英语 第2部分 8 动词和动词短语.ppt

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1、第二部分 语法专题研究专题八专题八 动词和动词短语动词和动词短语(必考：每卷必考：每卷59道，道，7.514分，单选、完形、完成句子、短文填空）分，单选、完形、完成句子、短文填空）命题点命题点1 实义动词的用法及辨析实义动词的用法及辨析命题点命题点2 近义动词辨析近义动词辨析命题点命题点3 连系动词的用法及辨析连系动词的用法及辨析第一节第一节 动词的用法及辨析动词的用法及辨析第二节第二节 动词短语动词短语第一节动词的用法及辨析第一节动词的用法及辨析 （必考：每卷（必考：每卷37道，道，511分，单选、完形、短文填空）分，单选、完形、短文填空）命题点命题点1 实义动词的用法及辨析实义动词的用法及

2、辨析(必考：每卷必考：每卷36道，道，59分，单选、完形、短文填空分，单选、完形、短文填空)中考试练中考试练1.He had a poor sight when he was in primary school,so he had to _ a pair of glasses.wear2.Its a pity that he did very well in the competition but failed to _ the record.break3.He _ to go to the party,so I had to go there instead.refused/failed4.

3、In order to make our hometown more beautiful,trees are _ around the city every year.5.He _ his birthday with his family every year.6.Its impolite to _ the managers office without knocking at the door at first.7.To _ the environment,supermarkets dont provide free plastic bags for shoppers.plantedcele

4、brateenterprotect8.Last year,many of his short stories were _ into some foreign languages.9.Soccer is a wonderful game for children.It _ great exercise,such as running and kicking.A.provides B.remains C.practises D.receivestranslatedA10.Dreams are beautiful.However,to _ them needs lots of time and w

5、ork.A.discover B.find C.achieve D.stop11.It is necessary for everyone to _ a good habit of reading.A.enjoy B.choose C.develop D.acceptCC12.When you _ yourself with others you miss the wonder of who you are.A.compare B.communicate C.contact D.connect13.The movie is so interesting that I dont _ seeing

6、 it again tomorrow.A.enjoy B.mind C.keep D.finish AB14.The school network will be shut down for safety reasons.That doesnt _ me at all.Im not a networm,anyway.A.satisfy B.surprise C.worry D.include15.Whats wrong with Simon?He isnt at school today.His legs were hurt.He was _ by a motorcycle this morn

7、ing.A.treated B.hit C.operated D.dividedCB16.The drivers have to _ the traffic rules and control themselves if they want to be safe on the road.A.follow B.break C.make D.createA 满分突破满分突破 分析重庆近分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，实义年中考真题可知，实义动词辨析在完形填空中每年必考动词辨析在完形填空中每年必考14道，道，在单项选择中，仅在单项选择中，仅2016 B卷和卷和2009年各考年各考查查1道，道，2015

8、A卷考查卷考查2道外，其余各卷均道外，其余各卷均未涉及。未涉及。另外，在短文填空中，每年也会另外，在短文填空中，每年也会查查12道根据文章道根据文章语语境填适当的境填适当的动词动词的的题题，此，此时时要要考考虑动词变单虑动词变单三形式、三形式、现现在分在分词词、过过去式和去式和过过去分去分词词。且。且设题设题考考查动词查动词的的规则变规则变化，化，较较少涉及不少涉及不规则变规则变化。考生可化。考生可结结合合话题话题写作写作天天天天见见识记动词变过识记动词变过去式、去式、过过去分去分词词的不的不规则规则形式形式。命题点命题点2 近义动词辨析近义动词辨析(9年年4卷卷5考，单选、完形考，单选、完形

9、)中考试练中考试练17.Where did you get the CD?From my friend.And I have _ it for three days.A.borrowed B.kept C.bought D.taken18.A smile _ nothing,but gives much.A.costs B.spends C.cost D.spentBA19.There was something wrong with the line.We couldnt _ each other clearly.A.listen B.sound C.hear D.speak20.Has J

