南京市【高考英语词汇词性转换】.pdf

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1、1【高考英语词汇词性转换】高中文科理科新版高考中考学霸笔记资【高考英语词汇词性转换】高中文科理科新版高考中考学霸笔记资料料第一组：第一组：1.ability(n.)能力；才能-able(a.)-unable(a.)disability(n.)disabled(a.)be able to do=be capable of doing 2.absence(n.)缺席；不在-absent(a.)-present(a.)presence(n.)be absent from;be present at3.absolute(a.)绝对的；完全的-absolutely(adv.)4.abundant(a.)

2、丰富的；充裕的-abundance(n.)be abundant in 5.academic(a.)学院的，理论的(n.)大学教师-academy(n.)学院6.accept(v.)接受-acceptable(a.)可接受的 -refuse(opp.)拒绝7.access(n.)通路，入门；（v.）接近；存取 -accessible(a.)have access to（to 为介词）可以使用；可以接触8.accurate(a.)正确的，精确的-accuracy(n.)accurately(adv.)-(opp.)inaccurate 不准确9.achieve(v.)取得，达到-achievem

3、ent(n.)10.acquire(v.)获得，学到-acquisition(n.)11.act(n.)法令，条例；（v.）表演；行动-action(n.)active(a.)主动的 inactive(a.)actively(adv.)activity(n.)活动 -passive(a.)被动的 -actor(n.)actress(n.)12.actual(a.)实际的；现实的actually(adv.)=as a matter of fact 13.adapt(v.)使适应；改编-adaptation(n.)适应，顺应；改编，改编本 -adaptable(a.)有适应能力的 adapt on

4、eself to 适应于;adapt(for sth.)from sth.改编14.add(v.)添加，增加;补充说-addition(n.)-additional(a.)additionally(adv.)addto 将(添)加到 add to 增加，加强 add up 加起来 add up to 共计达in addition(to)另外，除此之外15.addict(n.)成瘾的人-addicted(a.)addition(n.)-addictive(a.)使成瘾的；上瘾的；易令人沉溺的 be addicted to（to 为介词）对上瘾16.adjust(v.)调整，使适应-adjustm

5、ent(n.)-adjustable(a.)17.admire(v.)钦佩，羡慕-admiration(n.)-admirable(a.)18.admit(v.)承认，准许(admitted,admitted)-admission(n.)19.adopt(v.)收养，采用-adoption(n.)-adopted(a.)20.advance(v.)推进，促进；前进（n.）前进，提升advanced(a.)先进的;高等的21.advantage(n.)有点；好处-disadvantage(n.)take advantage of 利用；欺骗，占的便宜22.adventure(n.)冒险，奇遇-a

6、dventurous(a.)23.advertise(v.)为做广告-advertisement(n.)24.advise(v.)建议，劝告-adviser(n.)顾问，忠告者 -advice(n.)a piece of advice25.affect(v.)影响-affection(n.)影响，感情 =have an effect on 26.Africa(n.)非洲-African(a.)(n.)27.age(n.)年纪-aged(a.)老年的 elderly(a.)28.agree(v.)同意-agreement(n.)-disagree(opp)disagreement(n.)229.

7、agriculture(n.)农业 agricultural(a.)30.allow(v.)准许，允许-allowance(n.)允许；紧贴，补助31.amaze(v.)惊奇，震惊-amazement(n.)-amazed(a.)amazed(a.)to ones amazement 32.ambition(n.)抱负，雄心-ambitious(a.)33.amuse(v.)使快乐-amusement(n.)amused(a.)-amusing(a.)to ones amusement34.analyze(v.)分析-analysis(n.)35.anger(n.)愤怒-angry (a.)3

8、6.announce(v.)宣布,宣告-announcement(n.)-announcer(n.)37.annoy(v.)使烦恼 annoyed(a.)-annoying(a.)-annoyance(n.)to ones annoyance38.annual(a.)一年一次的，每年的（n.）年刊-annually(a.)39.anxious(a.)忧虑的，焦急的-anxiety(n.)40.apologize(v.)道歉-apology(n.)apologize to sb.for sth.;make an apology to sb.for sth.因事向某人道歉41.appear(v.)

