英语必修一Unit 4 Natural Disasters（B卷提升卷）（解析版）.doc

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1、Unit4 Natural Disasters 测试卷 （B卷 提升篇）【人教版】学校：_班级：_姓名：_ 考号：_ 温馨提示：本试卷共分第卷和第卷两部分,第卷为选择题；第卷为非选择题；满分为120分,考试时间为100分钟。请同学们将答案写在答题卡上,务必注意你的书写。第卷第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(湖北荆州北门中学2019-2020高一期中考试)PROBLEMSAlice: Yesterday, at the beginning o

2、f the chemistry exam, I spent more time on a difficult question than I intended. When I saw the others turning to the next page, I became so nervous that I couldnt even work out simple questions. I really want to know how to control myself in exams. Could you give me some advice?Rob: Im trying to re

3、view for my exams, but its hard to concentrate for long. I sit on the bed with my books, but then I lie down and fall asleep. And my parents ask me to do things or my friends call, so I give up studying. Im starting to panic. What should I do?Lara: I get good marks at school, so my friends all want

4、to copy my homework. But I spend a lot of time working while theyre having fun. Its not fair, and Im getting fed up with this situation. But how do I tell them they cant copy my workI dont want to lose my friends. Help!ADVICEConcentrate on the exam. Dont daydream or be distracted by the other test t

5、akers. Some students do exams quickly, but this doesnt necessarily mean they get all questions right. Just stick to your own pace!1.Which of the following piece of advice might be helpful to Alice?A. Do exams quickly. B. Work at your own pace.C. Have a regular routine. D. Avoid cheating in the exam.

6、【答案】B【解析】推理判断题Alice的问题是考试的时候容易受到别人的干扰，Advice部分建议正好是关于考试时候稳住自己的节奏，不受别人影响。故选B。2.Why is Lara very angry with her friends?A. Because they want to copy her homework.B. Because they often have fun without her.C. Because they take her homework back home.D. Because they distract her during the exam.【答案】A【解析

7、】细节查找题根据文中信息 “I get good marks at school, so my friends all want to copy my homework.”可知答案为A。3.Where are the texts most probably taken from?A. An English dictionary. B. A science magazine.C. A business newspaper. D. A student magazine.【答案】D【解析】综合全文信息可知本文是关于学生遇到的问题，故选D。B（莆田第七中学2019-2020上学期高一年级期末考试）A

8、very dangerous situation happened in California last week. More than 12 wildfires broke out in the state. Most of them began on October 8, in Northern California. They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.At least 20 people have been ki

9、lled, the state government said. About 200 have been injured. At least 3,500 homes and businesses have been destroyed. About 50,000 people have been required to escape. Many left in a hurry, without time to take their personal things. “All the good stuff(东西)Im never going to see it again,” Jeff Okre

10、pkie said. He escaped from his Santa Rosa home. It was destroyed soon after he left.The fires burned through parts of eight counties(郡，县). These include Sonoma and Napa. The areas are important to Californias economy(经济). They are home to many of the states vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂). In 2016,

11、 Californias wineries made more than $57 billion.October is when wildfires usually produce the most ruins in California. But it is unusual for so many fires to start at once. Up to now, the government has not given a cause for any of the fires, many of which were still burning.4. Why did the fires g

12、row quickly? A. Most of the fires began in October. B. 12 fires happened at the same time. C. The state government didnt do anything. D. High-speed wind and dry air.【答案】D【解析】细节查找题。根据第一段信息“They grew rapidly. The fires were made bigger by winds of up to 50 miles per hour and dry air in the area.”可知答案为

13、D。5. How many people have to leave their homes? A. 50,000. B. 200. C. 3,500. D. 20.【答案】A【解析】细节查找题。根据第二段信息“About 50,000 people have been required to escape”可知答案为A。6. What is the biggest loss for California s economy? A. Homes have been destroyed. B. Wineries have been burned. C. People have to leave

14、their homes.D. Many people have been injured.【答案】B【解析】根据第三段信息“The areas are important to Californias economy(经济). They are home to many of the states vineyards(葡萄园) and wineries(酿酒厂).”可知当地的主要经济形势是酒厂，故判断大火造成的经济损失主要在酒厂。故选B。7. What is the cause of the fires? A. The high-speed wind and dry air. B. Many

15、fires started at once. C. October produces the most ruins. D. The cause is not explained.【答案】D【解析】根据全文最后一句话可知答案为D。CNot only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin,

16、meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunken or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the

17、 membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡) without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of in

18、dividual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events, such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, whi

19、ch could account for their purpose of such a new invention.The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied a patent for their new advancements. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not

20、been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in London, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.Ooho is catching many peoples attention and has raised over $ 1 million and gained 1,000 investors in

21、only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumers interest while the production machine is getting up and running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.8.How is most plastic dealt with in America?A. Its sold. B

22、. Its recycled.C. Its buried. D. Its wasted.【答案】D【解析】细节查找题根据第一段中信息“Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $ 1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year.”可知和只有23%的塑料杯回收，价值$ 1 billion的塑料都被当做垃圾处理掉了故选D9.Why did the team invent Ooho?A. To make a profit for

23、 a company. B. To protect the environtnent.C. To make people eat as they drink. D. To reduce the cost of plastic bottle.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题第一段先介绍在美国塑料的回收利用并不理想，故有人研制出环保的材料，B选项和环保有关， 故为正确答案。10.What can we infer about Ooho from the text?A. It is easy and safe to ship it in large amounts.B. It has become po

24、pular since it began to be sold.C. It might be sold at a lower price than plastic bottles.D. It cost the team a lot of money to develop the technology.【答案】C【解析】细节查找题根据文中信息“but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles.”可知和新材料Ooho并不昂贵故选C。11.What does the author

