矿泉水瓶旋盖机设计.doc
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1、学士学位论文学士学位毕业论文目 录中文摘要Abstract第一章 绪论11.1设计题目背景11.2研究意义11.3国内外相关情况2第二章42.1总体方案设计42.1.1设计任务分析42.1.2功能分析42.1.3执行机构方案简图42.2执行系统的设计42.2.1旋盖头的设计42.2.2主轴的设计42.3传动系统的设计及计算62.3.1电机的选择62.3.2传动比分配62.3.3各轴转速、功率及转矩的设计计算62.4各传动零件的设计及计算82.4.1圆锥齿轮82.4.2带传动82.4.3主轴82.4.4圆柱齿轮82.4.5轴承的选择8致谢29结论31参考文献32摘要中文摘要关键词 旋盖机、旋盖、
2、输送、回转旋盖机是工厂自动灌装生产流水线的主要生产设备之一,常用于玻璃瓶或含有聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的瓶子(简称PET瓶)的螺纹盖封口。随着社会的不断发展繁荣和人民生活水平的提高,产品的包装质量也应该随着人们的需求进一步提高。由于螺纹盖具有封瓶迅速快捷,开启方便及开盖后又可重新拧好等优势,使其在许多产品包装的应用中越来越受到欢迎,例如酒水饮料,调味品,罐头,油桶封口及药品等瓶类包装的封口就基本上很大程度采用螺纹盖进行封口。目前国内工厂现存的同类包装机型的旋盖速度,产能和电气自动化程度都相对落后。为了适应现代包装机械的特点:高速,高效、高可靠性。国内研制了各种回转式旋盖机,采用直列式灌装结构,多工
3、位回转结构,旋转式结构等等,机电气一体化,具有高效率,快速度,强稳定性和完整的自动化程度等优势。回转式旋盖机适合用在有螺纹的窄口瓶盖或者广口瓶盖与瓶的旋盖,目前市场上现有的回转式旋盖机大多数是需要人工监护完成的,目的是为了避免中途传送发生堵塞,但正因如此导致生产效率不是特别高,无形中加大了工作强度,而且生产时人工操作,在机器高速旋转下会有一定的危险,本设计为自动理盖但为了满足设计要求采用了单工位旋盖,只配备了一个旋盖头。本篇文章大致叙述了本课题的研究背景和选题意义,介绍了国内和国外矿泉水瓶旋盖机的发展现状,详细的讨论了本次毕业设计的研究内容及方法。本次设计的重点由旋盖机的总体设计方案布局、旋盖
4、机的旋盖封口过程、进瓶出瓶的输送方式以及定位方法组成,在此基础上进行了运动过程的计算和结构尺寸的设计。本次设计采用的机电模式是回转式的,与直列灌装不同,本机是通过圆柱凸轮的轮廓线来实现旋盖头的上下往复运动的,轮廓线的长度即为旋盖头上升下降过程的行程。并且通过大小锥齿轮组成的二级减速装置来传递和主轴之间的转矩;而且在满足机械原理的条件下,充分考虑了整机的结构布局和经济合理性,使得该机同时具有结构简单、造价低廉、原材料便利、无废气污染、噪声小的特点。AbstractCapping machine is one of the main production equipment of the auto
5、matic filling production line in the factory. It is often used for sealing the screw caps of glass bottles or bottles containing polyethylene terephthalate (PET). With the continuous development and prosperity of society and the improvement of peoples living standards, the quality of packaging produ
6、cts should also be further improved with peoples demand. Because the screw cap has the advantages of sealing the bottle quickly, easy to open and can be re-screwed after opening the cap, it has become more and more popular in many product packaging applications, such as drinks and drinks, condiments
7、, cans, oil barrels and drugs, etc., the screw cap is basically largely used for sealing the bottle packaging. At present, the capping speed, production capacity and electrical automation of the same type of packaging models in domestic factories are relatively backward. In order to adapt to the cha
8、racteristics of modern packaging machinery: high speed, high efficiency, high reliability. Domestic development of a variety of rotary capping machine, the use of in-line filling structure, multi - station rotary structure, rotary structure, mechanical and electrical integration, with high efficienc
9、y, fast speed, strong stability and complete degree of automation and other advantages.Rotary screw cap machine is suitable for use in a narrow mouth of the threaded cap or jar, cap and bottle cap unscrewing, existing rotary screw cap machine on the market at present most is the need for manual moni