9、出现 -appearance(n.)外貌，外观；出现，露面 42.apply(v.)申请,应用-application(n.)申请表-applicant(n.)申请人-applied(a.)应用的43.appoint(v.)约定，任命 appointment(n.)-make an appointment 约会44.appreciate(v.)欣赏，感激-appreciation(n.)45.approve(v.)批准，同意-approval(n.)approve of赞成 (opp.)disapprove(v.)不赞成 disapprove of46.argue(v.)争辩，辩论argume

10、nt(n.)47.arrange(v.)安排-arrangement(n.)48.arrive(v.)到达 arrival(n.)49.Asia(n.)亚洲-Asian(a.)(n.)50.assess(v.)评价，估价-assessment(n.)51.assist(v.)帮助，协助-assistance(n.)帮助，援助 -assistant(n.)助手，助理 52.associate(v.)联系，交往-association(n.)-associated(a.)53.assume(v.)假定，采取-assumption(n.)54.astonish(v.)使惊讶-astonished(a

11、.)-astonishing(a.)astonishment(n.)55.astronaut(n.)宇航员-astronomy(n.)天文学-astronomer(天文学家)56.athlete(n.)运动员-athletic(a.)运动员的；运动的；体格健壮的；行动敏捷的57.attend（v.）参加，照料-attendance(n.)出席，参加 -attender(n.)出席者；参加者58.attention(n)注意，专心-attentive(a)attentively(ad v.)59.attract(v.)吸引 attraction(n.)-attractive(a.)60.awar

12、e(a.)知道的，明白的-awareness(n.)be aware of 61.bacterium(n.)细菌-(pl.)bacteria 62.bad(a.)坏的-badly(adv.)(worse,worst)-good(a.)well(a.)(adv.)(better,best)63.base(n.)基地，根据地(v.)以为基地-basic(a.)-basically 大体上64.basis(n.)基础，要素-(pl.)bases 65.bath(n.)洗澡，浴室bathe(v.)bathroom(n.)-bathtub(n.)澡盆66.bear(v.)忍受(bore,borne)-b

13、earable(a.)可忍受的-unbearable(opp.)不可忍受的367.beat(v.)敲打，跳动，打赢(beat,beaten)68.beautiful(a.)美丽的-beauty(n.)-beautify(v.)69.behave(v.)行为，守规矩-behavior(n.)70.belief(n)信条，信念-（pl.）beliefs-believe(v.)-believable(a.)-(opp.)unbelievable71.begin(v.)开始，着手(began,begun)-beginning(n.)第二组第二组：72.bend v.使弯曲（bent,bent）be b

14、ent on doing 一心想，决心要做73.benefit n.利益,好处 vt.有益于,有助于-beneficial adj.有益的,受益的 benefit from从中受益；be beneficial to 对有益 74.bitter adj.苦的,痛苦的,怀恨的-unpleasant adj 不愉快的；讨厌的75.boring adj.无聊的，乏味的(修饰物)-bored adj.无聊的,无趣的,烦人的（用于人）76.botany n.植物学-botanical adj.植物学的77.brave adj.勇敢的-bravery n.勇敢-coward n.懦弱的人,胆小的人78.bo

15、ycott n./vt.联合抵制,排斥79.breath n.呼吸,气息-breathe v.呼吸,发出-breathless adj.气喘吁吁的80.bring vt.拿来,带来-brought(分去式)-brought（过去分词）81.bury vt.埋葬,掩埋,隐藏-buried(过去式或过去分词)be buried in sth 埋头做某事82.business n.商业,买卖,交易,生意-businessman-businesswoman 83.calculate v.计算,考虑,计划,打算-calculation n.计算,考虑-calculator n.计算机,计算器84.cal

