodbye every morning when she leaves for work.3.Remember to give it back to him.考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词人称代词的用法人称代词的用法2.物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。物

9、主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。.形容词性形容词性物主代词在句子作物主代词在句子作定语定语，修饰名词。，修饰名词。Here are two nice photos of my family.名词性名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，可以作物主代词具有名词的特征，可以作主语、宾主语、宾语和表语语和表语，其后不能跟名词。，其后不能跟名词。That black bag is hers.Remember to give it back to her.考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词物主代词的用法物主代词的用法(1)名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词。名词

10、性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词。They may be her keys.She is finding them.The lost keys may be hers.She is finding them.(2)当表示强调时，当表示强调时，形容词性形容词性物主代词可与物主代词可与own连用，意连用，意为为“某人自己的某人自己的”。如：。如：my own room。物主代词的用法强调物主代词的用法强调考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词(1)反身反身代词代词可以在句中作宾语可以在句中作宾语、表语表语、同位语同位语。I hope you can enjoy y

11、ourself on the trip.Im not feeling myself today.Mary herself worked out the problem.反身代词的用法反身代词的用法考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词反身代词的相关短语反身代词的相关短语考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词1.Together the three of _(we)wrapped the dumplings.2.Students are not allowed to use _(they)smart phones in cl

12、ass.Thats a rule.3.Lucy is good at handwriting.Her handwriting is more beautiful than _(I).4.Do exercise properly,Cindy.Or you may hurt _(you).us their mine yourself考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词考点练习考点练习5.This isnt my dictionary._ is over there,on the desk.A.His B.Mine C.Hers D.Yours6.Nancy,c

13、arrots are good for _ eyes.Eat some,please.A.my B.your C.her D.his7.Thanks for inviting _ to dinner,Nancy.I really enjoyed it.A.her B.him C.you D.me8.Did your parents have a good time during the trip to Shibing?Yes.They enjoyed _.A.theyB.themC.theirsD.themselvesB B考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身

14、代词 D D考点练习考点练习 9.Last weekend,my family went to New York on vacation.It was a special holiday for 1._(I)dads 50th birthday.We stayed at a nice hotel called Albentos.We could see lots of famous places from 2._(we)bedroom windows.We did quite a few sightseeing and visited some interesting museums.We w

15、ent to the Statue of Liberty and the Empire State Building.We also watched a show on Broadway of course.My mum said she really enjoyed 3._(she)in the stores.She bought new clothes for all of 4._(we).I also bought some gifts for my cousins.I hoped that they would like them.Besides,I took lots of phot

16、os.I posted 5._(they)on the Internet.Everyone could have a look!All in all,I had a great time in New York.I want to go there again!my our考点考点1 1：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词：人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 herself us them考点练习考点练习1.some与与any：考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词常见易混不定代词辨析常见易混不定代词辨析不定代词不定代词相同点相同点不同点不同点some 既可修既可修饰可数饰可数名词又名词又可修饰可修饰不可数不

17、可数名词。名词。some一般用于肯定句中一般用于肯定句中，也可用在表示请求、也可用在表示请求、建议或说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答或接建议或说话者希望对方给予肯定的回答或接受邀请的疑问句中。受邀请的疑问句中。anyany多用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中，多用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句中，有时也可用于肯定句，表示有时也可用于肯定句，表示“任何一个、任任何一个、任何一些何一些”。2.many/much/(a)few/(a)little考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词常见易混不定代词辨析常见易混不定代词辨析相同的相同的不同的不同的manymuch两者都表示两者都表示“许多许多”。many指可

18、数名词复数指可数名词复数much指不可数名词指不可数名词a few a little两者两者意思意思都都是是“少少量，一些量，一些”，表，表肯定肯定。a few 指代可数名词复数；指代可数名词复数；a little 指代不可数名词指代不可数名词fewlittle两者两者意思意思都都是是“几几乎没有乎没有”，表，表否定否定。few 指代可数名词复数；指代可数名词复数；little 指代不可数名词指代不可数名词考点练习考点练习考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词1.I dont have juice.Would you like to get for me？A.some；some B.any；som

19、e C.some；any D.any；any2.My brother has _ books,but only _ of them are interesting.A.many;a few B.much;few C.many;few D.lots;a few3.When can you finish this job,Lisa?I dont know.Because I still have too _ to do!A.muchB.manyC.everyD.any4.Though she talks _，she has made _friends here A.a little，a few B

20、.little，few C.little，a few D.few，a fewBAAC不定代词不定代词相同点相同点不同点不同点both与与两者两者相关相关指指“两者都两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用，作主语时，谓语动词用复数复数。either指指“两者中的任意一个两者中的任意一个”，作主语时，谓语动，作主语时，谓语动词用词用单数单数。neither指指“两者都不两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数单数。all均用于均用于三者三者或三者或三者以上以上指指“三三者者或或三三者者以以上上都都”，作作主主语语时时，谓谓语语动动词词的单复数受其所修饰的名词的影响的单复数受其所修饰的名词

