Unit+2+Natural+Disasters+重点词汇导学案-2023-2024学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册.docx

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1、必修三U2重点词汇+单句填空+课文填空【一、课前回顾】必修三Unit 1 Nature in the balance 默写序号原词词性、词意词性/形转换1harm n.& vt.伤害，损害harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的2soiln.土壤；国土，领土，土地3*ecosystem n.生态系统4overseasadj.海外的，国外的 adv.在海外，向国外5region n.地区，区域；行政区 regional adj.地区的，区域的6continentn.大陆，陆地，洲 7millionn.一百万；许多，大量millionaire n.百万富翁8lengthn.

2、长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长lengthen v.使延长，加长，延长，变长long adj.(长度或距离)长的，长期的，长时间的9biodiversityn.生物多样性10specie n.种，物种 11nutn.坚果Brazil nut 巴西坚果12*lily n.百合(花)water lily 睡莲13varietyn.不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体vary v.变化，改变，使有变化，使多样化various/varied adj.不同的，各种各样的variable adj.可变的，变化无常的14wildlife n.野生动植物，野生生物15beneathprep.在下面，下

3、方；配不上16massn.大量；团，块，堆；一大群adj.大批的，广泛的massive adj.大量的，巨大的，厚重的17toweringadj.高大的，高耸的； 出色的tower n.塔18hardwoodn.阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材)19livingadj.活着的，活的；在使用的n.生计，谋生；生活方式live v.居住，生存adj.活的，实况转播，现场表演lively adj.活泼的，生动的，真实的，生气勃勃的alive adj.活着的(作后置定语)20*mammaln.哺乳动物21*jaguarn.美洲豹，美洲虎22survive vi.生存，存活vt.幸存，幸免于难survival

4、 n.生/幸存，残存物 adj.赖以生存的survivor n.生存者，幸存者23frogn.蛙，青蛙24insect n.昆虫25microorganism n.微生物organism n.有机物26nutrientn.营养素，营养物 nutrition n.营养 nutritious adj.富有营养的nutritional adj.营养(相关)的27carbon n.碳28oxygenn.氧，氧气29thus adv.因此，从而；这样30disappearvi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪31agriculturen.农业，农学agricultural adj.农业的 (adv. a

5、griculturally)32cattlen.牛33impactn.影响，作用；撞击，冲撞vi.& vt.有影响；冲击34extinction n.灭绝 ，绝种 extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的35damagevt.& n.损害，伤害，破坏damaged adj.被损坏的，受损伤的；有心理创伤的36climaten.气候；倾向，风气 37globaladj.全球的；全面的 globe n.球体，地球，地球仪 globalization n.全球化38greenhousen.温室，暖房 39gasn.气体；煤气；汽油40drought n.旱灾，久旱41application n.应用，

6、运用；申请apply v.应用，运用，申请 applicant n.申请人42brochure n.小册子43organizationn.组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理organize v.组织，使有条理organized adj.有组织的，安排有秩序的，有条理的organizer n.组织者44absolutelyadv.绝对地，完全地；极其absolute adj.绝对的，完全的45beltn.地带，地区；腰带；传送带 46medaln.奖章，勋章47image n.形象；图像；意象 48shark n.鲨鱼49whale n.鲸50deer(pl.deer)n. 鹿51trackvt.

7、& vi.跟踪，追踪n.足迹；踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线52habitatn.生活环境，栖息地 53nowhereadv.无处，哪里都不54dolphin n.海豚55residentn.居民，住户56chiefn.首领，最高领导人adj.主要的；首席的57committee n.委员会58entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地entire adj.完全的59smogn.雾霾，烟雾60protestvi.反对，抗议 n.抗议，反对vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩protester n.抗议者61profitn.利润，收益；好处vi.& vt.获益，得到好处profitable adj.有

8、利可图的，有益的non-profit adj.非营利性的，不以营利为目的的62defence (AmE defense) n.辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守defend v.辩解，辩护，保护，防守，防护，保卫defendant n.被告(人) defensive adj.防御的，保护的，保卫的，戒备的，怀有戒心的，自卫的，防守的63processn.过程，进 程；步骤，流程vt.加工，处理64economicadj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的economy n.经济 economics n.经济学economical adj.节俭的，合算的，经济上节省的65policyn.政策，方针；原