16、m adj.(天气、海洋等)静的,平静的,镇静的,沉着的 v.(使)平静,(使)镇定,平息 calmness n.平静,冷静,镇静85.care n.注意,照料,vi.关心,顾虑,照顾,喜爱 vt.在意-careful(a.)-careless(a.)86.catch v.捕获,赶上(车船等),发觉,感染（疾病）-(caught,caught)87.caution n.小心,谨慎,警告 vt.警告 -cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的88.celebration n.庆祝,庆典 -celebrate v.庆祝89.certain adj.确定的,某一个-certainly adv.-ce

17、rtainty n.-uncertainty n.无常,不确定90.challenge n.挑战 vt.向.挑战-challenging adj.具有挑战性的91.change n.改变,变化,找回的零钱 vt.改变,变革 -changeable adj.可改变的92.character n.人物，特点，性格，品质-characteristic n.特性，特征93.chemical adj.化学的 n.化学制品,化学药品-chemist n.化学家,药剂师-chemistry n.化学94.choice n.选择,抉择,精选品-choose v.选择,选定(chose,chosen)95.cl

18、oth n.布,织物,衣料-clothes n.衣服,总称被褥,各种衣服-clothing n.(总称)衣服96.collect vt.收集-collection n.收藏,征收,搜集品,捐款-collective adj.集体的 n.集体fort n.安慰,舒适 vt.安慰-comfortable adj.舒适的municate v.沟通,交流，传达-communication pete vi.比赛,竞争 -competition n.竞争,竞赛 -competitor n.竞争者-competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的；（指人）好竞争的100.conclude v.作出结论 v

19、t.推断-conclusion n.结论101.confident adj.自信的,确信的-confidence n.信心-confidently adv.信赖地,安心地4102.conduct n.行为,操行 v.组织,实施，管理-conductor n.(乐队)指挥第三组：第三组：1.crazy adj.疯狂的-craze n.狂热，疯狂；风行一时的东西；be crazy about 对疯狂/着迷；like crazy 拼命地；发疯似地2create vt.创造，产生（syn.）-produce creative adj-creation n.创造，创建-creativity n.创造力

20、-creator n.创造者；创作者-create jobs/opportunities/a good image/wealth3.crime n.罪犯-criminal n.罪犯 -commit a crime 犯罪4.cross vt.穿过-crossing n.十字路口-crossroads n.交叉路口 -at the crossroads 5.crowd n.人群 vt.拥挤-crowded adj.拥挤的 -crowdedness n.6.cruel adj.残忍的，残酷的-be cruel to sb -cruelly adv.-cruelty n.残忍7.culture n.文

21、化-cultural adj.-cultural difference(shock)文化差异；文化冲击 -multi-culture 多元文化8.cure n&v.治疗；医好-a cure for cancer -cure sb of ones disease/ones habit9.curious adj.好奇的；奇异的（about/to do sth）-curiosity n.好奇心；求知欲 satisfy ones curiosity 满足好奇心 -out of curiosity 出于好奇10.cycle vi 骑自行车；循环-recycle v.再循环，回收再用-cyclist n.

22、骑自行车的人11damage n&vt 毁坏，损害-do/cause damage to(the earth)对.造成损害12 danger n.危险 dangerous adj.危险的 endanger vt 使濒临危险-endangered animals 濒危动物 be in danger/be at risk 处于危险中 13.dead.adj.死的 the dead/living -death n.死亡-cause many deaths and injuries 造成很多伤亡 deadly adj.致命的 die v.死亡 dying adj.垂死的，渴望的 be dying fo

23、r sth./to do sth14.decide n.决定 decisive adj.决定性的 decision n.make a decision15.declare vt.声明；断言-declaration n.declare war on Japan 像日本宣战 16.decorate vt.装饰，修饰-decoration n.be decorated with17.decline n&v.下降,婉拒 I offered to give them a lift but they declined.18.decrease/increase n&v.减少/增加-increase/decr

