Unit 1 Nature in the Balance重点单词变形词组短语句型练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（译林2020）.docx

《Unit 1 Nature in the Balance重点单词变形词组短语句型练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（译林2020）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Unit 1 Nature in the Balance重点单词变形词组短语句型练习-2022-2023学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（译林2020）.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、Unit 1 Nature in the Balance重点单词变形，词组，短语，句型练习(知识点全覆盖)重点单词变形1harm n& vt.伤害，损害 adj.有害的 adj.无害的2region n地区，区域；行政区 adj.地区的3length n长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长 adj.长的4variety n不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 v变化 adj.多种多样的5 living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n生计，谋生；生活方式 v活着 adj.活泼的6survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难 n幸存7disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；

2、消失；失踪 n消失 vi.出现8agriculture n农业，农学 adj.农业的9extinction n灭绝，绝种 adj.灭绝的，绝种的10global adj.全球的；全面的 n球体11application n应用，运用；申请 v申请；应用12organization n组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理 vt.组织 n组织者13absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其 adj.绝对的；完全的14entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地 adj.完全的15profit n利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处 adj.有利润的，盈利的16defence n

3、辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守 vt.保护17economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的 n经济18poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n毒物，毒药 adj.有毒的19chemical n化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的 n化学20consequence n结果，后果；重要性 adj.随之而来的 adv.结果21 further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进 adj.&adv.远的 adj.& adv.最远的/地 adj.& adv.更远的/地重点词组试卷第3页，共3页学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（

4、北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 相应地，转而2 使分解(为)，使变化(成)3 给带来起色，注入活力4 由于，因为5 逐渐增加，扩大6 砍倒7 至少8 处于的危险中9 想出，想到10 (公开)要求；需要11 突然记起(或想到)12 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉13 使发生(或存在)14 漏掉15 参加16 把分成17 报名18 为了保护19 指出20 担心21 寻找22 手拉手一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1Workers in the factories have their hearing _ (harm) by the great no

5、ises. 2Dont enter the office unless _ (tell) to. 3The place wasnt _ (entire) authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing(水管) worked.4The animal protection organization is calling for a _ (globe) ban on whaling. 5_ (economy) growth decelerated sharply in June. 6The _ (long) of

6、 the time needed has a close association with the amount of work. 7At the same time, we all go through _ (vary) periods when we feel sad or alone. 8He didnt want to take part in the_ (organize) of the conference, although he was willing to attend and speak. 9I sincerely hope my _ (apply) can meet wi

7、th your approval. 10The meeting was put off behind schedule due_the absence of the chairman. 11Can you stand a bit _ (far) away? 12The sun _ (disappear) below the horizon much sooner in winter than in summer. 13As a _(consequent), the number of polar bears is becoming smaller and smaller.14The Ten-y

8、ear-old girl was one of the only three children who_(survive) the disaster. 15Several _ (survive) of the accident have been taken to the hospital in a state of shock. 16We werent able to come up _ any new suggestions. 17Without oxygen, the brain _(damage) quickly. 18People who would be affected by t

9、he proposed changes made _ protest last week. 19He explained our basic task, the tractor fired up and we were off, riding down the field looking for weeds to spray with _(chemical). 20The committee who _(be) responsible for this decision would consider it over again. 21The air in the factory is seri

10、ously polluted. If _(breathe) in, it may result in illness or even death. 22Peters health broke _and he was unable to work to a year. 23You will_(profit)if you follow my advice. 24It is illegal for a public _ (office) to ask people for gifts or money in exchange for favors to them. 25The boy ran awa

11、y quickly and soon he _(appear). 26While _ (do) my homework at home, I heard my name called. 27The monument is in memory of the soldiers who lost their lives in _(defend) of their country. 28The cruel man killed his wife by _(poison) her coffee. 29Yesterday, we paid a visit to the coral reefs and ex

12、plored the_ (live) organisms of the ocean. 30There were _ (mass) air attacks during the war. 二、根据汉语意思填写单词31The _(委员会) is concerned about players behaviour, especially arguing with referees. 32Negative self-talk _(损害) self-confidence and decreases self-respect. 33The_ (组织) offers practical help in de

13、aling with paperwork. 34According to the report, _(经济的) growth has slowed a little. 35The _ (结果) was that he caught a bad cold. 36In the fair, _(各种各样的) paper-cuttings are on display for you to choose from. 37You said we should be grateful to our parents and teachers. I _(完全)agreed with you. 38These