21、的影响。none指指“三三者者或或三三者者以以上上都都不不/没没有有一一个个”。none of 与与不不可可数数名名词词连连用用时时，谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数；与与可数名词连用时，可数名词连用时，单复数均可单复数均可。3.either/neither/both/all/none考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词1.Which do you like better,Chinese knot or Chinese papercutting？Both.I think _ of them is amazing A.either B.none C.neither D.all2.Which of th

22、e two magazines will you take?I will take _,though I find _ of them are very useful to me.A.all;bothB.either;either C.either;neither D.neither;both3.How many books did you buy yesterday,Tom?Three.I want to know more about 5G technology,so _ are about the latest information of it.A.either B.neither C

23、.both D.all4.I want to buy a fine watch for my father on Fathers Day,but _ is fit for him in the shops nearby.A.nobodyB.noneC.nothingD.no oneAA考点练习考点练习DB词词(组组)含义及用法含义及用法固定搭配固定搭配other形容词形容词,别的别的,修饰名词修饰名词)/the other另一个另一个(特指，特指，两者中两者中的的)one.,the other.一个一个，另一个，另一个another另一个另一个(泛指泛指三者或三者三者或三者以上以上的人或物中的

24、的人或物中的)one another(each other)相互相互others泛指泛指其余的其余的(人或事人或事)，相相当于当于“other+名词复数名词复数”some.,others.(some+othersall)the others特指特指其余的其余的(人或事人或事)some.,the others.(some+others=all)4.other,the other,others,the others与与another考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词常见易混不定代词辨析常见易混不定代词辨析(3)each与与every不定代词不定代词相同点相同点不同点不同点each“each/eve

25、ry名词名词”作作主语时，主语时，谓语动词要谓语动词要用单数形式。用单数形式。用作形容词、用作形容词、代词代词，可单独使用，可单独使用强调个体强调个体指指两者两者或两者以上的或两者以上的“每一个每一个”后可加后可加of短语短语every仅作定语，不可单独使用仅作定语，不可单独使用强调整体强调整体指指三者或三者以三者或三者以上的上的“每一个每一个”考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词常见易混不定代词辨析常见易混不定代词辨析5.each与与every1.There are also many restaurants in_ parts of our city.A.otherB.othersC.ano

26、therD.the others2._ people like to rest in their free time._ like to travel.A.One;The other B.Some;Others C.Some;The other D.One;Another3.The supermarket is on _ side of the street.A.otherB.anotherC.the other D.others4.I have three books here.One is on the desk and _ are in the bag.A.the otherB.othe

27、rsC.otherD.the others5.Im too hungry.Could you please give me _ cake?A.anotherB.otherC.the other D.else考点练习考点练习ABCDA考点练习考点练习6._ of them has a dictionary and _ one of them can look up words in the dictionary.A.Each;every B.Every;each C.Each;each of D.Every;every7.Old Mr.Black lives happily with his t

28、hree dogs._ of them are part of his family.A.BothB.All C.OneD.AnyAB6.6.复合不定代词复合不定代词 one(指人指人)body(指人指人)thing(指物指物)some(肯定肯定)someone(某人某人)somebody(某人某人)something(某事，某物某事，某物)any(否定否定/肯定肯定)anyone(任何人任何人)anybody(任何人任何人)anything(任何事任何事)every(肯定肯定)everyone(每个人每个人)everybody(每个人每个人)everything(每件事，一切每件事，一切)n

29、o(否定否定)no one(没有人没有人)nobody(没有人没有人)nothing(什么都没有什么都没有)考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词(1)“some”一一类类复复合合不不定定代代词词主主要要用用于于肯肯定定句句中中，“any”一一类类复复合合不不定定代代词词主主要要用用于于否否定定句句、疑疑问问句句和和条条件件句句中中。当当“some”一一类类复复合合不不定定代代词词用用于于否否定定句句、疑疑问问句句和和条条件件句句时时，往往往往表表示示请请求求、建建议议或或希希望望对对方方给给予予肯肯定定的的答答复复，表表示示肯肯定定的的意意义义。当当“any”一一类类复复合合不定代词用于肯定句时

30、表示不定代词用于肯定句时表示“任何任何”之意。之意。考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词复合不定代词的用法复合不定代词的用法(2)当形容词或当形容词或else(另外另外)修饰复合不定代词时，修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词之后。必须放在复合不定代词之后。A joke is something funny you say to make people laugh.(3)复复合合不不定定代代词词只只能能作作主主语语、宾宾语语和和表表语语，不不能能作作定定语语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。If anything happens t

