2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）试题英语含答案.pdf

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1、启启用前用前注意保密注意保密试卷类型：试卷类型：A2024 年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）英英语语本试卷共 10 页，满分 120 分。考试用时 120 分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须

2、用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第第二二部分部分 阅读阅读（共两节共两节，满分满分 50 分）分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASome beaches are perfect for relaxing,while others offer activities like hiking and

3、watersports.Visit these beautiful beaches for an unforgettable vacation.Cannon BeachIf your perfect beach vacation spot features postcard-worthy scenery and peace,look nofurther than Cannon Beach.In this Pacific Northwest town,you can even build a fire on the beachto relax beside while watching the

4、sun set.When you need a break from the beach,grab a bike andhead downtown to explore its art galleries,shops and restaurants.Horseshoe Bay BeachFor a one-of-a-kind beach experience,head to Horseshoe Bay Beach on Bermudas SouthShore.Known for its pink sand,this beach is a popular destination for fami

5、lies looking to play inthe calm blue-green waters and build blush-colored sandcastles.Adventure seekers can also takepart in the self-guided island bicycle tour or engage in exciting water sports.Mohegan BluffsThis beach is famous for its natural beauty.Upon arrival,pause to admire your surroundings

6、and learn about its ties to the native people,their ancient traditions,and connection to the land,adding depth to your beach experience.Then,take the 141 steps down to the sand to sunbathe.After that,climb back up to visit the Southeast Light for an up-close view of its 18th-centurylighthouse.South

7、BeachThis tropical district on Floridas Atlantic Coast is world-renowned for its powdery whitesand.Although technically part of the Miami Beach area,South Beach stands out due to its ArtDeco architecture seen in everything from the beachfront lifeguard towers to the high-risebuildings along the fame

8、d Ocean Drive.21.What similarity do Cannon Beach and Horseshoe Bay Beach share?A.The chance to cycle around.B.Their lively artistic scene.C.The unique water sports.D.Their distinctive sand color.22.Who is most likely attracted to Mohegan Bluffs?A.Those seeking water sports.B.Fans of modern lighthous

9、es.C.Those interested in local culture.D.Enthusiasts of mountain climbing.23.What sets South Beach apart from the rest of the Miami Beach area?A.Its beach sand.B.Its architectural style.C.Its ocean drive.D.Its high-rise buildings.BYou are what you think.Whatever you are doing right now is determined

10、 by your thinking.All your emotions and desires are influenced by your thinking.The problem is that when you arenot aware of your thinking,you have no chance of correcting it if it is poor.When thinking issubconscious,you are in no position to see any problems in it.And,if you dont see any problemsi

11、n it,you wont be motivated to change it.Whats worse,few people realize the powerful role thatthinking plays in their lives,so they dont gain significant command of it.As a result,most peopleare in many ways victims of their thinking.Consider your success as a student.The single most significant vari

12、able in determining yoursuccess as a student is the quality of your thinking.Your instructors will play a role in yourlearning,but even the best teachers cannot get into your head and learn for you.If you lack theintellectual skills necessary for thinking well through course content,you will not be

13、successful inschool.Here is the key question we are putting to you in this book.If the quality of a personsthinking is the single most significant determinant of both happiness and success,why not take thetime to learn from the best thinkers?This book will inform you of the tools that the best think

14、ers use and will illustrate theactivities and practice you can use to begin to emulate them,and take control of your destiny as athinker.Each chapter focuses on a different aspect of these thinking aids,helping you discover thepower of your own mind and of your potential to think systematically abou

15、t your thinking.This book,as a whole,introduces you to the tools of mind that will help you reason wellthrough various challenges you face.If you take these ideas seriously and practice using them,youcan improve the quality of your thinking and ultimately,the quality of your life.24.Why do many peop

16、le lack motivation to change their poor thinking?A.They are victims of emotions.B.They are unaware of the need.C.They think highly of themselves.D.They lack the academic guidance.25.What plays the most crucial role in school success?A.The course content.B.The school environment.C.The commitment of t