24、ease to/by 20%19.defend vt.防守，保卫-defense in defense of 为保护某人 为辩护20.deliberate adj.deliberately adv.故意地 -on purpose21.delight n 快乐；乐事 delighted adj.be delighted with/by/at sb/sth take delight in 喜欢，以为乐 delight sb 使某人高兴 to ones delight 使某人高兴的是22.deliver vt.投递，接生，发表讲话 deliver parcels/a baby/a speech de

25、livery n.23.depend vi 依赖；依靠 depend on sb dependent adj.依赖的 be dependent on sb independent adj.独立的 be independent from/of sb independence n.独立24.deep adj/adv.深的-deeply adj.深深的-depth n.深度-deepen v.加深 far/deep into the night 深夜 be deeply moved/touched/affected -Still water runs deep.静水流深/大智若愚25.describ

26、e vt.描述，描写 description n.give a description of sth26.design vt.设计 n.图案，图样 designer 设计师 be designed to 设计的目的是，计划是527.desperate adj.不顾一切的；绝望的-be desperate for/to do sth 极渴望-desperation n.绝望 28destroy vt.破坏，毁坏-destroyed buildings 被毁的建筑物 destruction n.cause destruction to sth29.determine vt.决定，决心 be det

27、ermined to do 决心做 determination n.决心30.develop v.发展，使发达，开发 冲洗（照片）development -with the development of developing world/developed world-develop an interest in sth-develop a new product31.devote vt.把奉献于；devote oneself/ones life/ones energy/time to sth/doing sth devotion n.忠心，奉献精神 be devoted to sb 挚爱某人

28、，对全心全意 32differ vi.differ from sth in 在什么方面不同于 different adj.difference n.-tell the difference between A and B -make a difference(to)有影响，改变;大有作为33.difficult adj.difficulty n.困难 with/without difficulty,have difficulty with sth./(in)doing sth 做某事有困难34.direct adj.直接的-（反）indirect speech 间接引语 -direct v.指

29、挥，指导，导演 director n.导演-direction n.方向 in the direction of 朝方向 35.disable v.使残疾-disabled adj.残疾的 -help the disabled 帮助残疾人 -disability n.-The traffic accident disabled him.36.disappear vi.消失 （反）-appear -disappearance n.(反)appearance37.disagree with sb on/about/over sth-disagreement-be in disagreement w

30、ith 38.disappoint vt.使失望 disappointment n.to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是 make sb disappointed；sb.be/feel disappointed with sb./at sth.某人对感到失望 39.discover vt.发现 discovery n.make a discovery 40.discrimination n.歧视 discriminate vt.歧视，区分 discriminate A from B 把区分开来discriminate against women 歧视妇女41.discu

31、ss vt discussion n.讨论 42.distance n.距离 distant adj.远的，遥远的 in the distance 在远方keep sb at a distance 疏远某人，与某人保持距离 43.distinguish v.辨别 distinguish A from B/distinguish between A and B 区别/辨别distinction n 差别；名声44distribute v.分布，分配 distribution n.分配 distribute sth to/among sb 把分发/分配给45.disturb vt.打扰；扰乱 Do

32、nt disturb the papers on my desk.-disturbed adj.心神不宁的，心烦意乱的 -disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的 a disturbing piece of news.46.donate v.捐赠 donate sth to sb 将捐给 donation n.He donated 10,000$to the earthquake disaster area.a donation of 200$二百美元的捐款47.educate v.教育 educator 教育者 education n.-receive a good educat

33、ion 受到良好的教育 48.effect n.效果，作用 effective adj.有效果的 affect v.影响 have an effect on -take effect 起到作用,有效果 -come into effect 生效；奏效49.elect v.election n.选举 He was elected president of the USA in 1986.50.electricity n.电 electric adj.电的 electric wire 电线 electrical adj.电气的 electrical engineering 电气工程 electron