9、则66branch n.(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支67strategyn.策略，计划；策划，部署68recyclevt.回收利用，再利用recyclable adj.可回收的 recycling n.回收利用69subwayn.地铁；地下人行道 70formeradj.昔日的，前任的；以前的71officialn.官员，要员adj.公务的；正式的，官方的 officially adv.正式地，官方地office n.办公室，官职officer n.官员，高级职员，警官，军官72poverty n.贫穷，贫困；贫乏poor adj.穷的 (adv.poorly)73poison

10、vt.污染；毒死 n.毒物，毒药 poisonous adj.有毒的74chemicaln.化学制品adj.化学的；化学作用的chemistry n.化学chemist n.化学家，药剂师75consequencen.结果，后果；重要性consequent adj.作为结果的，随之发生的consequently adv.因此，结果，必然地76furtheradj.更多的，更进一步的adv.较远，更远；进一步vt.促进，增进far adj.& adv.远的farther adj.& adv.更远的/地furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的/地重要短语览一览3学科网（北京）

11、股份有限公司1.be alive with充满，到处都是(活的或动的东西)拓展：be filled with/be full of充满2.be concerned about担心3.break down使分解 (为) ，使变化(成)拓展：break up打碎；分裂，解体；结束；关系等破裂break away from突然离开；脱离break into破门而入；闯入break out战争、火灾等爆发4.breathe life into给带来起色，注入活力5.build up逐渐增加，扩大6.call for (公开)要求，需要拓展：call up使回忆起；给打电话call in叫来；召来；下令

12、收回；请求call off取消；停止call on/upon拜访(某人)，号召call at拜访某个地点e up with想出，想到拓展：come about发生，产生come across被理解，被弄懂，(偶然)发现/偶遇come around恢复知觉，苏醒，再度发生，再次出现come back回来，返回，再度流行，再次成功come down崩塌，坍塌，落下，降落，下降，降低come into being形成，存在come out (太阳、月亮或星星)出现，开花，出版，发表come up破土而出，(太阳)升起，被提及，被讨论注意：come up with为及物动词短语；come up为不及物

13、动词短语。)8.divide.into.把分成(be divided into)9.get rid of摆脱，丢弃，扔掉拓展：be rid of sth./sb.摆脱某人/某事物 rid sb./sth. of sb./sth. (formal)去除，清除rid oneself of sb /sth.摆脱, 从中解脱10.give rise to使发生(或存在)11.point out指出12.sign up(for)报名(参加)13.spring to mind突然记起(或想到)14.make up ones mind下定决心，打定主意15.change ones mind改变主意16.be

14、ar/keep.in mind/bear/keep in mind that.将记在心中e into ones mind进入某人的脑海拓展：lose ones mind失去理智bring to mind使想起come to mind突然想起concentrate ones mind on/upon 集中注意力于；专注于18.a variety of各种各样的，许多19.one and the same同一个(人或物)20.due to由于，因为拓展：be due to do sth预期/预定做某事be due to sb 应支付/给予/归于某人21.hand in hand手拉手22.in d

15、anger of处于的危险中23.in defence of为了保护，为辩护24.in turn相应地，转而【二、知识要点】必修三Unit 2 Natural disasters 学习核心词汇-1. injury【教材原句】Only 5 students suffered slight injuries, despite the current figures of 7 killed and over 200 injured in the disaster area at large.(P16)【考点归纳】词性/形变化injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害injury n.伤害injured

16、adj.受伤的the injured n.伤者/伤员(根据语境单复数都可)相关短语do sb./oneself an injury=do an injury to sb./oneself使某人/自己受到伤害be/get badly/seriously injured严重受伤，受重伤protect from injury防止受伤injure ones pride/feelings/reputation伤害某人的自尊/感情/损害某人的声誉【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空Last Saturday I went fishing with my fellows, only to have my le

17、ft foot _.【答案】injuredApart from the _ to his face and hands, he broke both legs.【答案】injuriesWe held a ceremony in honour of the firefighters risking their lives to save the _ in the big fire.【答案】injured The governor called on the injured miners in the hospitals after inspecting the accident site.【答案

18、】injured 完成句子不要触摸那些化学制品你会伤着自己的。Dont touch the chemicalsyoull _.【答案】injure yourself/do yourself an injury这会严重损害公司的声誉。This could seriously _.【答案】injure the companys reputation七人被困在星期五发生的大火里，其中四人当场受了重伤。Seven people were caught in the big fire that broke out on Friday, _ at the scene.【答案】four of whom(=o

