初中语法复习专题一　名　词.ppt

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1、第二部分语法第二部分语法专题一名词专题一名词构成方法构成方法例词例词一般情况，直接在一般情况，直接在词词尾加尾加sgirlgirlspenpens以以s，x，ch，sh等等结结尾的尾的名名词词后加后加esbusbusesboxboxeswatchwatchesdishdishes以以f或或fe结结尾的名尾的名词词，变变f，fe为为v，再加，再加eswifewiveshalfhalves shelfshelvesthiefthieves某些以某些以f结结尾的尾的词词，直接加，直接加sroofroofsbeliefbeliefs以以辅辅音字母音字母y结结尾的名尾的名词词变变y为为i再加再加esci

2、tycitiescountrycountriesfamilyfamiliespartyparties构成方法构成方法例词例词以元音字母以元音字母y结结尾的名尾的名词词，直接加直接加sboyboysdaydays以以o结结尾的四个尾的四个词词(两菜、两两菜、两人人)加加es，其余的都加，其余的都加spotatopotatoestomatotomatoesheroheroesNegroNegroeszoozoosphotophotos构成方法构成方法例词例词形式不形式不变变(单单复数同形复数同形)sheepsheepdeerdeerChineseChineseJapaneseJapanese变变内

3、部元音字母内部元音字母footfeettoothteethgoosegeesemanmenmousemice词词尾加尾加en/renchildchildrenoxoxen专题训练专题训练一、单项选择一、单项选择(30分分)1(2015重重庆庆)Dave really likes driving.I think being a _ is just right for him.Adoctor Bteacher Cfarmer Ddriver【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。doctor“医医生生”；teacher“教教师师”；farmer“农农民民”；driver“司司机机”。由由“戴

4、戴维维真真的的很很喜喜欢欢开开车车”可可推推知知，“我我认认为为成成为为一一名名司司机机很很适适合合他他”，故选，故选D。答案：答案：D2(2015天天津津)In 1998,Liu Xiangs _ in hurdling was noticed by Sun Haiping.Aability Btrade Celectricity Dmemory【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。ability“能能力力”；trade“贸贸易易”；electricity“电电力力”；memory“记记忆忆力力”。由由“刘刘翔的跨栏能力被孙海平发现了翔的跨栏能力被孙海平发现了”，可知选，可知选A。答

5、案：答案：A3(2015克克拉拉玛玛依依)_ are planning to go on vacation.ABlacks BA BlacksCThe Blacks DThe Blacks【解解析析】考考查查名名词词用用法法。“the姓姓氏氏复复数数”表表示示一一家家人人，句意为，句意为“布莱克一家人正在计划着去度假。布莱克一家人正在计划着去度假。”故选故选D。答案：答案：D4(2015常常州州)Could you tell me the _ of making such tasty cakes?Well,I just follow the instructions in the cookbo

6、ok.Atime Bmethod Ccost Dmenu【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。time“时时间间”；method“方方法法”；cost“花花费费”；menu“菜菜单单”。由由答答句句“我我只只是是按按照食谱来做的。照食谱来做的。”可知询问制作蛋糕的方法，故选可知询问制作蛋糕的方法，故选B。答案：答案：B5(2015龙龙东东)Could you give me some _?I tried several times but failed.Anotice Bsuggestion Cadvice【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。notice“通通知知，布布告告”

7、，可可数数名名词词；suggestion“建建议议”，可可数数名名词词；advice“建建议议”，不不可可数数名名词词。由由句句中中some可可知知，后后接接可可数数名名词词复复数数或或不可数名词。故选不可数名词。故选C。答案：答案：C6Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef,vegetables and _.Asome rice Ba few riceCa little rices Da rice【解解析析】考考查查不不可可数数名名词词。rice为为不不可可数数名名词词，故故不不能能用用a或或者者a few修修饰饰，也也没没有有复复数数形形式式。

8、“一一些些米米饭饭”用用some rice表示。故选表示。故选A。答案：答案：A7(2015成都成都)She says her favorite _ is English.Acolor Bsports Csubject【解析解析】考查名词词义辨析。考查名词词义辨析。color“颜色颜色”；sports“运动运动”；subject“学科学科”。英语属于学科，故选。英语属于学科，故选C。答案：答案：C8(2015安安徽徽)How can I get some _ about the 2016 Olympic Games?Why not search the Internet?Ainformatio