25、 really want to say in the last paragraph?A. Ooho is to be a success in the future.B. Ooho is being supported by smart people.C. Ooho is taking the place of plastic bottles now.D. Ooho is being produced to attract more investors.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题根据全文最后一段信息“It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye ou

26、t this year for these bottles of the future.”可知作者很看好这种新材料。故选ADWith only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone(克隆) the animal and save the endangered species(物种). Thats a move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertaking for the past

27、 five years in a project called “Noahs Ark”.Noahs Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos(胚胎), semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & Ms College of Veterinary Medicine, says there

28、 would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week, Ch

29、inese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.“The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one

30、species to another is not easy, and the lack of available(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and its difficult, but this could be grou

31、ndbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something thats never been done, and this is very s

32、imilar to our work in Noahs Ark. Were both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly appreciate their effort and theres a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. Its a research that is very much needed.”12. The aim of “Noahs Ark” project is to _.A. make efforts to clone

33、the endangered pandasB. save endangered animals from dying outC. collect DNA of endangered animals to studyD. transfer the nuclear of one animal to another【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。从第2段内容可知，“诺亚方舟”工程的目标是把濒临灭绝的动物的蛋(卵)、胚胎、精液和DNA储存在液体氮中，如果某一种动物濒临灭绝时，将来可以重现这一动物。13. According to Professor Kraemer, the major problem

34、 in cloning pandas would be the lack of _.A. available panda eggs B. host animalsC. qualified researchers D. enough money【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。从第6段第1句话 The nuclear transfer(核子移植) of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available (capable of being used ) panda eggs could be a major problem 可以

35、做出正确判断。14. The best title for the passage may be _.A. Chinas Success in Pandas CloningB. The First Cloned Panda in the WorldC. Exploring the Possibility to Clone PandasD. China the Native Place of Pandas Forever【答案】C【解析】主旨大意题。从文章内容来看，无论是中国还是世界克隆熊猫还没有成功，所以排除A、B项;D项内容明显与文章内容不符，故排除。所以“探索克隆熊猫的可能性”应该是这篇文

36、章的标题。15. From the passage we know that _.A. Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dogB. scientists try to implant a pandas egg into a rabbitC. Kraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researchesD. about two thousand of species will probably die out in a century【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。此题B

37、项的干扰性较强，但由于它没有说明是Chinese scientists，所以应排除。A、C项明显与原文不符。根据文章第3段第1句可知答案为D第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sleep advice for kids of all agesIt is important for each child to get enough sleep every day. Here we will learn more about that.How much sleep does a child need?16 Newborn

38、s 0 to 3 months should sleep 10 to 18 hours a day. Babies 4 to 11 months should start to sleep through the night, for 9 to 12 hours at a time. Toddlers(初学走路的孩子) 1 to 2 years need about 11 to 14 hours a day. Children 3 to 5 should get 11 to 13 hours a night. 17 Teenagers 14 and up need 8 to 10 hours

39、of sleep.What can parents do?Set a strict nap(小睡) timetable. 18 Even older children can benefit from late-afternoon naps if they are not getting enough sleep at night. But keep them short- 30 minutes at most. 19 Remember to ask your children to turn off the television and the computer an hour before

40、 bed. If possible, get them out of your childs bedroom since the light from electronic screens can make sleep a difficult job.Get them moving. 20 Running around and playing sports is great, but kids can be active in other ways, too. Take the dog for a walk, or go to the park - just get them out of t

41、he house and get them moving.A. Pay attention to screen time.B. It usually depends on their age.C. Its OK to go to bed 30 minutes later.D. Kids 6 to 13 need 9 to 11 hours of sleep.E. Younger children should take a short sleep during the day.F. Energy drinks can keep kids from falling or staying asle

42、ep.G. Exercise during the day helps children sleep better at night.【答案】BDEAG【解析】16. 被考查段落的中心句为“How much sleep does a child need?”空白处之后介绍不同年龄段的孩子需要的睡眠不一样。故选B。17. 空白处前后信息提示不同年龄段的孩子的睡眠时间。故选D。18. 空白处之后信息提示甚至是年长一些的孩子也需要午睡，故判断空白处应该是年幼的孩子需要午睡。19. 空白处之后信息提示应该注意电视和电脑时间。故选A。20. 本段第一句“Get them moving”提示本段应该是和锻

43、炼身体有关。故选G。第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Star Athlete My name is Edward, and at one time I was the star athlete at my school for four consecutive（连续的）years. Soccer was my life for as 21 as I could remember. For at 22 six times a week, you could fin

44、d me at the fields training. Within those past four years, I had 23 sixty goals for my team. I even starred in our local newspaper.Most athletes asked me how I did it. How I 24 to go out once or twice a day to train. Most athletes would be 25 out, but not me. I asked them how they just naturally bre

45、athed. Football had been my life ever since I was five years old. Having two parents that played the game 26 me to become the best athlete I could ever be. My whole family played; not 27 was like not eating at my grandmas house, not acceptable. When I was three, my parents taught me how to kick the

46、ball, and that was when I 28 fell in love with the game. But that was past.When I was working up to the state championship,I got injured and the trainer told me I could never play again. I cried and my 29 was torn into pieces. Later, I 30 myself back up and went to Vanderbilt University on an academ

47、ic scholarship.I might not be a super star, but I 31 to let my life slip out of my hands. Now, Im on my way to becoming a doctor to help 32 like me. Sometimes I wonder who I would be without my injury, but then I realize I would not have had this opportunity. Things change 33 ,and you have to learn to 34 it. Stop living in the past and live in the future. Everyone has a story, but you have to make your own ending. Its up to you to persevere and fight for yourself. Be your own 35 .21. A. many B. long C. well D. early22. A.latest B.first C. most