17、eachers.D.The quality of an individuals thinking.26.What does the underlined word“emulate”mean in paragraph 4?A.Make friends with.B.Win over.C.Follow the example of.D.Look up to.27.The book is organized according to _.A.types of life challengesB.varieties of thinking toolsC.determinants of life valu

18、eD.ideas of different thinkersCHuman history is full of horse stories like guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and takingwounded soldiers through battle zones.Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel,acomputer scientist and roboticist,think of robots.“A horse that can take a rider h

19、ome on its ownwould be the highest level of autonomy,”Jatel says.“You trust them with your life.”She wasdrawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robotinteractions.For a year,Jatel engaged herself in the horse world.She watched classes in horse training,and she

20、 also talked with students,instructors,trainers and horse owners.Along the way,Jatel evenlearned to ride.Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people.People,too,must learn their part.Riders must learn what a horse wants or feels based on its behavior,andwhat si

21、gnals to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways.Jatel found some similarities,here,to working with robots.People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks.They alsomust learn what to do when robots dont perform as planned.The goal is to program robots thatwill respond predictably

22、 to inputs from people.But like horses,autonomous robots also should beable to respond on their own as conditions change.For example,a self-driving car must stop toavoid hitting something,even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going.Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect.Horse

23、s show that respect by matchingtheir pace to a human or giving someone who is leading them a safe degree of personal space.Trainers begin their work with a horse by getting them to show signs of respect in basicinteractions,Jatel says.Later,trainers will develop more complex interactions.Gradually,a

24、horses respect can grow into trust.But that trust is not given.And there may be a similar limitation with robots.What would itmean for robots and people to respect and trust each other?For now,she adds,this is largelyuncharted territory.But shes looking to build a path.28.What drew Elina Jatels atte

25、ntion to horses?A.Horsesamazing performance.B.Long history of horse training.C.Horse-human interdependence.D.Her horse-riding experience.29.What are the robots of the highest autonomy designed to do?A.To act like real horses.B.To show respect to humans.C.To follow instructions from humans.D.To make

26、independent and sensible decisions.30.What will Jatels future research most probably focus on?A.The limitations of robots.B.Trust between robots and humans.C.Path toward higher robot efficiency.D.Similarities between horses and robots.31.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.History of Human-H

27、orse RelationshipB.Secrets of Human-Animal InteractionsC.The Role of Trust in Human-Robot PartnershipsD.Horses as the Inspiration forAutonomous RobotsDWhen we recall a memory,we bring back specific details about it.But we often alsoexperience a vivid feeling of remembering the event.Memory researche

28、rs call these processesobjective and subjective memory.A new study shows they can function independently and involvedifferent parts of the brain.“The study distinguishes between how well we remember and how well we think weremember,and shows that decision making depends primarily on the subjective e

29、valuation ofmemory evidence,”says psychologist Denis Guetta.The researchers tested objective and subjective memory.After showing volunteers a series ofimages of common objects,the researchers showed them pairs of images and asked them todetermine which of the two they had seen before.They were asked

30、 to rate the memory as“recollected”(vivid and detailed),or“familiar”(lacking detail).Some tests showed similar imagepairs,others unrelated pairs.This setup measured objective memory based on recognition andsubjective memory based on vividness.The researchers also used fMRI(功能性磁共振成像)to measure brain

31、activity during thistask.The results showed higher levels of objective memory with pairs of similar images,butparticipants claimed vivid memories more with dissimilar pairs.They were more likely to basetheir decision about whether to keep or clear an image on memory feeling rather than accuracy.For

32、example,a person could have a vivid memory of going to an event with friends.Some of theactual details of that memory might be a bit off,but they may feel it is a vivid memory,so theymight decide to go out with the same people again.The fMRI data showed that objective and subjective memory engaged v

33、aried regions of thebrain.The regions involved in subjective experiences were also involved in decision making,supporting the connection between the two processes.“By understanding how our brains give rise to vivid subjective memories and memorydecisions,we are moving a step closer to understanding

34、how we learn to evaluate memoryevidence to make effective decisions in the future,”says researcherAnaliz William.32.How does the author introduce the topic of the text?A.By analyzing problems.B.By giving examples.C.By interpreting findings.D.By defining concepts.33.What were the volunteers asked to

