《英语句子成分及基本结构》课件.pptx

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1、PowerPointpresentationonEnglishsentencecomponIntroductionEnglishpresencecomponentsBasicSentencePatternsEnglishcompoundsensesAnalysisofEnglishLongSentencesPracticeandconsolidationcontents目录Introduction01ThiscoursewillprovideanoverviewofEnglishpresencecomponentsandbasicstructuresYouwilllearnaboutthedi

2、fferenttypesofpresence,presenceelements,andpresencepatternsusedinEnglishCourseOverviewBytheendofthiscourse,youwillbeabletoidentifyandanalyzethedifferentpresencecomponentsandstructures,constructcoherentandgraphicallycorrectsenses,andapplytheseskillsinyourdailycommunicationandwritingCourseObjectivesCo

3、urseIntroductionLearningobjectivesUnderstandpresencecomponents:Youwilllearnaboutthedifferentpresencecomponentssuchassubject,predicate,object,completion,andadjustmentsIdentifyattentiontypes:Youwillidentifyandclassifyattentionbasedontheirstructureandfunction,includingsimpleattention,compoundattention,

4、complexattention,andcompoundcompoundattentionConstructcoherentintentions:YouwilllearntoconstructcoherentandgraphicallycorrectintentionsbyusingappropriateconnectorsandtransitionwordsApplyskillsincommunicationandwriting:Youwillapplytheknowledgegainedinthiscoursetoimproveyourcommunicationandwritingskil

5、lsinEnglishEnglishpresencecomponents02SubjectThemainnounornounphraseinasentence,representingtheobjectdescribedinthesentence.SummarywordInasentence,thesubjectistheobjectofstatement,usuallyappearingatthebeginningofthesentence,andisrepresentedbyanoun,pronoun,ornounphrase.Thesubjectrepresentstheobjectde

6、scribedinthesentenceandisanimportantcomponentofthesentence.DetaileddescriptionSummarywordThecomponentinasentencethatdescribesthesubjectsactionorstate.DetaileddescriptionApredicateisacomponentinasentencethatdescribesthesubjectsactionorstate,usuallyacteduponbyaverborverbphrase.Thepredicateisthecoreofa

7、sentence,representingtheactionorstateofthesubject,andisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthesentence.PredictSummarywordAnounornounphraseinasentencethatacceptsanactionoraction.DetaileddescriptionTheobjectisanounornounphraseinasentencethatacceptsanactionoraction,usuallyappearingafterthepredicate.Theobjectre

8、presentstheobjectinvolvedintheactionandisanimportantcomponentofasentence.ObjectSummarywordswordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,adverbs,ortheentiresentence.要点一要点二DetaileddescriptionAdverbialsarewordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,adverbs,ortheentiresentence,usuallyusedtoindicatetime,place,manner,degree,etc.A

9、dverbialscanenhancetheexpressioneffectofasentence,makingitmorerichandspecific.Advisorywordsthatsupplementthesubjectorobject.SummarywordsAcomplementisawordthatsupplementsthesubjectorobject,usuallyservedbyadjectives,nouns,gerunds,etc.Complementarylanguagecanfurtherexplainthecharacteristicsoridentityof

10、thesubjectorobject,makingthemeaningofthesentencemorecompleteandclear.DetaileddescriptionCompletionBasicSentencePatterns03ConclusionThesubject+predicatestructureisthemostbasicsentencestructurethatexpressescompletethoughts.DetaileddescriptionInthisstructure,thesubjectisthemainnounorpronouninthesentenc

11、e,andthepredicateisthedescriptionoractionofthesubject,formingthecoreofthesentence.Forexample,JohnstudiesEnglish.Subject+predictThesubject+predicate+objectstructuremakesthesentencemorecompleteandthedescriptionmorespecific.SummarywordsInthisstructure,inadditiontothesubjectandpredicate,thereisalsoanobj

12、ectthatrepresentstherecipientoftheaction.Forexample,Johnreadsabook.DetaileddescriptionSubject+predict+objectSummaryInthisstructure,thesentencecontainstwoobjects,anindirectobjectandadirectobject,makingthesentencemorecomplex.DetaileddescriptionIndirectobjectsusuallyindicatebeneficiaries,whiledirectobj