10、ane done the washing yet?You cannot _ her to do such a thing.A.want B.hope C.expect D.wish21.It was such a long way that they didnt _ the hotel until it became dark.A.reach to B.arrive at C.get D.takeCCB 满分突破满分突破 分析重庆近分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，近义动词年中考真题可知，近义动词辨析在辨析在2016年、年、2015年均未涉及，但年均未涉及，但2014 A卷卷考查考查2道，道，201

11、1、2010和和2008年各考查年各考查1道，如道，如说话说话(say,talk,speak与与tell)、借、借(borrow,lend，与，与keep)、看、看(look,watch,see与与read)等。等。以下为几组中考常见的近义动词辨析：以下为几组中考常见的近义动词辨析：1.speak,tell,talk 与与say(2014 A卷卷43题，题，2010年年31题题)2.borrow,lend与与keep(2014 A卷卷28题题)3.look,see,watch与与read(2011年年41题题)4.dress,be in,put on与与wear(2008年年36题题)具体讲解

12、详见本书具体讲解详见本书P14具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P61 具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P10具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P15 5.bring,take,carry与与fetch(get)6.pay,spend,take与与 cost 7.listen,hear与与sound 8.arrive,reach与与get to具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P17具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P23 具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P9具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P16 9.give,offer,provide与与supply 10.discover,invent与与cre

13、ate 11.divide与与separate具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P37具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P77 具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P104 12.win与与beat 具体讲解详见本书具体讲解详见本书P36命题点命题点3 连系动词的用法及辨析连系动词的用法及辨析(轮考：轮考：9年年4卷卷5考，单选、短文填空考，单选、短文填空)中考试练中考试练22.TFBOYS songs _ sweet and many of us like listening to them.A.sound B.feel C.taste D.look23.The new sweater I boug

14、ht for my grandma _ soft.She likes it very much.A.looks B.smells C.tastes D.feelAD24.The meat on the plate _ so delicious.Lets try it together.A.smells B.sounds C.sees D.feels25.What about the blue skirt on the right?I think it will _ nice on you.A.feel B.look C.taste D.soundAB26.There are dark clou

15、ds,and the wind is blowing strongly.It _ that a typhoon is coming.A.feels B.sounds C.seems D.looksC 满分突破满分突破 分析重庆近分析重庆近9年中考真题可知，连系动词年中考真题可知，连系动词在单项选择中考查在单项选择中考查3次，在短文填空中考查次，在短文填空中考查2次，次，主要考查感官动词的用法及辨析。主要考查感官动词的用法及辨析。连接主语和表示主语身份、性质、状态的连接主语和表示主语身份、性质、状态的动词，称为连系动词。连系动词本身有词义，动词，称为连系动词。连系动词本身有词义，但不能单独作谓语

16、。具体分类如下表：但不能单独作谓语。具体分类如下表：类别类别功能功能 例句例句表示状态表示状态表示主语所处的状态表示主语所处的状态(2009年年84题题)be,seem 表示持续表示持续表示主语继续或保持某种身表示主语继续或保持某种身份或状态份或状态 keep,remain，stay,stand,lie 表示感官表示感官表示人体感官的系动词表示人体感官的系动词(3考考)look,feel,smell,taste,sound表示状表示状态变化态变化表示主语从一种状态变换表示主语从一种状态变换到另一种状态到另一种状态(2016 A卷卷34题题)become,get,go,grow,turn感官动词

17、的具体用法详见本书感官动词的具体用法详见本书P15 1.一般情况下，连系动词没有被动语一般情况下，连系动词没有被动语态形式。态形式。2.表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行表示状态的系动词一般不用于进行时时(feel除外除外)；表示状态变化的系动词可用；表示状态变化的系动词可用于进行时。如：于进行时。如：Its getting warmer and warmer.天气天气渐渐变得暖和。渐渐变得暖和。注注 意意第二节第二节 动词短语动词短语(必考：每卷必考：每卷14道，道，16.5分，单选、完形、完成句子分，单选、完形、完成句子)中考试练中考试练1.They heard the party was _

18、 because of the exam.A.put on B.put up C.put off D.put downC同一动词型同一动词型2.He ate a lot and did little exercise,so he _ 10 pounds.A.put on B.put away C.put out D.put offA3.Helen is going to work in an Old Peoples Home to help _ the old people.A.look forward to B.look after C.look through D.look at4.Wha

