专题 03 形容词和副词(解析版)--十年（2014-2023）高考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用）.docx

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1、专题03形容词和副词2023年1.【2023年全国乙卷】The _49_ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _50_ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：这个城市的

2、显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。【50题详解】考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。2.【2023年全国乙卷】However, inst

3、ead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair. 8.考查副词。句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词got，应用副词，作状语。故final改为finally。3.【2023年全国乙卷】At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldnt wash out.10.考查形容词。句意：至少有一件事被证明是正确的：这种颜色洗不掉。prove为系动词，表示“证明是”，后接形容词。故truth改为true。4.【202

4、3年新高考全国卷】So, what are they learning? _43_ (basic), how to describe a pandas life. 【43题详解】考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。5.【2023年新高考全国卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing ho

5、t, _36_ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. 【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。6.【2023年新高考全国卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is _44_ (rare) enough, yet two seems greed

6、y, so I am always left _45_ (want) more next time.【44题详解】考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。7.【2023年全国甲卷】 _47

7、_ (difference) from traditional fables, Carsons story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 【47题详解】考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。8.【2023年全国甲卷】The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps.4.考查名词的数。蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多

8、其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。句意：根据上文The bees可知，此处应用复数形式。故butterfly改为butterflies。5.考查形容词。句意：蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lovely后跟形容词beautiful，作表语。故beautifully改为beautiful。2022年1.【2022新高考I卷】 The GPNPs main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and _ (eventual)achiev

9、e a desired level of population in the wild. 答案：eventually解析：考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。2.【2022全国甲卷】Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more _ (meaning). 答案：meaningful解析：考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是

10、make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。3.【2022全国甲卷.and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africas _ (high) mountain. 答案：highest解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africas可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。4.【2022全国乙卷】“As a main promoter of the In

11、ternational Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the _ (large) tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. 答案：largest解析：考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容

12、词的最高级形式。故填largest。5.【2022全国乙卷】It can help to build a community with a _ (share) future for mankind,” he said. 答案：shared解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。6.【2022年浙江卷1月】On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, _（rough） 200 aca

13、demics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 答案：roughly解析：考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。7.【2022新高考二卷】On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work an

14、d Eric was at home with his father. They both fell _38_ (sleep) while watching TV. When he looked down, he _40_ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. 38. 答案：asleep 解析：考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。40. 答案

15、：accidentally 解析：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处解析：应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。8.【2022年北京卷】More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of _18_

16、 are only good for one use. Thats a big problem and it is getting even _19_ (bad). 3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。9. 【2022年天津卷第二次】The experienced climber was_ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day.A. completely blind to

17、B. totally lost inC. pretty keen onD. well aware of【答案】D【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险，决定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解；B. totally lost in完全迷失于；C. pretty keen on 非常喜欢；D. well aware of充分意识到。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词短语作表语，选项均为副词修饰形容词，结合句意可知，此处表示“充分意识到”，故well aware of符合句意。故选D项。2021年1.【2021新高考1

18、卷】The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will3(undoubted) help you get refreshed! 【答案】undoubtedly 【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词help，故应用副词形式。Undoubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。2.【2021新高考1卷】But thats how nature isalways leaving us5(astonish).【答案】 ast

19、onished【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有leave sb./sth. + adj.结构， 表示使处于某种状态。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为感到吃惊的。故填astonished。3.【2021全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates andwatchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going a

20、bout their10(day) routines.【答案】 daily【解析】考查形容词。此处表示 观察当地人的日常生活 ，修饰routines, 故用形容词，故填daily。4.【2021全国甲卷】After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what5(good) than to ride on a piece of history!【答案】 better【解析】考查形容词的词性转换。根据句中

21、than 可知，应该填写形容词的比较级的形式，故填better。5.【2021全国乙卷 】Provide8(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.【答案】 financial 【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因此应使用finance的形容词形式financial。句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填financial。6.【2021.6 浙江卷】When the house was built, it was much4(small) than it is today.

22、【答案】smaller 【解析】考查形容词的比较级，句中有than这个提示词，much修饰比较级。句意：当房子建好时，它比现在要小得多。7.【2021.1 浙江卷】 But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed8(sharp).【答案】sharply【解析】考查副词。句意：30年后，很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知the BMI difference had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要

23、用副词，故答案为 sharply。8.【2021.1 浙江卷】This may be due to some disadvantages for peopleliving in the countryside, including10(low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.【答案】lower【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：乡下的人条件差一些，包括更低的收入和教育水平，更高的健康食物花销和更少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知levels of in

24、come and education与higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities. 是并列关系，前后结构要一致由higher和fewer可知low要用形容词比较级，故答案为lower。9.【2021全国乙卷 改错】Whats most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study. 【答案】把mentally改为mental【解析】考查形容词作定语。分析题目可知，此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词relaxation。故把mentally改为

25、mental。10.【2021全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become1(educate) about the areasboth in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits thedevelopment of the local areas.【答案】educated

26、【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知，空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意：这与传统的旅游业不同，因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。10【2021年天津卷第一次】As working from home becomes _ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.AincreasinglyBequallyCnervouslyDconfusingly【答案】A【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们

27、发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。A. increasingly越来越多地，渐增地；B. equally相等地；C. nervously紧张地；D. confusingly令人困惑地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。故选A。5.【2021年天津卷第二次】 The police searched the area for several days

