英语第二部分 题型突破 12 阅读理解 第2讲 推理判断题.ppt

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1、题型专题突破第二部分第二部分专题十二阅读理解专题十二阅读理解第第2讲推理判断题讲推理判断题推理判断题着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。考生应透过现象看本质，领悟作者的思想、倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度；以原文内容为前提，根据作者的观点，客观地对文中未明确说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。1题型特点推理判断题在阅读中属于难度较高的题型。主要考查考生理清上下文逻辑关系的能力以及考生的识别能力。要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上，对文章字面信息进行分析挖掘、逻辑推理，揭示其深层含义。名师点拨2常见设问方式The passage implies that _.We can conc

2、lude from the passage that _.Which of the following can be inferred?What is the purpose of this passage?What is the tone of the author?Where would this passage probably come from/appear?What is the authors attitude toward？3解题策略(1)抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住某一段话中的关键信息，如关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层

3、含义。(2)整合全文(段)信息进行推断。做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，综合推理判断，确定最佳结论。(3)利用语境的褒贬性进行推断。几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，它反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好这一点，就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。(4)根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。(5)根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的

4、结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。(2015全国卷A)My color television has given me nothing but a headache.I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of a lot of clothes that wouldnt fit.I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued m

5、odel.I realized this a day later,when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventyfive dollars less than I had paid.The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night.Fortunately,I didnt get any channels showing allnight mo

6、vies or I would never have gotten to bed.典题在线Then I started developing a problem with the set that involved static(静电)noise.For some reason，when certain shows switched into a commercial,a loud noise would sound for a few seconds.Gradually,this noise began to appear during a show,and to get rid of it

7、,I had to change to another channel and then change it back.Sometimes this technique would not work,and I had to pick up the set and shake it to remove the sound.I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set.When neither of these methods removed the static noise,I would sit helplessl

8、y and wait for the noise to go away.At last I ended up hitting the set with my fist，and it stopped working altogether.My trip to the repair shop cost me$62，and the set is working well now,but I keep expecting more trouble.1How does the author sound when telling the story?ACurious.BAnxious.CCautious.

9、DHumorous.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“我”在购买彩电时受售货员的误导，买了一台自认为便宜的彩电，结果不久，故障频发，在采用包括抱起电视晃动在内的方式解决无果后，最后不得不求助维修店。1【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中最后一句Fortunately,I didnt get any channels showing allnight movies or I would never have gotten to bed.以及倒数第二段最后一句I actually began to build up my arm muscles(肌肉)shaking my set.和最后一段最

10、后一句but I keep expecting more trouble.可知，作者语调幽默。【答案】DA typical lion tamer(驯兽师)in peoples mind is an entertainer holding a whip(鞭)and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention,but its mostly for show.In reality,its the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the

11、 lions face,the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided,the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options,the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you

12、find yourself in the same position as the lion？How often do you have something you want to achieve(e.g.lose weight,start a business,travel more)only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debati

13、ng about which option is the best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we cant focus or that were focused on the wrong things,and so we take less action,make less progress,and stay the same when we coul

14、d be improving.It doesnt have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,remember this:All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go,someth

15、ing you want to accomplish,someone you want to becometake immediate action.If youre clear about where you want to go,the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.2What is the authors attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?ATolerant.BDoubtful.CRespectful.D

16、Supportive.3When the world is“waving a chair in your face”，youre advised to _.Await for a better chanceBbreak your old habitsCmake a quick decision Dask for clear guidance【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过讨论驯兽师在训练狮子时的技巧以及狮子面临的疑惑入手，谈论人们面临该种境况时应该怎么做。2【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句This upsets me to no end because while all the

17、 experts are busy debating about which option is the best，the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.可知，所有的专家都在忙于讨论哪种选择最好，但是那些想改善生活的人还是对那些互相矛盾的信息感到困惑。由此推断出，作者对那些专家持怀疑的态度。【答案】B3【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句All you need to do is focus on one thing.和第五句take immediate action.可知，当你面对生活向你抛出的众多选择时，最好的做法就是立刻做出决定，马上采取行动。故选C项。【答案】C专题对点特训专题对点特训推理判断题推理判断题(一一)专题对点特训专题对点特训推理判断题推理判断题(二二)