34、ic adj.电子的 electronic equipment51.embarrass v.使尴尬 embarrassed adj.be embarrassed about 对感到尴尬 -embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，难为情的 -embarrassment n.652.employ v.雇佣 employer n.雇主，老板 employee n.雇工，雇员employment n.雇用，使用，职业 unemployment n.失业53.encourage v.鼓励 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 discourage vt.使泄气 discou

35、rage sb from doing 劝阻某人不做某事 encouragement n.鼓励 courage n.勇气 54.energy n.精力，能量 energetic adj.精力旺盛的 be full of energy=be energetic55.enjoy vt.欣赏，喜欢；享受之乐趣 enjoy equality(freedom,peace)enjoy doing enjoyable adj.愉快的；有趣的 enjoyment n.享受;令人愉快的事物Children like to share interests and enjoyments with their pare

36、nts.56entertain v.招待，款待；使有兴趣；使快乐 entertainment n.娱乐活动 entertaining adj.有趣的，使人愉快的57.environment n.环境 environmental adj.environmental protection/conservation/preservation 环境保护 environmentalist n.环境学家58.equal adj.平等的 vt.等于 be equal to 等同；胜任 equally adv.treat sb equallyequality n.the principle of equali

37、ty before the law 法律面前人人平等的原则 59.equip vt.提供设备；装备 equipment (UC)n.a piece of equipment be equipped with Our office is equipped with modern equipment.60.escape n/vi 逃跑；被忘掉 escape from being punished(punishment)a narrow escape 九死一生 an escaped prison 一名逃跑的犯人 61.Europe n.欧洲 European adj.欧洲的 n.欧洲人 a Euro

38、pean 一名欧洲人62evident adj.明显的 evidence n.证据，迹象 The police havent found out the convincing evidence.63.exam(examination)n.考试,测验-examine v.检查,调查,考试With the approach of the college entrance examination,I study harder and harder.64.excellent adj.卓越的,极好的 -excellence n.优秀,卓越,优点,美德65.exhibit vt.展览;n.展品 Visit

39、ors are requested not to touch exhibits in the museum.exhibition n.展览，展览会 There will be an exhibition on next week in the science museum.65exist vi.存在 existence n.生存，存在 come into existence 开始存在 existing adj 现存的，现行的 existing laws 现行法律 Does life exist on other planets?66.expect vt.预料，盼望；认为 expect sb t

40、o do Im expecting your early reply.Dont expect too much from your child.不要对你的孩子期望太高。expectation n.期望，预期 live up to your parents expectation 不辜负父母的期望 have high expectation on sb.对某人有很高的期望67.expense n.消费，支出 以为代价 spare no expense to do 不惜代价 at his own expense 自费.at the expense of sb/sth 在牺牲情况下，做某事 cut

41、down ones expense 减少开支 expensive/costly/dear adj.昂贵的 68.explain vt.解释 explanation n.解释，说明 explain to sb.向某人解释 He explained to me the reason why he was late again.69.explode v.使爆炸 explosion n.explosive adj.爆炸的;易爆炸的70.expose vt.揭露；使面临（危险）be exposed to 暴露于；接触；遭受 Being exposed to the sunlight for a long

42、 time is harmful to your skin.-exposure n.71.express v.表达；表示 I cant express myself in English.7 expression n.表情，表达，词句-facial expression expressive adj.富于表情的；有表现力的72extend vt 延长，扩大，扩展 extend the deadline -Im sure youll join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors.我肯定你们会和我们一起向来访者表示热烈的欢迎。73

43、face n.脸 vt.面对，面向 -facial adj.-面部的 facial expression 面部表情 Faced with the disaster,we Chinese have showed extraordinary courage and energy.74.fail v.失败；不及格；衰退 failure n.He failed the exam/in the exam/failed to pass the exam.Failure is the mother of success.Weight-loss pills caused his liver to failur

