专题 24 语法填空 记叙文（解析版）--学易金卷：十年（2014-2023）高考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用）.docx

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1、专题24语法填空记叙文2023年Test 1【2023年新高考全国卷】Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teachthe animals? Since June 2017, right before the _36_ (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and

2、 Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and _37_ (confidence) speaking English. And who do they speak English _38_? Not the pandas, even though _39_ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of intern

3、ational tourists and to _40_ (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give _41_ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is _42_ they need an English trainer. So, what are they learning? _43_ (bas

4、ic), how to describe a pandas life. Its been an honor to watch the panda programme develop _44_ to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I _45_ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, Im living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in Englis

5、h.【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 39. the 40. visiting 41. interviews 42. why 43. Basically 44. and 45. wished【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。

6、【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意“与某人交谈”。故填with。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指

7、导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。【41题详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。【42题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。

8、分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pand

9、as settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。故填wished。Text 2【2023年北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). Im British. Soon after moving to Switze

10、rland, I _11_(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up _12_(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest_13_(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.【答案】1

11、1. would throw 12. exactly 13. had arrived【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。【12题详解】考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly，故填exactly。【13题详解】考查时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国

12、后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。2022年Test 1【2022年新高考全国卷】Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out hi

13、s arms to catch the _36_ (fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say hell be OK. _37_ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home wi

14、th his father. They both fell _38_ (sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up _39_ (see) them. When he looked down, he _40_ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minute

15、s _41_ screamed for his father, but his father didnt hear him. Henry _42_ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _43_ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my _44_ (son) life, said Mrs. Brown. I dont know _45

16、_ to thank him. ”I just didnt want the boy to be hurt, said Henry. 【答案】36. falling 37. The 38. asleep 39. to see 40. accidentally 41. and 42. was fixing 43. threw 44. sons 45. how【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅

17、栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。【37题详解】考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep

18、为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，

19、意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。【42题详解】考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为

20、was fixing。故填was fixing。【43题详解】考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。【44题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填sons。【45题详解】考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。Test

21、 3【2022年全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xian, as a first step _41_ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _42_ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and co

22、unties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation _43_ (bold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. _44_ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collec

23、ted garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental _45_ (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more _46_ (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five cars. Cao _47_ (walk) through 34 countries in six c

24、ontinents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africas _48_ (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers _49_ Xian to Kashgar on seat. 20, _50_ (plan) to hike back to Xian in five months.【答案】41. to jou

25、rney 42. who 43. held 44. A 45. protection 46. meaningful 47. has walked 48. highest 49. from 50. planning 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里

26、的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据

27、句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。【47题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国

28、家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。【48题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africas可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。【49题详解】考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xian to Kashgar

29、可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配fromto表示“从到”。故填from。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。Test 4【2022年北京卷】Helen was walking down the street late _11_ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focus

30、ed on balancing the bags, she didnt notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention _12_ (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man _13_ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her

31、 wallet!【答案】11. in 12. to harm 13 caught【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。11.【解析】考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。12.【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。13.【解析】考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她

32、！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。Test 5【2022年北京卷】Since people cant always eat out or cook for _17_ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of _18_ are only good fo

33、r one use. Thats a big problem and it is getting even _19_ (bad). The use of those plastics _20_ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world wont survive if this situation continues.【答案】17. themselves 18. which 19. worse 20. has increased【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能

34、总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most of _are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以

35、此处用worse，故填worse。4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。2021年Test 1【2021年新高考全国 卷】Ive always loved the ocean. In the_36_ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California. I was upset to le

36、arn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, _37_ (think)it is food.I decided to do something _38_ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company_39_ used a lot of pl

37、astic, Id send it an email urging it to cut back.One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I found the contact information of the company_40_ emailed its president. I told him how _41_ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked

38、him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so_42_ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, Id send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _43_

39、 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company _44_ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over _45_ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.【答案】36. seventh 37. thinking 38. to educate 39. which/that 40. and 41. harmful 42. excited 43. was 44. representative 45. the【解析】

40、【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。【36题详解】考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，_2_ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，_3_ (educate) p

41、eople about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。【39题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， _4_ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。【40题详解】考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。【4

42、1题详解】考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。【42题详解】考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。【43题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信

43、告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。 特指“1200个航班的塑料杯”，用定冠词，所以填the。Test 2【2021年全国甲卷】The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It _41_ (build) originally to protect

44、the city _42_ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible _43_ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After _44_

45、 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what _45_ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!We _46_ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky _47_ did the job. It took us about 3 hours

46、 to go all _48_ way around the Xian City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and _49_ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their _50_ (day) routines.【答案】41. was built 42. in 43. to walk 44. spending 45. better 46.

47、hired 47. but 48. the 49. watchtowers 50. daily【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。【41题详解】考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in。【43题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有