专题十三 动词语态（课件）-2022年中考英语语法知识点大全.pptx

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1、备战备战2022中考英语语法专题过关中考英语语法专题过关 专题十三专题十三 动词语态动词语态20212021年中考考点真题年中考考点真题1.(天津)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero.Today,he _ by people of all ages.A.will love B.was loved C.is loved D.will be loved2.All customers _ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket.A.is asked B

2、.was asked C.are askedD.were askedC考点考点1：一般现在时被动语态：一般现在时被动语态C20212021年中考考点真题年中考考点真题3.(朝阳)_ you _ to Jims birthday party last night?Yes,I was.But I was too busy to be there.A.Did；invited B.Were；inviteC.Was；invited D.Were；invited4.(遂宁)To celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China,a s

3、peech competition _ in our school last week.A.holdB.heldC.is heldD.was heldD考点考点2：一般过去时被动语态：一般过去时被动语态D20212021年中考考点真题年中考考点真题5.(大连)The 2022 Asian Games _ in Hangzhou.A.holdB.heldC.will be heldD.have held6.(营口)Where we should go _ next Friday.A.is decided B.was decidedC.will be decidedD.has been decid

4、edC考点考点3:一般将来时被动语态一般将来时被动语态 C动词的语态动词的语态主动语态主动语态概念概念:主语是动作的执行者主语是动作的执行者被动语态被动语态概念概念:主语是动作的承受者，动作的执行者主语是动作的承受者，动作的执行者由由by引导的短语表示，引导的短语表示，by意为意为.“被，由被，由”构成构成一般现在时一般现在时:am/is/are done一般过去时一般过去时:was/were done一般将来时一般将来时:will/shall be done使用被动使用被动语态的情况语态的情况需要强调和突出动作的承受者需要强调和突出动作的承受者不知道动作的执行者是谁不知道动作的执行者是谁句子

5、的主语是物句子的主语是物没有必要指出动作的执行者没有必要指出动作的执行者 图 解 语 法重点重点语法语法复习复习被动语态被动语态英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。决定动词用主英语的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。决定动词用主动语态还是被动语态主要看动语态还是被动语态主要看动词和主语的关系动词和主语的关系。如果主语是动作的如果主语是动作的执行者执行者，此时动词用，此时动词用主动语态主动语态；如果主语是动作的如果主语是动作的承受者承受者，此时动词则用，此时动词则用被动语态被动语态。英语的被动语态由英语的被动语态由“助动词助动词be过去分词过去分词”构成，其中构成，其中be有时态、人称和数的变化。有

6、时态、人称和数的变化。原来的主要由原来的主要由“by”引导。引导。Many people speak English.English is spoken by many people.执行者执行者承受者承受者构成构成:is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 We clean our classroom every day.Our classroom is cleaned everyday.考点考点1：一般现在时被动语态：一般现在时被动语态考点考点2：一般：一般过去时过去时被动语态被动语态构成构成:was/were+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 People made

7、these model cars in China in 2013.These model cars was built in China in 2013.构成构成:will+be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词 We will build a new road near my school next year.A new road near my school will be built next year.考点考点3：一般：一般将来时的将来时的被动语态被动语态被动语态被动语态综合练习综合练习1.The traffic lights are _ by a central compute

8、r.(控制)2.What isnt_(提到)in the text?3.The electric light was _ （发明）by Edison.4.Some famous paintings were _(偷)from the museum without being noticed.5.The presentation of the Shanghai International Film Festival will be _(报道)live.6.Youll be _ (处罚)if you break the traffic rules.controlledmentionedinvent

9、edstolenreportedpunished被动语态的被动语态的用法用法需要强调和突出动作的承受者时。需要强调和突出动作的承受者时。The cup was broken by David.(强调杯子是谁打碎的强调杯子是谁打碎的)不知道动作的执行者是谁时。不知道动作的执行者是谁时。His watch was stolen yesterday.(不知道手表是谁偷的不知道手表是谁偷的)句子的主语是物，而不是人时。句子的主语是物，而不是人时。My houses were washed away by the flood.(动作执行者是动作执行者是flood.)没有必要指出动作的执行者时。没有必要指

10、出动作的执行者时。A bridge is being built over there.(不必说明谁在建桥不必说明谁在建桥)1.不及物动词无被动语态。不及物动词无被动语态。What will happen in 100 years.2.感官动词或使役动词使用省略感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中的动词不定式，主动语态中不带不带to，但变为被动语态时，须加上，但变为被动语态时，须加上to。make sb.do sth.sb.+be+made to do sth.The boss made the workers work all dayThe workers was made

11、 to work all day by the boss.使用被动语态应注意的几个问题使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:不及物动词不及物动词3.如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。动词决定。He gave me a book.A book was given to me by him.Jack bought me a present.A present was bought for me by Jack.使用被动语态应注意的几个问

12、题使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:4.一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。We cant laugh at him.He cant be laughed at by us.使用被动语态应注意的几个问题使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:被动语态特殊用法被动语态特殊用法读句子，把它们翻译成汉语。读句子，把它们翻译成汉语。1.The door opened slowly.2.The pen writes smoothly.3.This type of books sell wel