14、plants cannot _(活下去) in very cold conditions. 39Have you filled in the _ (申请) form for your passport yet? 40Putonghua is the _ (官方的) language of China, and its winning increasing popularity around the world. 41The news that he won three gold _ (奖牌) excited all of us. 42Children are admitted only if

15、_(陪伴) by an adult. 43Local _ (居民) are calling for a public enquiry into the accident. 44A movie theatre and roller rink (溜冰场) attracted customers and _ (利润). 45The thief ran out of the house, jumped over the fence around it and _(消失) into the distance. 三、完成句子46我亲眼目睹了他们最终是如何打破隔阂，避免冲突的。I witnessed how

16、 they ultimately _ _ the barriers and avoided the conflict.47面对困境时，她从未想过放弃。When _ _ _, she never attempted giving up.48他们已经找到了各种各样的方法来满足客人的需求。(一句多译)（1）They have found _ ways to meet the customers needs. （2）They have found _ _ ways to meet the customers needs. （3）They have found _ _ _ ways to meet th

17、e customers needs.49女士们依次发言时，每一位都得到了喝彩。There were cheers for each of the women as they spoke_ _.50增加生产反过来会增加利润。Increased production will,_, lead to increased profits.四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。NASA has got some good news for us. The world is a _51_(green) place today than it was 2

18、0 years ago. How does this happen? Well, it appears China and India are leading the change.NASA researchers compared satellite data (卫星数据) from the mid-1990s to today. They found that global green leaf area _52_(increase) by five percent since the early 2000s. Thats about the same area as the entire

19、 Amazon rainforest. At first, the researchers were unsure _53_ caused the large increase in greening around the planet.After further _54_ (investigate), they found that greening was mostly located in China and India. China and India have the worlds biggest populations. In the past, they _55_ (consid

20、er) to have overexploited land, water and other resources for economic growth. But now, the two countries are responsible _56_the largest greening of the planet in the past two decades.China has carried out programs _57_ (protect) and expand forests. These programs were developed to reduce the _58_(

21、effect) of soil erosion(水土流失), air pollution and climate change. India continues to break world records in tree planting. _59_ was reported that 800,000 Indians planted 50 million trees in one day in 2016. However, the researchers warned that we should not be content with _60_ situation. The gain in

22、 global greenness does not offset (抵消) the losses.参考答案：重点单词变形1harm n& vt.伤害，损害harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的2region n地区，区域；行政区regional adj.地区的3length n长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长long adj.长的4variety n不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体vary v变化various adj.多种多样的5living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n生计，谋生；生活方式live v活着lively adj.活泼的6survive

23、 vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难survival n幸存7disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪disappearance n消失appear vi.出现8agriculture n农业，农学agricultural adj.农业的9extinction n灭绝，绝种extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的10global adj.全球的；全面的globe n球体11application n应用，运用；申请apply v申请；应用12organization n组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理organize vt.组织organizer n组织者13absolut

24、ely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其absolute adj.绝对的；完全的14entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地entire adj.完全的15profit n利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处profitable adj.有利润的，盈利的16defence n辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守defend vt.保护17economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的economy n经济18poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n毒物，毒药poisonous adj.有毒的19chemical n化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的chemistry n

25、化学20consequence n结果，后果；重要性consequent adj.随之而来的consequently adv.结果21further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进far adj.&adv.远的furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的/地farther adj.& adv.更远的/地答案第7页，共7页重点短语1in turn 相应地，转而2break down 使分解(为)，使变化(成)3breathe life into给带来起色，注入活力4due to由于，因为5build up逐渐增加，扩大6cut down

26、砍倒7at least 至少8in danger of处于的危险中9come up with 想出，想到10call for (公开)要求；需要11spring to mind 突然记起(或想到)12get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉13give rise to 使发生(或存在)14leave out 漏掉15take part in 参加16divide.into. 把分成17sign up 报名18in defence of 为了保护19point out 指出20be concerned about 担心21search for 寻找22hand in hand 手拉手1harmed

27、【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工厂工人的听力受到高分贝噪音的伤害。此处为have sth. done结构，过去分词作宾补。故填harmed。2told【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：除非被告知，否则不要进入办公室。分析句子可知，这里考查状语从句的省略，补充完整从句为unless you are told to，当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。故填told。3entirely【详解】考查副词。句意：不过，这个地方并不完全真实。与普通的巴黎公寓不同，管道系统工作正常。此处修饰形容词authentic，应用副词，作状语。故填entirely。4gl