19、f whom four=and four of them)were/got badly/seriously injured运动员必须戴防护垫以免受伤。Playersmustwearpaddingto_.【答案】protectthemfrominjury核心词汇-2. reaction【教材原句】Her students reaction was quick and correctthey moved under their desks, head first, and held on to the legs of the desks.(16)【考点归纳】词性/形变化reaction n.反应，

20、回应；抗拒；化学反应react vi.反应相关短语reaction to.对的反应react to对作出反应；回应react with.与起反应react against反抗【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空Judging from her _, she liked the birthday present.【答案】reactionAdvertising can influence consumers moods which, in turn, are likely to influence consumers _ to products.【答案】reactions完成句子现在，格拉斯哥的家长

21、们反对关闭25所小学的计划。Now, parents in Glasgow _ 25 primary schools.【答案】B are reacting against the plan to shut down学生们对铁与水反应缓慢的结论有什么反应？How _ that iron _ water?【答案】did the students react to the conclusion, has a slow reaction with/reacts slowly with核心词汇-3. confirm【教材原句】After a roll call confirmed that all we

22、re safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.(P16)【考点归纳】词性/形变化confirm v.证实，证明，确认，使确信confirmed adj.已被确定的，已被证实的，根深蒂固的confirmation n.确定，确证，确认书，证明书相关短语与句型confirm sb. in sth.使某人确信某事confirm that/wh-clause确定，证实It has been confirmed that(从句)，已经确定/证实/证明【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空We hope tha

23、t the enclosed draft contract will be acceptable to you and we look forward to receiving your _.【答案】confirmationThe daily number of newly cured and discharged(出院)patients exceeded that of the newly _ cases. 【答案】confirmed完成句子他举了许多例子来证实他的观点。He gave many examples _.【答案】to confirm him in his view已经确认巴蜀的

24、新校区明年将投入使用。_ a new campus of Bashu Secondary School will be put into use next year.【答案】It has been confirmed that亨利给机场打电话想确认飞往旧金山的24航班是否会准时离港。Harry _ Flight 24 for San Francisco is departing on time.【答案】telephoned to the airport to confirm whether核心词汇-4. occur【教材原句】It immediately occurred to her tha

25、t these were signs of an approaching tsunami.(P17)【考点归纳】词性/形变化occur vi.发生，出现；存在于occurrence n.出现；发生，事件occurring adj.存在的相关短语和句型occur in存在于，出现在sth. occurs to sb.某人突然想到某事It occurs to sb. to do sth.某人突然想到做某事It occurs to/strikes/hits sb.that.某人突然想起【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空Drunk driving, which was once a frequent

26、_, is now under control.【答案】occurrenceIn the spring of 2023, the sudden climate change _ in this area, killing a lot of crops.【答案】occurredWithout these naturally _ greenhouse gases, the suns rayswould bounce backinto space, leaving the earth cold and impossible to live on.【答案】occurring完成句子我从来没有想到你能成

27、功说服他改变主意。_ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 【答案】It never occurred to me/struck me/hit me that 我突然想到，我可以换种方式解决这个问题。_ to work out the problem in another way.=_ I can work out the problem in other ways.【答案】It occurred to me, It occurred to me that一些水果含有天然糖分，如梨、甜瓜、葡萄等。还有一些食物也含有糖分，

28、如蘑菇、葡萄酒和奶酪。_ fruits such as pears, melons and grapes, as well as foods such as mushrooms, wine, and cheese.【答案】Sugar occurs naturally in他已经不省人事了，当我看着他的脸时，我突然想起了什么。He was unconscious and as I looked at his face, _ me. 【答案】something occurred to me核心词汇-5. relief【教材原句】To her great relief, the officer im

29、mediately realized the coming danger.(P17)【考点归纳】词性/形变化relief n.宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济relieve vt.减轻relieved adj.(感到)欣慰的相关短语及句型in relief 如释重负，松了口气to ones relief令/让/使某人欣慰的是(to ones relief为了强调，可在to前面加much或者relief前加great，意为“令/让/使某人非常欣慰的是”。有相同用法的词还有：surprise, joy, regret等。)with relief欣慰地，如释重负地sigh with relief/bre

30、athe a sigh of relief松/舒了口气Its a relief to do sth.做某事是令人欣慰的for disaster relief/for relief work用于救灾(赈灾)/用于救济(救援)工作relieve ones pain/ pressure减轻、缓和某人的痛苦/压力relieve sb.of.减轻某人的；将某人从中解脱出来【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空With his help, I managed to take some effective measures _ my great pressure.【答案】to relieveOne mouthf