13、l.门慢慢打开了。门慢慢打开了。这支笔写得很流畅。这支笔写得很流畅。这种类型的书很畅销。这种类型的书很畅销。open,write,read,sell,cut,burn,drive 等词作等词作不及物动词时，可用主动语态表被动意义。不及物动词时，可用主动语态表被动意义。读句子，把它们翻译成英语。读句子，把它们翻译成英语。1.这道菜闻起来很美味。这道菜闻起来很美味。2.这条狗看起来很危险。这条狗看起来很危险。3.我的意见被证实是错误的。我的意见被证实是错误的。The dish smells delicious.The dog looks dangerous.My opinion proved to

14、 be wrong.look,sound,taste,smell,prove等系动词等系动词+形容词，用形容词，用主动结构表被动意义。主动结构表被动意义。被动语态特殊用法被动语态特殊用法1.If something is worth doing,its worth doing well.be worth doing用主动形式表被动意义。用主动形式表被动意义。如果一件事值得去做，那就值得去做好。如果一件事值得去做，那就值得去做好。want/need/require+doing相当于相当于want/need/require+to be done,to be done1.The roof requi

15、res repairing.2.Your hands want/need washing.The roof requires to be repaired.Your hands want/need to be washed.被动语态特殊用法被动语态特殊用法被动语态特殊用法被动语态特殊用法1.what do you think of the book?Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.to be readC.readingD.being read2.The computer requires _.I think I need _

16、 to ask Mr Zhang for help.A.fixing;to goB.to fix;to goC.fixing;goingD.to fix;going3.This pair of shoes_Mom,and it_very comfortable.A.was made with;is felt B.were made from;is feltC.were made by;feelsD.was made by;feelsCADbe made of 由由制造制造(看得见原料看得见原料)The desk is made of wood.be made from 由由制造制造(看不见原料

17、看不见原料)The book is made from wood.be made up of 由由.组成组成The grade is made up of six classes.be made in地点地点 在在制造制造The desk is made in Zhuhai.常用的被动语态词组常用的被动语态词组be made of be made from be made up of be made in 1.Books are made _ paper while paper is mainly made _ wood.A.of;ofB.from;from C.of;from D.from;

18、of2.The house is made _ wood and it is made _ six rooms.A.up of;of B.from;up ofC.of;up of D.from;of3.The dress looks beautiful.Is it made _ silk?Yes，and its made _ Hangzhou.A.of;from B.of;inC.from;of D.in;by常用的被动语态词组常用的被动语态词组-考点练习考点练习CCBbe used for doing sth./be used to do sth.被用来做某事被用来做某事Pens are u

19、sed for writing.be used as 被当作被当作用用English is used as a second language in many countries.be used by 被某人使用被某人使用His car is used by his father.be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事习惯于做某事My English teacher is used to living in Zhongshan.常用的被动语态词组常用的被动语态词组be used for be used as be used by be made to be filled

20、 withbe full of 装满装满The bottle is filled with milk.be covered with 覆盖覆盖Be careful.The floor is covered with water.常用的被动语态词组常用的被动语态词组be filled with be covered with1.别灰心，生活充满了惊喜和希望。Dont lose heart.Life is _ _ surprise and hope.2.秋天，街道被落叶覆盖。（cover）In autumn,streets _ fallen leaves.3.共享单车被广泛用于短途出行。Share

21、d bikes _ widely _ _ taking short-distance trips.4.They use the back door as an exit.(改为被动语态)_5.for，letters，stamps，used，send，are_full of/filled withare covered withare used forThe back door is used as an exit by them.Stamps are used for sending letters常用的被动语态词组常用的被动语态词组-考点练习考点练习It is said that Mr.Sm

22、ith will visit our school next week.It is reported that the driver drunk a lot of wine.Its believed that health is above wealth.Its well-known that China is famous for the Great Wall.常用的被动语态句式常用的被动语态句式Its said that.“据说据说.”Its reported that.“据报道据报道.”Its believed that.“人们相信人们相信.”Its well known that.“众

23、所周知众所周知.”Today is a busy day.Because my parents went to take care of my sick grandmother,I needed to prepare breakfast by myself.I didnt know what could be 1._(cook)for myself.So I ate nothing.I 2._ _(drive)to school by my dad almost every day.But today I needed to take the bus.There were so many pe

24、ople on the bus that all the seats 3._ _(take).cooked am were taken driven综合练习综合练习 When I reached school,I suddenly realized that my student card 4._ _(leave)at home.This student card has been 5._(use)by me for five months.While I was looking for my student card at the school gate,I met my classmate

25、.He said,“we must go quickly or we will be 6._(punish)by the teacher for being late.”But usually students without a student card are never 7._(allow)to enter the school by the guard.We finally explained the reason and entered the school.When we walked into the classroom,I saw that my student card was 8._(hold)by my teacher!was leftusedpunishedallowedheld综合练习综合练习