19、t are you going to do during the summer vacation?I am going to _ a new hobby like swimming or dancing.A.take off B.take up C.take after D.take inBB5.We planned to meet at 10：30 at the station last Sunday,but Bob didnt _ until 12：00.A.turn up B.give up C.stay up D.grow up6.This food is free.You dont

20、have to _ it.A.look for B.pay for C.ask for D.wait forAB同一介词同一介词/副词型副词型7.Jane is very busy these days,for she has a lot of problems to _ A.deal with B.keep up with C.agree with D.come up with8.Susan _ her friends invitation because of an important meeting.A.took down B.put down C.turned down D.wrote

21、 downAC9.Life is a journey with trouble,but with care and wisdom you can _ any problem you face.A.work out B.hand out C.find out D.put outA10.When will your new book _？It has not been decided yet.A.find out B.come out C.look up D.set up11.Its getting dark.Would you please _ the light?A.get on B.get

22、off C.turn on D.turn offBC混合型混合型12.They all _ Laura about building a museum here.A.waited for B.handed in C.agreed with D.knocked at13.I heard Mary was in hospital.How come?Her health _ under the pressure of work.A.broke down B.broke out C.went down D.went outCA14.The boy has a good habit to _ all t

23、he things in right places.A.put away B.put up C.take away D.take up15.When I got to the bus stop,the early bus had left and I had to _ the next one.A.give up B.keep off C.call off D.wait forAD16.你外出的时候，不要忘了关窗户。你外出的时候，不要忘了关窗户。Dont leave the windows open when you _ _17.当我们开会时，请关掉你的手机。当我们开会时，请关掉你的手机。Pl

24、ease _ _ your mobile phone when we are having a meeting.gooutturnoff18.如果你努力一些，你就会赶上你的同学如果你努力一些，你就会赶上你的同学 们们。If you work harder,youll _ _ with your classmates.19.人生价值并不取决于你是谁，而是你做什人生价值并不取决于你是谁，而是你做什 么。么。The value of life does not _ _ who you are,but what you do.catchupdependon 满分突破满分突破 分析重庆近分析重庆近9年中

25、考真题可知，在单项选年中考真题可知，在单项选择中每年都考查择中每年都考查1道动词短语，且选项中一般道动词短语，且选项中一般包含包含2个不同动词和个不同动词和2个不同介词个不同介词/副词，在完副词，在完形填空中仅形填空中仅2016 B卷、卷、2015A、B卷和卷和2014 B卷各考查卷各考查1道，且为不同动词不同介词道，且为不同动词不同介词/副词。副词。完成句子中每年均会考查完成句子中每年均会考查12道根据汉语提示道根据汉语提示翻译动词短语，且往年考过的来年还有可能考，翻译动词短语，且往年考过的来年还有可能考，如如hear from考查过考查过3次。次。look短语短语look after照料，

26、照顾照料，照顾(3考考)；look at看看(2016 B卷44题)；look forward to期盼；期盼；look up查阅，向上看；查阅，向上看；look through浏浏览；览；look for寻找；寻找；look like看起来像看起来像put短语短语put off推迟推迟(2014 B卷卷72题，题，2009年年37题题)；put on穿上穿上(2013 A卷卷35题题)；put out熄灭，出版；熄灭，出版；put up举手，张贴，搭建；举手，张贴，搭建；put away放好，储存；放好，储存；put down记下，记下，镇压镇压同一动词型同一动词型turn短语短语turn

27、on打开打开(2016 B卷卷32题，题，2015 B卷卷35题题)；turn down调小，拒绝；调小，拒绝；turn to向向求助；求助；turn off关掉；关掉；turn up调大；调大；turn on打开；打开；turn in上交；上交；turn out结果结果是是take短语短语take off(飞机飞机)起飞，脱掉起飞，脱掉(衣服衣服)(2011年年40题题)；take after与与相像；相像；take on呈现，呈现，承担；承担；take out取出；取出；take away带走；带走；take up占据；占据；take down写下，记下；写下，记下；take back取回

