专题 16 阅读理解新闻报道及其它（解析版） --学易金卷：十年（2014-2023）高考真题英语分项汇编（全国通用）.docx

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1、专题16阅读理解新闻报道及其它2023年阅读理解新闻报道Passage 1【2023年全国甲卷】 I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders Sophies World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy (哲学).That lov

2、e for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you and then try to explain them.Eric Weiners The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reaw

3、akened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosophers work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a

4、 read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise th

5、at improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own interpretation.The Socrates Ex

6、press is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. Its worth y

7、our time, even if time is something we dont have a lot of.28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?A. Foucault.B. Eric Weiner.C. Jostein Gaarder.D. A college teacher.29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?A. To compare Weiner with them.B. To give examples of great

8、 works.C. To praise their writing skills.D. To help readers understand Weiners book.30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?A. Its views on history are well-presented.B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C. It includes comments from readers.D. It leaves an open ending.31. What

9、does the author think of Weiners book?A. Objective and plain.B. Daring and ambitious.C. Serious and hard to follow.D. Humorous and straightforward.D. Humorous and straightforward.【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明书评。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书The Socrates Express唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Socrates Exp

10、ress这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders Sophies World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本J

11、ostein Gaarder的 Sophie的世界。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosophers work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better

12、. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. (Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几

13、位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners的书。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about undestanding philosophy, is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。【11题

14、详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosopical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its

15、apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. (The Socrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiners的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。2022年阅读理解新闻报道Passage1【2022年全国乙卷】In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends

16、from Auburn, N. Y.Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwoodtraveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together

17、 with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruffs granddaughter. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, ho

18、wever, they realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the child

19、ren weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickendens book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed

20、 (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on he

21、r horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” 4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to

22、the Rocky Mountains?A. To teach in a school.B. To study American history.C. To write a book.D. To do sightseeing.5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?A. They enjoyed much respect.B. They had a room with a bathtub.C They lived with the local kids.D. They suffered severe hardships.6.

23、Which part of Wickendens writing is hair-raising?A. The extreme climate of Auburn.B. The living conditions in Elkhead.C. The railroad building in the Rockies.D. The natural beauty of the West.7. What is the text?A. A news report.B. A book review.C. A childrens story.D. A diary entry.【答案】4. A 5. D 6.

24、 C 7. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩Doro

25、thy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一

26、家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人

27、毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys return to Auburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to

28、 some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。2020年阅读理解新闻报道Passage1【2020年新课标】When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard

29、. But they werent there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create

30、digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actors performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been

31、hot on live animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger o

32、f activists who say the creatures acting in them havent been treated properly.In some cases, its not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; its the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films

33、 made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?A. To see famous film stars.B. To oppose wearing fur coats.C. To raise money for animal protection.D. To express thanks to some fi

34、lmmakers.25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. The cost of making “Apes.”B. The creation of digitalized apes.C. The publicity about “Apes.”D. The performance of real apes.26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Listing completely.B. Directing pr

35、ofessionally.C. Promoting successfully.D. Watching carefully.27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?A. They may be badly treated.B. They should take further training.C. They could be traded illegallyD. They would lose popularity.【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集

36、在好莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍摄也是不能够被监测到的。24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, one activist ,dressed in a full -body monkey suit ,had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real apes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制

37、作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。25. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind Apes used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actors performance and later processes it with computer graphics t

38、o create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人猿”背后的创作团队利用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。26. 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment”（一个非营利组织，监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇）以及下文Already, a number of films, incl

39、uding Water for Elephants, The Hangover Part and Zookeeper, have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them havent been treated properly.（许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,“宿醉”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。）由此可知，其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意思是“密切关注”。故选D项。27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段

40、In some cases, its not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; its the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as prod

41、uctions filmed in the Sates.”（在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严密的监控。）可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。Passage2【2020年新课标】 With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more famili

42、es are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol -

43、one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” say

44、s Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”Its hard to tell exactly how many people agr

45、ee with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people

46、 live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 m

47、illion.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husbands family when they get married.28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house

48、 in Bristol?A. Nick.B. Rita.C. KathrynD. The daughters.29. What is Nicks attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?A. Positive.B. Carefree.C. Tolerant.D. Unwilling.30. What is the authors statement about multigenerational family based on?A. Family traditions.B. Financial reports.C. Published statistics.D. Public opinions.31. What is the text mainly about?A. Lifestyles in different countries.B. Conflicts between generations.C. A housing problem in Britain.D. A rising trend of living in the UK.【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了在英国，由于年轻人负担不起离家的费用，而老年人又面临着被孤立的风险