9、n BexperienceCpractice Dsuccess【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。information“信信息息”；experience“经经历历；经经验验”；practice“锻锻炼炼”；success“成成功功”。由由“Why not search the Internet？”可可知知，可可以以从网上查询从网上查询2016年奥运会的相关信息，故选年奥运会的相关信息，故选A。答案：答案：A9(2015德德州州)The New York Times is a popular daily _.Adictionary BmagazineCnewspaper Dguide

10、book【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。dictionary“词词典典”；magazine“杂杂志志”；newspaper“报报纸纸”；guidebook“旅旅行行指指南南”。由由“纽纽约约时时报报是是很很流流行行的的日日报报”可可知知选选C。答案：答案：C10Do you come to South Korea for the _ of seeing your family or doing business?I come here on business.Ainterest Bbenefit Cpurpose Dthought【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。in

11、terest“兴兴趣趣”；benefit“利利益益”；purpose“目目的的”；thought“思思想想”。由由句句意意可可知选知选C。答案：答案：C11More and more people come to visit Mount Huangshan.Thats true.It has become the _ of Anhui.Apride Beffort Cpraise Dcourage【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。pride“骄骄傲傲”；effort“努努力力”；praise“赞赞扬扬”；courage“勇勇气气”。由由“越越来来越越多多的的人人来来参参观观黄黄山山

12、”可可推推知知“它它已已成成为为安安徽徽的的骄骄傲傲”，故选，故选A。答案：答案：A12Hangzhou is_ to hundreds of foreign friends who are working and studying here.Ahome Bhouse Cfamily Droom【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。home“家家乡乡，故故乡乡”；house“房房屋屋，住住宅宅”，强强调调居居住住的的房房屋屋；family“家家庭庭”，可可以以强强调调整整体体也也可可以以指指家家庭庭成成员员；room“房房间间，空空间间”，由句意可知选，由句意可知选A。答案：答案：A1

13、3(2015江江西西)There are lots of _that students have to follow in school.Aexercises Bproblems Cskills Drules【解解 析析】考考 查查 名名 词词 词词 义义 辨辨 析析。exercise“练练 习习”；problem“问问题题”；skill“技技能能”；rule“规规则则”。由由句句意意及动词及动词follow可知选可知选D。答案：答案：D14David visited lots of_ in the world.Aplaces of interesting Bplaces of interes

14、tCplace of interests Dplace of interesting【解解析析】考考查查固固定定短短语语。lots of 意意为为“许许多多”，可可修修饰饰不不可可数数名名词词和和复复数数名名词词，place是是可可数数名名词词，可可排排除除C、D两两项项；place of interest意意为为“名名胜胜古古迹迹”，是是固固定定短短语语，故选故选B。答案：答案：B15Its convenient to travel from Ezhou to Wuhan by taking the newlybuilt green railway.Yes.Its said that _ i

15、s enough.Afifteen minutes drive Bfifteenminutes driveCfifteen minutes drive Dfifteen minutes drive【解解析析】考考查查名名词词所所有有格格的的用用法法。minute是是可可数数名名词词，复复数数形形式式以以s结结尾尾时时，所所有有格格后后直直接接加加，句句意意为为“据据说说15分钟的车程就够了分钟的车程就够了”。故选。故选D。答案：答案：D16Yesterday,my father bought me a new mobile phone as a present,but I dont know

16、how to use it.Why not read the _ first before using it?Aexpressions BapplicationsCadvertisements Dinstructions【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。expressions“表表情情”；applications“申申请请；应应用用”；advertisements“广广告告”；instructions“说说明明”。由由“我我不不知知道道如如何何使使用用”可可推推知知，答答语语句句意意为为“为为什什么么不不在在使使用用前前看看一一看看说说明明呢呢？”，故故选选D。答案：答案：D17(

17、2015宜宜昌昌)A study shows that good habits play a very important _ in childrens education.I think so.Asense Bpart Creason Dmeaning【解析解析】考查固定短语。考查固定短语。sense“感觉感觉”；part“部分部分”；reason“原因原因”；meaning“意义意义”。play a part in“参与；起作用参与；起作用”，故选，故选B。答案：答案：B18When Peter comes,please ask him to leave a _.Anotice Bmess

18、ageCsentence Dinformation【解析解析】考查名词词义辨析。由句意考查名词词义辨析。由句意“当彼得来的时候当彼得来的时候请让他留言请让他留言”。leave a message“留言留言”，故选，故选B。答案：答案：B19I am sure Cindy will be able to find the hotelshe has a pretty good_of direction.Aidea Bfeeling Cexperience Dsense【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。idea“主主意意，想想法法”；feeling“感感觉觉，感感触触”；experien