31、o him,let the doctor know at once.考点考点2 2：不定代词：不定代词复合不定代词的用法复合不定代词的用法1._ hopes to have a warm home as it provides us with warmth and trust.A.Someone B.Everyone C.Anyone D.No one2.I knocked at the door but _ answered.Maybe they went to a concert.A.somebody B.nobody C.anybody D.everybody3.Its boring f

32、or me to stay at home all day.I hope to have _ to do.A.exciting anything B.nothing excitingC.something interesting D.good something4.Have you seen my mobile phone,Sam?I cant find it _.A.everywhere B.somewhere C.nowhere D.anywhereBB考点练习考点练习CD单数单数复数复数用法用法this(这个这个)these(这些这些)指指时间或空间上距离时间或空间上距离说话人说话人较较

33、近近的人或物的人或物that(那个那个)those(那些那些)指指时间或空间上距离时间或空间上距离说话人说话人较较远远的人或物的人或物考点考点3 3：指示代词：指示代词this/that也也可可用用于于电电话话用用语语中中，this代代表表自自己己，that则代表对方。则代表对方。Hello!Who is that?Hello!This is Sam speaking.辨析辨析 it,one与与that词汇词汇用法用法例句例句it特指上下文提到的对象是同特指上下文提到的对象是同一事物一事物(同类同物同类同物)。I cant find my ruler anywhere.I think I ha

34、ve lost it.one泛指上下文提及的同类事物泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个，同类异物。中的一个，同类异物。复数复数用用ones.These scarves are so beautiful.I want to buy one for my mother.that代替前面提到的名词，以避代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复免重复(同类异物同类异物)。复数用复数用those。Toms grade is much better than that of last term.He has really made great progress.考点考点3 3：指示代词：指示代词1._ is his

35、family and _ are his parents.A.This;thatB.This;thoseC.Those;this2.Whos _ speaking?_ Millie.A.this;Thats B.she;Im C.that;This is D.you;Im3.The weather in China is quite different from_ in Australia.A.thatB.the one C.it D.this4.The Special Olympics World Games include many events similar to _ in the O

36、lympics.A.thisB.thatC.thoseD.these考点练习考点练习BCAC疑疑问问代代词词是是用用来来构构成成特特殊殊疑疑问问句句的的代代词词，一一般般放放在在句句首首，并在句中充当主语、表语、宾语或定语。并在句中充当主语、表语、宾语或定语。考点考点4 4：疑问代词：疑问代词代词代词含义含义基本用法基本用法who谁谁对人称代词主格进行提问，询问人物、身份对人称代词主格进行提问，询问人物、身份whom谁谁对人称代词宾格进行提问，询问人物对人称代词宾格进行提问，询问人物whose谁的谁的 询问所属关系询问所属关系what什么什么 对具体内容进行提问，询问事物、身份、职业等对具体内

37、容进行提问，询问事物、身份、职业等which哪个哪个对指定范围内对指定范围内“哪个哪个”进行提问，询问特定的人或进行提问，询问特定的人或物物(1)所有疑问代词都可以作为连接代词，所有疑问代词都可以作为连接代词，引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。No one knows what will happen.(2)除除what外外的的疑疑问问代代词词均均可可用用作作关关系系代代词词，引引导导定定语语从句。从句。The woman who is the most important in my life is my mother.I prefer tha book which is educational.

38、考点考点4 4：疑问代词：疑问代词1._ is the weather like in Boston now?Its raining.A.WhatB.HowC.WhereD.Why2.Thats the girl_sang at the party last night A.whom B.whoseC.whoD.which3.Do you know _ Jim went to the cinema with yesterday？A.where B.whenC.howD.whom4._ is this pencil case?I have no idea.It seems to be Jims.

39、A.WhoB.WhatC.WhoseD.Which5.Can I help you，sir？Im looking for a book is about loving animals A.whatB.whereC.whichD.who考点练习考点练习ACDCC考点考点5 5 itit的特殊用法的特殊用法1.it指代事物、群体、经验、活动等。When can we come to visit you？Any time you feel like it.2.it可指代婴孩或性别不详的人。Somebody is knocking at the door.I dont know who it is.3

40、.it指代气候、天气、温度、时间、地点、距离等。Its Sunday tomorrow.Its five miles to the nearest station from here.4.it作形式主语或形式宾语。1.It is+形容词/名词 to do sth.做某事是怎么样的.2 .find/think/make it+形容词+to do sth发现做某事是的1.Are you the only child in your family?No,a new baby is on the way.I guess _ will be a lovely girl.A.she B.her C.itD.that2._ is about nine kilometers from my school to the park.A.ThatB.ThisC.It D.One3.In China,_ impolite to use your chopsticks to hit an empty bowl.A.this is B.thatsC.its D.its4.He found _ impossible _ the work on time.A./;finish B.it;to finish C.that;to finish D.it is;to finishCCCB考点练习考点练习