28、obal【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个动物保护组织呼吁在全球范围内禁止捕鲸。形容词修饰名词ban作定语，globe形容词是global，故填global。5Economic【详解】考查形容词。句意：6月份经济增长急剧减速。此处修饰名词growth，应用形容词economic“经济的”，作定语。故填Economic。6length【详解】考查名词。句意：所需时间的长短与工作量有密切的关系。根据定冠词The可知，此处应用名词length(不可数) 作主语。故填length。7various【详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，当我们感到悲伤或孤独时，我们都会经历各种各样的时期。根据句意，提示词作定语

29、修饰名词periods，应用其同根形容词various，意为“各种各样的”。故填various。8organization【详解】考查词形转换。句意：虽然他愿意参加会议并发言，但他不想参加会议的组织。organization“组织”，名词作宾语,根据句意用单数。故填organization。9application【详解】考查名词。句意：我真诚地希望我的申请能获得你的批准。根据前面的my可知，横线上填一个名词作宾语，apply的名词形式为application“正式申请，书面申请”符合题意，application是可数名词，这里特指的是我的申请，用单数形式即可。故填application。10

30、to【详解】考查固定短语。句意：由于主席缺席，会议推迟了。根据句意和空格前的due可知，该题是考查固定短语due to（由于）。故填to。11farther#further【详解】考查副词比较级。句意：你能站得再远一点吗？根据句意和句中“a bit”可知，空格处应用比较级，“far”，意为“远”，副词词性，作状语，比较级为“farther”或“further”，都可以用来表示距离上更远。故填farther/further。12disappears【详解】考查时态。句意：太阳在冬天比夏天消失得快得多。设空在句中做谓语，主语为第三人称单数形式，在陈述事实用一般现在时，故用disappears。13

31、consequence【详解】考查名词。句意：因此，北极熊的数量越来越少。名词consequence作宾语，as a consequence (因此)。故填consequence。14survived【详解】考查时态。句意：这个十岁的女孩是这次灾难中仅有的三个幸存下来的孩子之一。分析句子可知，设空在从句中做谓语，且与主句时态一致，应用一般过去时。故填survived。15survivors【详解】考查名词。句意：几名事故幸存者在震惊中被送往医院。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作主语，“survive”意为“幸存”，动词词性，根据句意可知，应用“survivor”，意为“幸存者”，为可数名词，“

32、Several”后接可数名词复数，“survivor”的复数形式为“survivors”。故填survivors。16with【详解】考查介词。句意：我们不能提出任何新的建议。根据句子成分分析，此处与come up一起构成动词短语，根据后面的suggestions可知，这里表示“提出”的意思，come up with“提出，想出”。故填with。17is damaged【详解】考查动词语态。句意：没有氧气，大脑很快就会受损。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语与damage是逻辑动宾关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填is damaged。18a【详解】考查冠词。句意：将受到拟议

33、改革影响的人们上周举行了抗议。make a protst意为“提出抗议”，固定搭配。故填a。19chemicals【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他解释了我们的基本任务，拖拉机发动起来，我们就出发了，沿着田野寻找可以喷洒化学药剂的杂草。chemical 当“化学品”讲是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指。故填chemicals。20were【详解】考查动词时态。句意：负责作出这一决定的委员会将重新考虑它。分析句子可知，句中who引导的是定语从句，设空处应该填写的是定语从句的谓语动词。从句中who指代的committee，意为“委员会成员们”，为复数意义，同时表述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故填

34、were。21breathed【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：工厂里的空气污染严重。如果被吸入，它可能会导致疾病甚至死亡。此处是if引导的条件状语从句的省略，从句主语是it（指代air），和动词breathe之间是被动关系，故完整形式为If it is breathed in，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略。故填breathed。22down【详解】考查动词短语。句意：彼得的身体垮了，他一年都不能工作。根据“he was unable to work to a year”可知，彼得的身体垮了，应用动词短语break down“发生故障”，引申为

35、身体垮掉了。故填down。23profit#be profited【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你听我的劝告，你会受益的。分析句意可知，本句是一般将来时，所以will+动词原形，表示“获益”用profit，该词也可表示“受益于”，此时profit和主语you之间为被动关系，一般将来时的被动语态。故填profit或be profited。24official【详解】考查名词。句意：公共官员向人们索要礼物或金钱以换取对他们的帮助是非法的。根据前面的public可知，后面需要用一个名词，再根据后面的“ask people for gifts or money”可知，这里说的是“官员”， officia