28、. _, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for.A. GenerallyB. OriginallyC. EventuallyD. Unfortunately【答案】C【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终，他们找到了他们一直在努力寻找的证据。A. Generally通常，普遍地；B. Originally起初，原来，独创地；C. Eventually最终；D. Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意，警察一直在努力找证据，努力有了结果，最终找到了，故选C。6. 【2021年天津卷第二次】Its

29、 a good idea to choose a(n) _ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.A. annualB. exactC. alternativeD. pleasant【答案】C【解析】考查形容词。句意：如果你首选的旅游景点没有了，选择一个替代目的地是一个好主意。A. annual年度的；B. exact准确的；C. alternative替代的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“destination in case your first-choice tourist s

30、pot is not available”可知此处指替代目的地，应用alternative。故选C。2020年1.【2020年新课标】Landing on the moons far side is 62. (extreme) challenging.62. 考查副词。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。2.【2020年新课标】Today I tried cooking a simply dish myself. 1.考查形容词。句意：今天我自己尝试做一道简单的菜。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容

31、词作定语，故将simply改为simple。3.【2020年新课标】 66. (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67. health, abundance and a happy home. .Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69. (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. 66. 考

32、查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。67. 考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与相联系。故填with。69. 考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词branches，用形容词形式。故填beautiful。4.【2020年新课标】Im surely youll have a good time. . Best of luck with yours learning kung fu i

33、n China. See you sooner.3. 考查形容词。句意：我相信你会玩得很开心的。分析句子，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。9.考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子，best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。/句中的yours为名词性物主代词，不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。10.考查固定短语。句意：希望尽快见到你。See you soon 译为“希望尽快见到你”，是固定短语。此处不需用比较级。故将sooner改为soon。5.【2020年新课标】One day the

34、emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62. (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. . As the small boat moved, 68. (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 62. 考查最高级。句意

35、：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。68. 考查副词。句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。6.【2020年新课标】In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. 第三处：考查固定短语。句意

36、：为了确保我们所有人身体好，她为我们制定了特殊的计划。 make sure确保，该短语是固定短语，所以surely改成sure。第四处：考查简单句。句意同上。这是一个简单句，前面in order to作目的状语，不用连词and，所以去掉and。7.【2020年新高考全国 卷（山东卷）】In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36. (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.36. 考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和

37、艺术品。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。8.【2020年浙江卷1月】 The first is declining birthrates, which means old generations are large_60_(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population becomes_61_(old)than before. This is_62_(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people ar

38、e living longer. 【60题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：首先是出生率的下降，这意味着老一代比年轻一代人口多，因此，平均而言，人口比以前老龄化。短语be compared to“与相比；与某事相提并论”，故填compared。【61题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据下文than before可知应用形容词比较级，故填older。【62题详解】考查副词。句意：在美国尤其如此。此处修饰形容词true应用副词，故填particularly。9.【2020年北京卷】 Oliver says if youre_2_(luck) enough to have someone close

39、 to you who enjoys cooking, ask them_3_you can join in when its possible.【答案】 2. lucky 3. if/whether【2题详解】考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。【3题详解】考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。_ you can join in when its possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。10.【2020年北京卷】 They were much str

40、onger than modern humans, but its long been assumed that human ancestors were_10_（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.【答案】 10. smarter【10题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。11. 【2020年天津卷

41、第一次】With the widespread use of the Internet, communications across the world have _developed over the years.A. steadilyB. differentlyC. independentlyD. formally【答案】A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：随着互联网的广泛使用，世界各地的通信多年来稳步发展。A. steadily稳定地，,稳固地；B. differently不同地；C. independently独立地；D. formally正式地。此处指稳步发展，故选A。12.【2020年江

42、苏卷】 The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _ change in our life and work.A. absurdB. abruptC. allergicD. authentic【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。A. absurd荒谬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic过敏的；D. authentic真实的。根据常识可知，新冠肺炎疫情给我们的生活和工作带来了一个突然的变化。故选B。20191.【2019年全国卷 】It is difficult to figur

43、e out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. 62. poorly【解析】考查副词用法。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词has been studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。2.【2019年全国卷 】I became interesting i

44、n playing football thanks to a small accident.I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. .第一处：【解析】考查形容词用法。“interest（使感兴趣；使关注）”的形容词有interesting（使人感兴趣的）常修饰物；与interested（表现出兴趣的）常修饰人。本句的意思为：多亏一个偶然的事件，我对踢足球产生了兴趣。主语是I，故将interesting改为interested。第五处：【解析】考查副词。“hard（努力地；费力地）”与“hardly（几乎不；

45、几乎没有）”都为副词，但是词义不同。本句意思为：我挡住足球，并使劲地将它踢回操场。故将hardly改为hard。3.【2019年全国卷】 Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its _70_ (wonder).”63.【

46、解析】考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词have been acknowledged，意为“最终得以认可”，故填finally。70.【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。4.【2019年全国卷】First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. . One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more bett

47、er after seeing a doctor. 第二处：【解析】考查形容词的用法。句中的“looked（看起来样）”为系动词，系动词后需用形容词作表语。故将coolly改为cool。第八处：【解析】考查形容词用法。“amaze（使惊奇；使惊愕）”形容词形式有amazed（大为惊奇）与amazing（令人大为惊奇的）。本句话中主语为I，句意:病人看完医生就会感觉好很多，对此我感到惊奇，而不是我令别人惊奇。故将amazing改为amazed。第九处：【解析】考查形容词比较级。句中better为well（健康；身体好）的比较级形式，多音节的形容词或副词构成比较级用more 加形容词或副词，即more不能与berrer连用。故将more去掉。5.【2019年全国卷III】 They also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about Hawaii th