浅析当代中西方婚俗文化的差异及原因 定稿.doc

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1、ContentsChinese Abstract2English Abstract31. Introduction51.1 Definition of Related Important Concepts51.2 The Significance of the Research62. Literature Review62.1 Chinese Marriage Customs62.2 Western Marriage Customs83. The Differences Between Chinese and Western Marriage Culture93.1 Premarital Pr

2、eparation93.2 Wedding Process104. Reasons for the Differences Above134.1 Philosophic Views134.2 Religious Beliefs144.3 Economic System145. Conclusion15References17浅析当代中西方婚俗文化的差异及原因 摘 要文化作为一种历史现象，包括信仰、价值观、风俗、社会体系等，其发展具有继承性、阶级性、民族性和地域性。婚俗作为传统文化的重要组成部分，随着时间的推移，受不同文化和地域的影响，逐渐形成自己的特色。在全球化成为必然趋势的大环境下，各国之间

3、的文化交流日益频繁。中国逐渐被世界了解的同时，也经受着外来文化的冲击。中西方不断碰撞、融合，婚俗文化也必然经历不断的变化。现代中西方婚礼上相同的因素越来越多，差异与导致差异的因素也与以往不同。本文以当代中西方婚俗文化为研究对象，从中西方婚礼前的准备与婚礼仪式两大方面的不同，研究中西方婚俗文化之间的差异，以及产生这种差异的原因。婚俗作为传统文化的体现，在差异的现象背后蕴含着深刻的文化背景。本文旨在使读者可以更好地了解中西婚俗文化，加深对中西文化差异的认识，为更好的跨文化交流打下基础。关键词：中国婚俗文化；西方婚俗文化；差异；原因A Brief Analysis of the Difference

4、s Between Contemporary Chinese and Western Wedding Customs and the Reasons BehindAbstractAs a historical phenomenon, culture includes beliefs, values, customs and social systems and so on, and its development is characterized by inheritance, class, nationality and region. Being an important part of

5、traditional culture, marriage customs have gradually formed their own characteristics with the passage of time, and influence of different cultures and regions.Under the inevitable trend of globalization, cultural exchanges between countries are increasingly frequent. As China is gradually known to

6、the world, it is also experiencing the impact of foreign cultures. With the constant cultural collision and integration between China and the west, the marriage culture of each country is bound to experience constant changes. There are more and more similar factors in modern Chinese and western wedd

7、ings. Differences and the factors that cause these differences are also different.This paper takes the contemporary Chinese and western marriage custom culture as the research object. It studies the differences between Chinese and western wedding preparation and wedding ceremony, and the reasons for

8、 the differences. As the embodiment of traditional culture, marriage customs contain profound cultural background behind the phenomenon of differences. This paper is aimed to help readers better understand the marriage culture of China and the west, deepen their understanding of the cultural differe

9、nces between China and the west, and lay a good foundation for better cross-cultural communication.Key words: Chinese marriage culture; Western marriage culture; differences; reasons1. Introduction China, an ancient civilized country with a history of more than 5,000 years, its marriage custom cultu

10、re plays an important role in the traditional culture. “Eating and dressing, the admiration between men and women, are the two biggest and most basic desires among human”, argued Mencius, one of the most important Confucian philosophers in the ancient China (杨伯峻，2008：22). That is, the ancients put m

11、arriage and diet in comparable position, as the two major human must-do. They believe that marriage is the top priority for human survival and reproduction. Therefore, as an important ceremony to enter the marriage, the wedding also has an irreplaceable position and influence in the national culture

12、.1.1 Definition of Related Important Concepts1.1.1 Marriage Customs and Marriage Custom CultureMarriage customs, that is, marriage etiquette, are important etiquette customs that are felt in life during the multiplication and development of human life. Marriage as a folk phenomenon includes two aspe

13、cts: marriage form and marriage etiquette. The marriage etiquette is held on the premise of the marriage relationship recognized by the society, and it is the recognition of the marriage relationship by the people. The form of marriage differs due to differences in the pre-marital relationship, mati

14、ng conditions, residence after marriage, and all rights and obligations of the man and the woman. Different forms of marriage form differences in etiquette and customs in the process of marriage (夏征农, 陈至立, 2012).The so-called marriage custom refers to the cultural phenomenon formed around the love a