36、l“官员”。故填official。25disappeared【详解】考查动词。句意：男孩飞快地跑开了，很快就不见了.分析句子，设空处应该填写动词作谓语。设空处与前面的ran构成并列结构，故设空处应该使用一般过去时。根据句意，此处表示“消失”。故填disappeared。26doing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当正在家里做作业的时候，我听到有人叫我的名字。设空处与while构成的是状语从句的省略即：主句的主语与从句的主语一致，且从句是主语加be doing，可以将主语和be省略，补全整个句子为while I was doing my homework at home。此处do与主句的主语I之

37、间是主动关系且表示正在进行。故填doing。27defence【详解】考查名词。句意：这座纪念碑是为了纪念那些为保卫国家而牺牲的战士们。短语in defence of表示“保卫”。故填defence。28poisoning【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那个残忍的男人在他妻子的咖啡里下毒，杀死了她。作介词的宾语，poison应用动名词形式。故填poisoning。29living【详解】考查形容词。句意：昨天，我们参观了珊瑚礁，探索了海洋生物。设空处在the和名词organisms之间，应用形容词修饰名词。live的形容词为living，意为“活着的”，作前置定语。故填living。30mass

38、ive【详解】考查形容词。句意：战争期间有大规模的空袭。根据空格后的名词短语air attacks可知，此处应用mass的形容词形式massive修饰名词，作定语。故填massive。31committee【详解】考查名词。句意：委员会担心球员的行为，尤其是与裁判的争吵。句中用名词作主语。根据汉语提示及句意，故填committee。32damages【详解】考查动词。句意：消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是self-talk，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填damages。33organization#

39、organisation【详解】考查名词。句意：这个组织提供了实际的帮助来处理文书工作。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词organization/organisation (组织)作主语，且谓语为offers，三人称单数形式，故应用单数名词作主语，故填organization/organisation。34economic【详解】考查形容词。句意：根据该报告，经济增长有所放缓。经济的应使用形容词“economic”在句中修饰名词growth作定语，故填economic。35consequence#result【详解】考查名词。句意：结果他得了重感冒。根据汉语提示可知应填名词result或cons

40、equence，作主语，结合was可知为单数。故填consequence/result。36various【详解】考查形容词。句意：在展会上，各种剪纸供您选择。根据汉语提示可知应填形容词various，作定语。故填various。37entirely【详解】考查副词。句意：你说我们应该感谢父母和老师。我完全同意你的看法。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰后面动词，再根据中文提示和句意可知，应填entirely，在本句中作状语。故填entirely。38survive【详解】考查动词。句意：这些植物不能在非常寒冷的条件下活下去。根据汉语提示“活下去”可知，空格处涉及单词“survive”，意为“活下

41、去，存活”，动词词性，“cannot”为情态动词“can”的否定形式，后接动词原形，故空格处应用“survive”的原形。故填survive。39application【详解】考查名词作定语。句意：你填好护照申请表了吗? 根据句意及汉语提示，可知为application；设空处后为名词，application form(申请表，申请书)，可知，设空处应用名词的形式作定语，作定语用名词单数，故填application。40official【详解】考查形容词。句意：普通话是中国的官方语言，在世界范围内越来越受欢迎。根据语境，普通话是中国的官方语言，表示“官方的”应用official，作定语，故填o

42、fficial。41medals【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他获得三枚金牌的消息使我们大家都很兴奋。won是及物动词，后接名词作宾语；medal是可数名词，其前有数词three修饰时要用复数形式。故填medals.42accompanied【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：儿童只有在成人陪同下才能进入。由汉语提示“陪伴”可知，空格处填动词accompany。分析句子结构，此处考查状语从句的省略，完整句子为“Children are admitted only if children are accompanied by an adult.”，从句动词are accompanied和主句动词are admitted是同一个主语且含有be动词，可省略从句的主语和be动词，即accompanied。故答案为accompanied。43residents【详解】考查名词。句意：当地居民要求对事故进行公开调查。根据句意和汉语提示可知，应使用名词resident作主语，结合系动词are可知，主语为复数名词。故填residents。44profit【详解】考查名词。句意：电影院和溜冰场吸引了顾客和利润。根据汉语提示可知应填名词profit，作宾语。故填profit。45disappea