《全球变暖英文》课件.pptx

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1、GlobalWarmingEnglishOverviewofGlobalWarmingGreenhousegasemissionsEvidenceofglobalwarmingMeasurestoaddressglobalwarmingInternationalCooperationandPolicyPersonalactionsandparticipationOverviewofGlobalWarming01GlobalwarmingreferstothephenomenonwheretheaveragetemperatureoftheEarthcontinuestorise.Themain

2、characteristicsofglobalwarmingincludeanincreaseinEarthsaveragetemperature,glaciermelting,risingsealevels,andanincreaseinthefrequencyandintensityofextremeclimateevents.DefinitionandcharacteristicsThemaincauseofglobalwarmingistheincreaseingreenhousegasemissionscausedbyhumanactivities.Humanactivities,s

3、uchasburningfossilfuelsanddeforestation,releaselargeamountsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases,leadingtoanexacerbationofthegreenhouseeffectandultimatelycausingglobalwarming.ThecausesofglobalwarmingGlobalwarminghasawide-rangingimpactonnaturalecosystemsandhumansociety.Globalwarmingmayleadtoanincrea

4、seinthefrequencyandintensityofextremeclimateevents,suchasfloodsanddroughts;Negativeimpactsonagricultureandfisheries;Anditleadstospeciesextinctionandadecreaseinbiodiversity.Meanwhile,globalwarmingwillexacerbatepovertyandsocialinequality,andhavefar-reachingimpactsontheglobaleconomy.Theimpactofglobalwa

5、rmingGreenhousegasemissions02Carbondioxideisthemostabundantgreenhousegasemittedfromhumanactivities,mainlythroughtheburningoffossilfuelsIthasalongatmosphericlifetime,allowingittoaccumulateintheatmosphereandtrapheat,leadingtoglobalwarmingCarbondioxideemissionsareresponsibleforapproximately80%oftheradi

6、alforcingcausedbyallgreenhousegasesCarbondioxideMethaneisagreenhousegasthatismorepotentialthancarbondioxideintrappingheatMethaneemissionsareresponsibleforabout16%oftheradialforcingcausedbyallgreenhousegasesItisinvitedfromnaturalsourcessuchaswetlandsandanimalhusbandry,aswellashumanactivitieslikericec

7、ultivation,landfills,andnaturalgasproductionMethaneNitrogenoxidesareexcitedfromcombustionprocessessuchasvehicleexhaustsandpowerplantsTheycontributetotheformationofgroundlevelzone,aharshairpollutantthatcancauserespiratoryproblemsNitrogenoxidesalsoreactwithotheratmosphericcompoundstoformacidrain010203

8、NitrogenoxideCFCs(Chlorofluorocarbons)CFCsaresyntheticgreenhousegasesthatwereusedinvariousapplicationslikereflectionandaerosolsTheyhavebeenphasedoutundertheMontrealProtocolduetotheirroleinunfoldingtheozonelayerCFCshavealongatmosphericlifetimeandareresponsibleforabout5%oftheradialforcingcausedbyallgr

9、eenhousegasesEvidenceofglobalwarming03VSGlaciersareretreatingatanincreasingrate,losingmassandshrinkinginsizeThisisduetowarmingtemperatures,whichisduetoicetomeltandglacierstoreceiveGlaciermeltingisakeyindicatorofglobalwarming,asGlaciersaresensitivetochangesintemperatureTheretryofglaciersiscontributin

10、gtosealevelriskandaffectingwaterresourcesinmanyregionsGlaciermeltingSealevelriskisadirectresultofglobalwarningAstheEarthstemperatureincreases,thepolaricecapsandglaciersmelt,causingsealevelstoriseSealevelriseposesasignificantthreattocoastalcitiesandlowlyingareas,asitcanleadtoflooding,erosion,andplace

11、mentofpeopleRisingsealevelsalsoaffectmarineecosystemsandinfrastructureSealevelriseExtremeweathereventssuchasheatwaves,droughts,floods,andstormsarebecomingmorefrequentandintensiveduetoglobalwarmingTheseeventsarecausedbychangesinatmosphericcirculationpatternsandtemperaturegradients,whichareinfluencedb

12、yrisinggreenhousegasemissionsExtremeweathereventshavenegativeimpactsonhumanhealth,infrastructure,andtheenvironmentExtremeweathereventsGlobalwarmingisdrivingspecificationsextractionandcausingsignificantchangestoecosystemsAstemperaturesrise,somespecificationsareunabletoadaptquicklyenoughtothechanginge

13、nvironmentandfaceextensionEcosystemsarealsoexperiencingshiftsinspecificationscomposition,range,andbackgroundThiscanleadtoalossofbiodiversityanddisruptecologicalbalanceThelossofspecificationsandecosystemshasnegativeimplicationsforhumanwellbeingandsustainabledevelopmentSpecificationsextractionandecosy