10、toring, the purpose is to avoid midway transmission congestion, but it is for this reason lead to the production efficiency is not particularly high, virtually increased the intensity of work, and production of artificial operation, the machine under the high speed rotating will have certain risk, t
11、his design but in order to meet the design requirements for automatic cover adopted single screw cap, only equipped with a screw LIDS.This paper describes the research background and significance of the topic, introduces the development status of the capping machine for mineral water bottles at home
12、 and abroad, and discusses the research contents and methods of this graduation project in detail. The design focuses on the overall design of capping machine layout, capping machine capping sealing process, bottle in and out of the bottle transport mode and positioning method, based on which the mo
13、vement process calculation and structure size design. The mechanical and electrical mode adopted in this design is rotary, different from the in-line filling, the machine is through the cylindrical CAM contour line to achieve up and down reciprocating movement of the rotary cap, the length of the co
14、ntour line is the swing of the rotary cap up and down the process. And through the size of bevel gear composed of double reduction device to transfer the torque between the spindle and; Moreover, under the condition of satisfying the mechanical principle, the structure layout and economic rationalit
15、y of the whole machine are fully considered, so that the machine has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, convenient raw materials, no waste gas pollution and low noise.第一章 绪论第一章 绪论1.1 设计题目背景旋开螺纹盖是一种密封性能高、安全可靠、开启便利、可重新拧好封口的包装盖 ,广泛应用于各种酒水、饮料、果汁、调味酱、罐头食品和婴儿奶粉等瓶装食品包装中。目前市场上普遍使用的螺纹盖直径范围约为
16、30 65mm,有三爪、四爪等结构 ,也称三爪螺纹盖、四爪螺纹盖 ,一些高端型号还配备了真空度检测和防撞开口结构。如图1所示,目前国内广泛使用的广口瓶旋盖机与普通的螺纹口容器旋盖机的工作原理大致相同,主要由进瓶拨轮、中心拨轮、出瓶拨轮、圆柱凸轮、旋盖头等机构组成。在工艺过程中,装好液体的矿泉水瓶经输送带等距传送到进瓶拨轮的第一工位处,在进瓶拨轮旋转的同时,取盖盘上的瓶盖也被从释放装置中取出等待上盖,当旋转到对应位置上时,盖子倾斜着被瓶口钩住并带走,之后进瓶拨轮继续旋转至与中心拨轮的工位交接处,此时中心旋盖头应下降到瓶盖的正上方,并抓住瓶盖迅速旋转,旋转3圈之后电磁离合器起作用,旋盖头的爪子分开
17、,旋盖头在凸轮的作用下迅速上升,随后旋盖头在顶部短暂停留等待下一个瓶子转到工位交接处。 1.2 研究意义包装机械为包装行业提供机械设备,影响技术水平和产品等级的各种包装产品行业,并限制了包装行业的发展速度。我国包装机械行业长期以来非常弱势,规模和水平都很低,导致我国包装产业和工业发展十分缓慢。我国包装机械行业在历经了20世纪70年代和80年代的起步和发展,进入了90年代由于人们对包装产品的强烈需求而实现了直线上升式的高速发展,但是由于观念较为落后,设备较外国简单,科技也相对不先进,所以至少20年的时间我国包装机械行业是无法追上发达国家的水平的。国内目前需求量的60%都依赖于进口,尤其是高技术含
18、量的装备更是大量从外国进口。1.3 国内外相关情况国内现状:目前国内广泛使用的旋盖机大多数为直列式灌装旋盖机 ,利用瓶口悬挂瓶盖 ,经定位、预密封后,将瓶盖置于瓶口正上方,最后利用皮带和瓶盖顶部的摩擦将瓶盖进行拧紧。该机结构紧凑 ,旋盖机构简单。但在使用实践中 ,由于减小了输送带的摩擦力矩,使小直径的瓶盖在输送带难以高速上紧。由于直线式旋盖机是单通道式旋盖 ,其生产能力受到限制 ,一般最高生产速度为 180 240瓶 /min左右。国外现状:饮料填充通常包括瓶子清洁、填充、限制( 也称封盖) 等三道工序。国外许多灌装机一般都是在一台机器上完成这三道工序,又称三合一灌装机。其中旋盖过程是三合一灌
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