15、nd marriage of people. Marriage custom culture is not only a part of human civilization and human culture, but also a link and a special form in the development chain of human civilization and human culture. After long-term development and inheritance, and after the changes of the times, marriage cu

16、stoms culture has been rooted in various national cultures as a unique cultural phenomenon. The research on the marriage customs culture has profound and far-reaching significance for understanding the development of the entire nation.1.1.2 Signification of “Chinese” and “the Westerns”There is no do

17、ubt that the Chinese marriage culture in this paper only refers to the marriage culture and phenomenon existing in all regions and ethnic groups of China. The opposite “West” is not the geographical “West” country opposite to Chinas “East”. When we compare the marriage custom culture of Chinese styl

18、e and Western style, it refers to the western countries divided according to the cultural background and political system.In terms of cultural background, China mostly believes in Confucianism, while western countries mostly believe in Christianity. In terms of political system, western countries co

19、nsider themselves to implement democratic system. According to the traditional division, Russia and Japan are two special powers. Russia belongs to the branch of western culture in cultural background, but because of its political system, it has not been recognized by western countries. Although Jap

20、an belongs to the East geographically, it is also considered as a western country because of its capitalist political system. Such special circumstances are not included in the discussion in this paper, that is, the western marriage culture discussed in this paper is widely accepted by the public in

21、 the traditional sense, such as the marriage culture in the United States, Britain, France and other European countries.1.2 The Significance of the ResearchExisting research on Chinese and Western marriage customs still has certain limitations. Some researchers have only conducted relevant researche

22、s on the study of marriage customs and etiquette culture in a representative region, or only selected one aspect of Chinese and Western marriage customs culture such as ceremony, dress, color and other in-depth analysis and research. Few of these studies comprehensively compare the differences betwe

23、en Chinese and Western marriage cultures and the reasons behind. In order to explore the reasons behind it, this article will comprehensively elaborate and compare the preparations before the wedding, the wedding ceremony and the wedding custom culture after the wedding, and analyze the similarities

24、 and differences reflected in them and the reasons, which have important practical research significance. Its hoped that the readers can understand the marriage culture of China and the west better, lay a good foundation for future cross-cultural communication.2. Literature Review2.1 Chinese Marriag

25、e CustomsMarriage is a very important link in the life path. As a country of rites and ceremonies, China has had many rituals and procedures for the confirmation of marriage relationship since ancient times (庄雯莎, 2017).In marriage custom culture, the role of traditional culture can not be ignored (曹

26、萍, 2017). Choosing a spouse in ancient China is generally not something that you can choose and decide. Its about the fate of your parents, the advice of the matchmaker, and its better to choose the other half in a marriage between families of equal social rank. In China, it is necessary for the par

27、ents of the man to find the matchmaker, and then explain the requirements and family conditions of the man to the matchmaker, so that the matchmaker can match the right object for the man according to the requirements of the man and recommend it to the womans family. This process is a meeting of bot

28、h parents, not involving the couple getting married. The two families will give each other tokens of their engagement if they think it s right for each other.Ceremony is an indispensable part of a wedding (王敏, 2019). An important ceremony during ancient Chinese weddings is “the three worships”. At t

29、he beginning of the three bows, people usually light candles, set off firecrackers and play music. At this time, the bride and groom walk into the room together and stand in front of the males parents for the three bows ceremony. Firstly, they bow to the sky and the ground, which represents the wors

30、hip of gods. Then they bow to parents of groom, which is the embodiment of filial piety valued by Chinese people. Finally, the bride and groom bow to each other, which means that husband and wife should respect each other as guests. After the wedding ceremony, the bride will be sent to the bridal ch

31、amber to wait for the groom. The bridegroom will go to the banquet to receive the blessings of other relatives and friends, and propose a toast to them.In May 1950, the marriage law was promulgated, which announced the abolition of the feudal arranged marriages, which formed a wave of anti-feudal ma

32、rriages throughout the country. During the 17 years since the founding of New China to the beginning of the “Cultural Revolution”, the marriage customs focused on political factors and political elements. The establishment of a new society has undergone corresponding reforms and changes in the marri