19、ce“经经验验，经经历历”；sense“感感觉觉”。a pretty good sense of direction表表示示“相相当好的方向感当好的方向感”。故选。故选D。答案：答案：D20(2015娄娄底底)Would you like some _ for dinner?OK.Atomatos Btomato Ctomatoes【解解析析】考考查查名名词词复复数数。tomato是是可可数数名名词词，其其复复数数形形式是式是tomatoes。故选。故选C。答案：答案：C21David,why are you so excited?My father has made a_ that he w

20、ill take me to Tibet next month.Aface Bpromise Cmistake【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。由由上上句句中中“excited”可可知知，爸爸爸爸做做了了令令他他兴兴奋奋的的事事情情。make a face“做做鬼鬼脸脸”；make a promise“答答应应，许许诺诺”；make a mistake“犯犯错错误误”。故选。故选B。答案：答案：B22Whose computer doesnt work?_，I think.AJohn has BJohn doesCJohn DJohns【解解析析】句句意意为为“谁谁的的计计算算机机

21、出出毛毛病病啦啦？”“”“约约翰翰的的，我想。我想。”故答语应用名词所有格形式，所以应选故答语应用名词所有格形式，所以应选D。答案：答案：D23This kind of suit will be sold for$600,which is far more than its real_.Avalue Bcost Cmoney Dprice【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。句句意意为为“这这款款衣衣服服将将会会卖卖到到六六百百美美元元，这这远远远远超超出出它它的的实实际际价价值值”。value“价价值值”；cost“花花费费”；money“金金钱钱”；price“价价格格”。由由句句

22、意可知选意可知选A。答案：答案：A24(2015兰州兰州)I paid￥10 for _ this morning.A4 bottle milks B4 bottles of milkC4 bottles of milks D4 milk【解解析析】考考查查不不可可数数名名词词量量的的表表示示法法。milk是是不不可可数数名名词，词，4 bottles of milk表示表示“四瓶牛奶四瓶牛奶”。答案：答案：B25We got together in_ room to watch The Voice of China.ATom and Jim BTom and JimsCToms and Ji

23、ms【解解析析】考考查查名名词词所所有有格格。根根据据空空后后的的单单数数名名词词room可可知知是是两两人人共共有有的的房房间间，在在表表示示两两人人共共有有某某物物时时，只只需需要要在后一个词后加在后一个词后加s。故选。故选B项。项。答案：答案：B26I am tired.This is not the right _ to ask me to go for a walk.Amoment Bchance Cplace Dseason【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。moment“时时刻刻”；chance“机机会会”；place“地地点点”；season“季季节节”。由由“我我累

24、累了了”可推知可推知“此时让我去散步不合适此时让我去散步不合适”，故选，故选A。答案：答案：A27(2015青青 岛岛)Yesterday Lucy told us such good _ that we are all amazed at it.Anews Bideas Csuggestion Danswer【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。news“新新闻闻”；ideas“主主意意”；suggestion“建建议议”；answer“答答案案”。由由“昨昨天天露露西西告诉我们如此好的消息以至于我们都惊呆了告诉我们如此好的消息以至于我们都惊呆了”可知选可知选A。答案：答案：A28B

25、etty has a silk_.She can sing very well.Avoice Blook Csound Dnoise【解解析析】根根据据“She can sing very well.”可可知知她她的的声声音音很很好好听听，表表示示人人的的嗓嗓音音和和歌歌唱唱声声音音用用voice。句句意意为为“贝贝蒂蒂的声音好听，她唱歌可以唱得非常好的声音好听，她唱歌可以唱得非常好”。答案：答案：A29(2015沈沈阳阳)Bob has got good exam results.His parents are proud of his _.Asuccess Bchance Cidea Ddream【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。success“成成功功”；chance“机机会会”；idea“想想法法”；dream“梦梦想想”。由由“鲍鲍勃勃考考试试成绩很好。他的父母因他的成功感到骄傲成绩很好。他的父母因他的成功感到骄傲”可知选可知选A。答案：答案：A30(2015张张家家界界)Turn down the music.It hurts my _.Anose Beyes Cears【解解析析】考考查查名名词词词词义义辨辨析析。由由“关关小小音音乐乐”可可知知“它它伤害我的耳朵伤害我的耳朵”。故选。故选C。答案：答案：C