31、ul of comfort food takes us back to our cultural roots, _ feelings of homesickness.【答案】relievingShe was _ to hear the news that all the residents had been saved.【答案】relievedHenry was capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a _.【答案】relief 完成句子没有人受伤，我们都松了一口气。No one was hur

32、t, and we all _. 【答案】breathed a sigh of relief/sighed with a relief你刚才说的话减轻了她的压力。What you said just now _.【答案】relieved her of her stress听说他在事故中幸免于难，并安然无恙地回到家，真让人欣慰。_ that he survived the accident and came back home safe and sound.【答案】It was a relief to hear 已经拨出两百万美元用于救灾/救援工作。Twomilliondollarswasall

33、ocated _/_.【答案】fordisasterrelief/for relief work听说她的儿子被清华大学录取了，她如释重负地笑了。She _ after she heard her son had been admitted to Tsinghua University.【答案】smiled in relief/with relief 令我们感到非常欣慰的是，越来越多的人意识到保护野生动植物的重要性。_, an increasing number of people are aware of the importance of protecting the wildlife.【答

34、案】Much to our relief/To our great relief令他非常欣慰的是，孩子们都找到了好的工作。_, his children all found a good job.His children all found a good job, which _.【答案】Much to his relief/To his great relief ；made him greatly relieved核心词汇-6. inform【教材原句】Remember to inform yourself of what is going on.(P19)【考点归纳】词性/形变化infor

35、m vt.通知；了解，熟悉information n.信息相关短语inform sb. That从句/of what从句.通告/告知某人inform sb. of sth.通告/告知某人某事keep sb. informed of sth.随时让某人了解某事，随时通知某人某事拓展：“动词sb.ofsth.”短语warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事cure sb. of sth.治好某人某病/改掉某人某毛病remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事accuse sb. of sth.控告某人某事suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人

36、某物convince sb. of sth.使某人相信某事【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空_ of the current affairs in the world, the old man even learned to surf the Internet in his eighties. 【答案】To be informedPlease keep me _ of any progress and developments about the matter.【答案】informedIn library books and computers, you can find _ on start

37、ing a business.【答案】information完成句子如果您能批准我的申请并通知我面试的时间，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if you could approve my application and _ the interview. 【答案】inform me of/keep me informed of我每天看电视以使自己了解世界上正在发生的事情。I watch TV every day _ what is going on in the world.【答案】to keep myself informed of “我很遗憾地通知你，你考试不及格。

38、”“你应该后悔没有更加努力学习。”I _ you failed in the exam. You should regret not studying harder.【答案】regret to inform you that附录：用“动词sb.ofsth.”短语完成句子失去钱包的打击，使我一改过去心不在焉的坏毛病。The shock of losing my purse _ my former absent-mindedness.【答案】cured me of 她警告她的朋友有危险。She _ the danger.【答案】warned her friends of 这些工厂的老板被指控剥削工

39、人。The employers of these factories _ exploiting their workers.【答案】were accused of他们被打倒在地并被抢走了钱包。They were knocked to the ground and _ their wallets. 【答案】(were)robbed of为了使警察相信他是无辜的，嫌疑犯提供了几个令人信服的事实。In order to _ his innocence, the suspect offered several convincing facts.【答案】convince the police of 这名

40、涉嫌对一家公司实施网络犯罪的年轻人被警方逮捕并接受了问话。The young man, _ committing cybercrime against a company, was arrested and interviewed by the police.【答案】being suspected of这些成就显示了决心的力量，但也提醒了我们面临的挑战。These achievements showed the power of determination, but they also _ the challenges.【答案】reminded us of核心词汇-7. shock【教材原句】

41、As you can imagine, it was a bit of a shock.(P 20)【考点归纳】词性/形变化shock n.震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动vt.使震惊shocking adj.令人震惊的，令人憎恶的shocked adj.感到震惊的，惊愕的a shocked look/expression震惊的表情a piece of shocking news令人震惊的消息shocking behavior骇人听闻的行为相关短语及句型be shocked by/at.对感到震惊be shocked to do sth.因做某事而感到震惊It was a shock to do sth“

42、做某事真是令人震惊”，be shocked that.对感到震惊【语境运用】用该词条恰当的形式填空It was really a terrifying experience. Afterwards everybody was very _.【答案】shockedHe returned to his village, only to find that the house was in a _ state.【答案】shockingThe news of the disaster occurring there _ the whole nation.【答案】shocked完成句子得知他病得很重，我很震惊。_ that hes badly ill.【答案