35、do during the study?A.To draw the images they had previously seen.B.To compare details of objects they had been shown.C.To categorize their memory as recollected or familiar.D.To recall specific emotions related to the images shown.34.What does the research find out about decision making?A.Both type

36、s of memory have great influence on it.B.Our vivid memory helps us make wise decisions.C.It mainly relies on subjective memory evaluation.D.Its decided by the accuracy of objective memory.35.What isAnaliz Williams attitude towards the study?A.Optimistic.B.Tolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Dismissive.第二节（共 5 小题；

37、每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。For most of history,people lived in small groups of up to 150 people.Then villages and smalltowns developed,offering safety and support through the sharing of resources.As time passed,urban living brought additional advantages such as bet

38、ter jobs,schools and healthcare.Largertowns also gave people more chances to meet and interact.This is important.36Today,over half of the worlds population currently lives in towns and cities.But this hasresulted in a strange paradox(悖论).Although social opportunities are one reason people chooseto l

39、ive in large cities,research suggests that city life can be lonely.37People from allover the world can join online communities and make virtual friends without leaving their home.The development of virtual communities can be traced back to the 1860s.Back then,telegraph operators exchanged messages a

40、nd gradually formed friendships over long distances.38Later,in the 1960s,radios started to provide a means of short-distance communication anddeveloped communities with their own unique language and usernames.39Computers were not very powerful yet,so people could post messages and sharenews and stor

41、ies but not music or photos.Still,people loved being able to make friends online andthen hang out with them.As technology became more powerful,online communities for fun,education and business emerged,where people could explore a virtual 3D world,have onlinelessons,and even buy things with virtual m

42、oney.These days,there are thousands of virtual communities and that number keeps growing.Many people believe they will become more important.40Particularly,theyre concernedthat posting personal information online might lead to a loss of privacy.So perhaps the future willbe more like the past.People

43、will spend most of their time in real communities.A.This trend,however,is not likely to continue.B.AsAristotle said,the nature of humans is to be social.C.That may explain why virtual communities are so popular.D.The first popular online communities developed in the 1980s.E.Before cell phones existe

44、d,radio was an easy way to communicate.F.Nevertheless,others worry about problems with these communities.G.This is among the earliest examples of virtual community interactions.第三部分第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I vividly reme

45、mber the day when my husband and I set off on a new journey to Tanzania.Hehad been41a position there as a Civil Engineer.Accompanying him,my aim was to finda job shortly after.As you can imagine,I was very excited,even rather42,as Id never beenabroad before.So,my first43was to get settled in this sm

46、all town called Dodoma in themiddle of Tanzania.As we got off the train,however,at six in the morning,a lady came rushing along the44towards us.Completely out of breath,she said,“Weve heard youre from England and our school45needs an English teacher please say youll help us.”I felt tired and46a show

47、erafter the journey.Though shocked by her47,for some reason or other,I agreed to48it!I washed,changed,had a quick bite to eat and was49to the two local teachers and my50at 8 oclock.It felt like being thrown into the deep end,as my teaching timetable began51at 8:30!Although Id hardly had time to get

48、my breath,I never52my suddendecision.Though my entry into this53was unexpected,I found joy in teaching those youngstersand gradually became part of the local community in the following years.Ive been fortunate to54lifelong friendships,which has left a lasting55on both my students and myself.41.A.awa

49、rdedB.offeredC.allowedD.presented42.A.disappointedB.dissatisfiedC.unconcernedD.uneasy43.A.priorityB.worryC.actionD.response44.A.riverB.platformC.sidewalkD.channel45.A.probablyB.suddenlyC.desperatelyD.occasionally46.A.longed forB.waited forC.heard aboutD.worried about47.A.remarkB.interruptionC.sugges

50、tionD.request48.A.keepB.takeC.forgetD.quit49.A.introducedB.recommendedC.assignedD.compared50.A.colleaguesB.assistantsC.studentsD.interviewers51.A.exactlyB.finallyC.immediatelyD.smoothly52.A.expectedB.regrettedC.delayedD.dropped53.A.careerB.countryC.agreementD.relationship54.A.valueB.strengthenC.rene