33、age customs, eliminating the red tape of traditional weddings and simplifying the wedding ceremony. Since the reform and opening-up policy, China has undergone tremendous changes, and marriage customs have also undergone unprecedented changes. In the view of spouse-selection, political factors are n

34、o longer the top priority, and economic, educational, and cultural factors are gradually placed in an important position. Paying attention to the personality, character and hobbies of each other has become an important part of peoples spouse selection (徐安琪, 2000). Folk songs such as “Girls love hero

35、es in the 1950s and cadres in the 1960s, then they love workers and peasants in the 1970s and love scholars in the 1980s, while girls in the 1990s love sugar daddy” are popular in Shanghai, which vividly reflects the changes in the spouse selection standards of young women in big cities since the fo

36、unding of the Peoples Republic of China (邓伟志 & 胡申生, 2007).Contemporary Chinese marriage and love customs are diverse and inclusive, and freedom of marriage and love has become a major feature of the transformation of marriage customs in New China, whether it is from spouse selection, love, engagemen

37、t, marriage, or divorce. Many modern factors have also been added to the marriage customs. Newspapers and televisions began to publish advertisements for marriage quotations (薛颖旦, 1998). In the early 1990s, Beijing TV launched the first TV program designed specifically for marriage hiring. At the sa

38、me time, marriage agencies began to spread all over the major cities, becoming the new fashion of marriage at that time (刘新平, 2001). After entering the 21st century, with the opening of ideas and the rapid development of science and technology, fraternity clubs, blind date clubs, dating software, et

39、c. have provided young men and women with more ways and opportunities to meet and fall in love.2.2 Western Marriage CustomsCompared with China, westerners choose their spouses more freely. The freedom of love is advocated in the West. The choice of spouse and marriage in the West are based on love.

40、The western marriage ethics originated from the integration of Greek culture and Hebrew Christian culture, which developed into the modern ethical relationship of free love. Therefore, no matter the birth, family, age, social status and other factors of each other, the two sides in love start to com

41、municate as long as they like each other (黄玟, 2019). In western countries, marriage pays more attention to the maximum display of ones free will, which is completely selected according to ones real yearning. Two people meet to know each other, attract each other, pursue each other, and cling to each

42、 other until they are inseparable. Therefore, they are willing to give themselves to each other and form a family together under a mutually committed marriage. They are eager to pay for love and sacrifice for marriage.Western countries are mainly Christian, so most weddings in western countries are

43、held in churches. The person who presides over the wedding is usually a priest. The important ceremony of the wedding is to swear and exchange wedding rings. The wedding is in the form of Question & Answer. The priest will say the words to the bride and groom, “Do you want this man (woman) to become

44、 your husband (wife) to marry him? Love him or her, take care of him or her, respect him or her, accept him or her, and remain faithful to him or her until the end of his or her life, for sickness or health or for any other reason?” If both sides answer “Yes, I do”, they can exchange wedding rings a

45、nd the groom can kiss the bride. In fact, in the Christian concept, marriage is a gift from God, so their marriage is unconditional commitment to each other, not based on reciprocity. And in Encyclopedia Britannica, marriage is defined as “the legal union of a man and wife, and in some jurisdictions

46、 between two persons of the same sex, usually entailing legal obligations of each person to the other” (2003). Different from the bustle of Chinese weddings, the western wedding ceremony is more solemn and quiet. On the wedding day, the wedding march played by the church is soft and peaceful. When t

47、he music comes on, the whole church is very quiet. No sound can be heard except music. The wedding is going on in a special solemn atmosphere. In western countries, the result of love between young men and women love is to get married. The purpose of their marriage is to keep the two sides together

48、forever and to live a better life together. Therefore, when choosing a marriage partner, most Westerners pay more attention to the feelings of both sides rather than the family interests.Compared with the young people in China, the young people in western countries are more willing to express their

49、true ideas and show themselves in social occasions. They dont need parents or matchmakers. They are more inclined to meet new lovers in their study, life and work, such as high school students clubs or summer camp activities, college students fraternities, large parties, etc. Due to the different development speed of technology, social network and mobile chat software have become one of their impor