44、e.75.familiar adj.熟悉的 familiarity n.熟悉，通晓 be familiar to sb sb.be familiar with sth 76.famous/well known/famed adj.著名的 be world famous for/as fame n.名声 rise to fame overnight 一夜成名77finance 财政，金融 financial adj.the financial worries 经济担忧第四组第四组：1.flee v.逃避,逃跑,逃走-fled-fled 2.flexible adj.易曲的,灵活的,能变形的-fl

45、exibility n.弹性,适应性,机动性3.flight n.飞行;飞机的航程;班机;楼梯的一段-fly v.(flew,flown)n.苍蝇4.flow n.流程,流动,vi.流动,涌流(flowed,flowed)5.fluency n.流利,流畅,雄辩-fluent adj.fluently adv.6.fog n.雾,烟雾,尘雾 vi.被雾笼罩,变模糊 vt.使困惑,以雾笼罩-foggy adj.雾深的,模糊的,朦胧的7.fool n.愚人,白痴,莽汉,vt.愚弄,欺骗 -foolish adj.8.foresee vt.预见,预知(foresaw,foreseen)9.forge

46、t vt.忘记,忽略(forgot,forgot/forgotten)-forgetful adj.健忘的,易忘的10.fortune n.财富,运气,好运,命运-fortunate adj.-fortunately adv.unfortunately adv.12.found v.建立,创立,创办-(founded,founded)13.free adj.自由的,免费的,空闲的-freedom n.-freely adv.14.freeze v.(使)结冰,(使)冷冻,冻结-(froze,frozen)-freezing adj.冰冻的,严寒的15.frequent adj.时常发生的,频繁

47、的-frequency n.频率,周率,发生次数-frequently adv.16.friend n.-friendly adj.友好的,友谊的 -friendship n.友谊,友好17.fun n.娱乐,玩笑,嬉笑,有趣的人或事物 adj.有趣的，愉快的-funny adj.有趣的,好笑的,滑稽的,奇异的,古怪的18.general adj.一般的,普通的,综合的,概括的,全面的,大体的-generally adv.19.glory n.荣誉,光荣-glorious adj.光荣的,显赫的20.gold n.黄金,金币 adj.金的,金制的 a gold medal -golden ad

48、j.金色的,金黄色的21.govern v.统治,支配,管理 -governor n.统治者,管理者 -government n.政府22.gradual adj.逐渐的,逐步的-gradually adv.23.graduate n.(大学)毕业生,研究生 v.(使)(大学)毕业 graduate from -graduation n.24.grateful adj.感激的,感谢的 -gratitude n.感谢；感恩(不可数)25.greedy adj.贪吃的,贪婪的,渴望的-be greedy for sth -greed n.贪欲,贪婪 26.greet vt.问候,向.致意-gree

49、ting n.问候；致意 -to offer greetings to sb.向某人致意27.grow vi.生长,成长,渐渐变得,增长,增高 vt.种植-(grew,grown)-growth n.28.guide n.领路人,导游者 vt.指导,支配,管理,带领 -guidance n.指导,领导8-under the guidance of sb 在某人的指导之下29.happy adj.快乐的,幸福的-happiness n.-happily adv.30.hard adj.硬的,坚固的 adv.努力地,辛苦地-hardship n.困苦,艰难,辛苦31.harm vt.伤害,损害 n

50、.伤害,损害-harmful adj.(be harmful to)32.harmony n.和谐，协调,融洽 live in harmony with 与和谐共处-harmonious adj.和谐的,协调的,和睦的33.hate vt.憎恨,恨,不愿,不喜欢 n.憎恶,憎恨-hateful adj.可恨的,讨厌的,可恶的34.health n.健康，卫生-(in good health)-healthy adj.35.high adj.高的-height n.高度-highly adv.高度地36.help n.帮忙 vt.帮助,助长-helpful adj.-helpfully adv.