14、stemchangesMeasurestoaddressglobalwarming04要点三CarbondioxideemissionsImplementingpoliciestoenhancethereductionofcarbondioxideemissionsfromfossilfuels,suchastaxationoncarbonemissionsorpromotingcleanenergysources要点一要点二MetalemissionsInvestingintechnologiesandpracticestoreducemetalemissionsfromagricultur

15、e,landfills,andnaturalgasproductionNitrousoxideemissionsPromotingsustainableagriculturalpracticesthatreduceNitrousoxideemissionsfromfertilizeruse要点三ReducinggreenhousegasemissionsEnergysavingappliancesEnhancingtheproductionandpurchaseofenergyeffectiveappliances,suchasLEDlights,effectiveairconditionin

16、gandheatingsystemsEnergysavingbuildingsAdoptingenergysavingdesignfeaturesinnewbuildingsandretrofittingexistingbuildingstoimprovetheirenergyefficiencyTransportationefficiencyPromotingpublictransportation,cycling,walking,andpoolingtoreduceindividualvehicleemissionsImprovingenergyefficiency Developingr

17、enewableenergySolarenergyInvestinginsolarpaneltechnologyandsupportingpoliciesthatencodethewidespreadduseofsolarenergyWindenergyDevelopingwindturbinetechnologyandestablishingwindfarmstogeneratecleanenergyGeothermalenergyExploringanddevelopinggeothermalresourcestoprovidecleanheatandpowerPlantingnewfor

18、estsPromotingtheplanningofnewforestsondeforestedlandtoabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereForestpreservationEncouragingtheprotectionofexistingforestsbypromotingsustainableloggingpracticesandpreventingdeforestationAfforestationandForestProtectionInternationalCooperationandPolicy051992UnitedNationsFra

19、mewoThisagreementwassignedattheEarthSummitinRiodeJaneiroandenteredintoforceon21March1994Itcommitsitspartstolimitgreenhousegasemissionsandpromotesustainabledevelopment要点一要点二2015ParisAgreementThisagreementwasadoptedatthe21stConferenceofthePartiestotheUNFCCCinParis,France,andenteredintoforceon4November

20、2016Itaimstolimitglobalwarmingtowellbelow2Cabovepreindustriallevelsandpusheffectstolimititto1.5CInternationalClimateAgreementNationalclimatepolicySomecountrieshaveimplementedcarbontaxes,whichareleftonemittersofgreenhousegasesThetaxesaredesignedtoresourceemitterstoreducetheiremissionsandprovidegovern

21、mentrevenueforclimatechangemitigationmeasuresCarbontaxesManycountrieshaveimplementedpoliciestoenrichthedevelopmentanduseofrenewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpowerThesepoliciesoftenincludesubsidiaries,taxincentives,andmandatesforacertainpercentageofrenewableenergyinthenationalene

22、rgymixRenewableenergypoliciesEnvironmentalreportingCorporationsareincreasinglyrequiredtoreportontheirenvironmentalimpacts,includinggreenhousegasemissions,wateruse,andwastegenerationThesereportsareoftenpreparedinaccordancewithinternationalstandardssuchastheGlobalReportingInitiative(GRI)ortheCarbonDis

23、closureProject(CDP)GreenconsumerConsumersarebecomingmoreawareoftheenvironmentalimpactsofproductsandservicesandareincreasinglydemandingsustainablealternativesCorporationsarerespondingbyofferingmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyproductsandservicesandbyengaginginsustainablebusinesspracticesCorporateSocialResp

24、onsibilityandSustainableDevelopmentPersonalactionsandparticipation06EnhanceenvironmentalawarenessJoinorsupportenvironmentalorganizations,participateinenvironmentalactivities,andworktogetherwithotherstopromoteenvironmentalprotection.ParticipateinenvironmentUnderstandingthecauses,impacts,andresponseme

25、thodsofglobalwarmingisthefoundationforraisingenvironmentalawareness.UnderstandingthebasicconceptsofglobalwarmingFollowenvironmentalnews,reports,andscientificresearchtounderstandthelatesttrendsandresponsemeasuresonglobalwarming.PayattentiontoenvironmentalnewsandinformationEnergyconservationandemissio

26、nreductionIndailylife,trytoreduceenergyconsumptionasmuchaspossible,suchassavingwaterandelectricity.GreentravelChoosegreenmodesoftransportationsuchaspublictransportation,cycling,orwalkingtoreduceprivatecartravel.ReasonableuseofelectricalappliancesTrytominimizetheuseofhighenergyconsumingappliancesandm

27、akereasonableuseofelectricalequipmentsuchasairconditioningandtelevision.ReduceenergyconsumptionCyclingorwalkingChoosecyclingorwalkingforshorttripsorsuitabletravelconditions.GreentravelsoftwareUsegreentravelsoftwaresuchascarpoolingandbikesharingtoreducevehicleemissions.PublictransportationPriorityshouldbegiventopublictransportationsuchasbuses,subways,etc.ChoosegreenmodesoftransportationTHANKS感谢观看