28、，撤销取回，撤销get短语短语get up起床，起来起床，起来(2015 A卷卷78题，题，2013 B卷卷72题题)；get on/along with与与相处相处(2014 A卷卷38题题)；get over克服；克服；get on上上车；车；get to到达；到达；get back回来；回来；get out出出去；去；get in进入；进入；get away from远离；远离；get ready for为为做准备做准备come短语短语come true实现实现(2016 B卷卷78题，题，2015 B卷卷78题题)；come out出现，出版；出现，出版；come on加油，加油，快点

29、；快点；come over突然感到；突然感到；come along出出现，跟随现，跟随 give短语短语give up放弃放弃(2014 B卷卷35题题)；give in屈服，屈服，让步；让步；give away捐赠；捐赠；give out散发，分散发，分发；发；give off发出发出(光、热等光、热等)go短语短语go on继续；继续；go back回到；回到；go away走开，走开，离开；离开；go by(时间时间)流逝；流逝；go over仔细检查；仔细检查；go off熄灭熄灭talk短语短语talk about谈论；谈论；talk with和和交谈；交谈；talk aloud大声

30、讨论；大声讨论；talk to与与谈话谈话call短语短语call for要求，需要；要求，需要；call up打电话；打电话；call on拜访，号召；拜访，号召；call in召集，召来召集，召来think短语短语 think out仔细考虑，认真盘算；仔细考虑，认真盘算；think about考虑；考虑；think over仔细考仔细考 虑；虑；think of想起想起up短语短语give up放弃放弃(2014 B卷卷35题题)；wake up醒来；醒来；stay up熬夜；熬夜；set up建立；建立；think up想出；想出；clean up打扫；打扫；pick up 捡起；捡起

31、；cheer up使使高兴；高兴；grow up长大；长大；bring up提出，抚养；提出，抚养；call up打打电话；电话；put up搭建；搭建；fix up修理修理out短语短语work out算出，解决算出，解决(2014 A卷卷72题题)；find out查明查明(2010年年40题题)；look out小小心；心；hand out分发；分发；take out取出，拿取出，拿出；出；come out出版，发表；出版，发表；go out出去出去同一同一介介词词/副词副词型型for短语短语wait for等待等待(2011年年70题题)；ask for请求；请求；send for派人

32、去叫；派人去叫；look for寻找；寻找；pay for为为付钱；付钱；care for照顾，照料；照顾，照料；leave for动动身去身去with短语短语 agree with赞同，持相同意见赞同，持相同意见(2015 A卷卷26题，题，2013 A卷卷72题题)；deal with处理，应付；处理，应付；come up with提出，想出提出，想出(主意、回答等主意、回答等)；connect with与与相连；相连；catch up with 赶赶上上(或超过或超过)；share with与与分享分享away短语短语 run away逃跑，跑掉逃跑，跑掉(2016 A卷卷35题，题，2

33、015 B卷卷43题题)；take away拿走；拿走；get away逃离；逃离；put away储存，放好；储存，放好；right away立刻，马上；立刻，马上；throw away扔掉；扔掉；give away 赠送，分发赠送，分发down短语短语 write down写下，记下写下，记下(2013 B卷卷37题题)；cut down砍倒；砍倒；look down on轻视，蔑视；轻视，蔑视；turn down调小；调小；put down放下；放下；lie down躺下；躺下；take down拆除，记下拆除，记下in短语短语hand in交上，提交，呈送交上，提交，呈送(2012年年

34、72题题)；take part in参加，参与参加，参与(2008年年71题题)；take in吸入，吞入吸入，吞入(体内体内)；believe in信任，信赖；信任，信赖；come in进来；进来；join in参加，加入；参加，加入；take pride in对对感到自豪感到自豪at短语短语 laugh at嘲笑，取笑嘲笑，取笑(2014 B卷卷44题题)；knock at敲；敲；aim at瞄准，针对，致力于，旨在；瞄准，针对，致力于，旨在；shout at冲冲大声叫嚷；大声叫嚷；stare at凝视凝视form短语短语hear from收到收到的来信的来信(3考考)；come from来自；来自；stay away from远离远离on短语短语 knock on敲击；敲击；decide on决定；决定；depend on依赖，取决于；依赖，取决于；concentrate on专心致志于；专心致志于；put on穿上；穿上；try on试穿；试穿；keep on继续继续