13、ectsindicaterecipientsofactions.Forexample,Johngavethebooktohisfriend.Subject+predict+directobject+directobjectVSInthisstructure,thesentencecontainsanobjectandacomplement,whichsupplementsandexplainstheobject.DetaileddescriptionComplementarylanguagecanbeanexplanation,description,orsupplementaryinform

14、ationabouttheobject.Forexample,Johnconsideredthebooktobeveryinteresting.SummarywordSubject+predict+object+completionSummarywordInthisstructure,thesentencecontainsanadverbialtodescribethetime,place,andmannerinwhichtheactionoccurred.DetaileddescriptionAdverbialscanbeplacedatthebeginning,middle,orendof

15、asentencetoprovidemorebackgroundinformationordetails.Forexample,Yesterday,JohnstudiedEnglishforthreehours.Subject+predict+advisoryEnglishcompoundsenses04ExampleJohnwettothestoreandbulkysomecrops.StructureSubject+Verb+Element(optional)+(Junction)+Subject+Verb+Element(optional)CompoundpresenceApresenc

16、ethatconsistencyoftwoormoreindependentclaimsthatarejoinedtogetherwithoutanypunctationCompoundpresence SubordinatepresenceSubordinatepresenceApresencethatcontainsadependentclausethatcannotstandaloneasacompletepresenceExampleWhenthesunrises,thebirdsbegintosing.StructureDependentclause(commonlyintroduc

17、edbyasubcoordinatingconnection)+IndependentclauseCoordinatesubborderpresenceApresencethatcontainstwoormoresubborderclausesthatarejoinedtogetherwithacoordinatingconnectionandfunctionasseparateindependentclausesExampleAlthoughtheweatherwasbad,westilldecidedtogoonthepicnic.StructureSubordinateclause1(i

18、ntroducedbysubcoordinatingjunction)+Coordinatingjunction+Subordinateclause2(independentclause)CoordinatesubborderpresenceAnalysisofEnglishLongSentences05VerbTheactionorstate,e.g.,readsinJohnreadsbooks.SubjectThepersonorthingperformingtheaction,e.g.,JohninJohnreadsbooks.ObjectThepersonorthingaffected

19、bytheaction,e.g.,booksinJohnreadsbooks.Identifythemaincomponentssuchassubject,verb,objectAgroupofwordsthatcontainsasubjectandaverb,e.g.,JohnreadsbooksisaclauseAwordorgroupofwordsthatmodifiesanoun,verb,orobjective,e.g.,quicklyinJohnreadsbooksquickly.IdentifyingclausesandmodifiersModifierClauseContain

20、sasubjectandaverb,e.g.,Johnreadsbooks.SimpleSentenceContainstwoormoresimplesensesjoinedbyacoordinatingconnection,e.g.,Johnreadsbooks,andJanewritesstories.CompoundSentenceContainsadependentclause,e.g.,John,whoisavoraciousreader,readsbooksallthetime.ComplexSentenceContainsbothadependentandindependentc

21、lause,e.g.,John,whoisavoraciousreader,readsbooksallthetime,whilehiswifewritesstories.CompoundComplexSentenceDividepresencelevelsandunderstandinglogicalrelationshipsPracticeandconsolidation06ChoosethecorrectsentencecomponentsDesignaseriesofsentencesthatallowstudentstochoosethecorrectnouns,verbs,adjec

22、tives,oradverbs.IdentifysentencestructureProvidesentenceswithdifferentstructures,allowingstudentstodeterminewhethertheyaresimplesentences,compoundsentences,orcompoundsentences.MultiplechoiceexercisesProvideEnglishsentencesandaskstudentstotranslatethemintoChinese.EnglishtoChinesetranslationProvideChi

23、nesesentencesandaskstudentstotranslatethemintoEnglish.TranslatefromChinesetoEnglishTranslationexercisesLongpresenceanalysisexerciseSelectacomplexlongsentenceandhavestudentsanalyzeitssubject,predicate,object,andothercomponents,aswellasthetypesandfunctionsofclauses.LongsentencestructureanalysisHavestudentsrewriteagivenlongsentencetosimplifythestructureorchangethetone.LongsentencerewritingTHANKS感谢观看