初中英语2024届中考考点词汇精讲0529(共16个).doc
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1、中考英语考点词汇精讲1.anywhereanywhere是副词,意为“在任何地方”,常用在否定句或疑问句中,而在肯定句中,则多用somewhere。例如:He cant find his English book anywhere.他到处找不到他的英语书。I think he must live somewhere.我觉得他肯定住在某个地方。2.fewfew 意为“少数的;很少的”,只修饰可数名词,表否定含义。例如:I can see few birds in the tree.我几乎看不到树上有鸟。a few 意为“几个;少许” 相当于several,只修饰可数名词复数,表肯定含义。例如:H
2、e has a few friends.他有几个朋友。【拓展】(1) little 意为“很少;一点儿”,用于 “量;额;价值”等概念,修饰不可数名词,表否定含义。little还表示“小的”之意。例如:There is little milk in the cup.杯子里没有牛奶了。A little boy is coming.一个小男孩过来了。(2) a little 意为“有点儿;少量” 修饰不可数名词,表示肯定含义。例如:He has a little money with him.他随身带了点儿钱。a little也可以用作副词,修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语,表示“有点,稍稍”。
3、例如:He is a little tired.他有点累了。You should walk a little faster.你应该走快一点。She was only a little over fifty years old.她才五十多一点。(3) 相关短语:quite a few = not a few 相当多的quite a little许多only a little = but a little 相当少3.most(1) most后可直接跟名词(可数或不可数),同时,也可接有形容词修饰的名词。例如:Most boys like playing football.大部分男孩都喜欢踢足球。(
4、2) most前有定冠词时,可用来修饰多音节形容词,表示最高级,意为“最”。但是,如果most前有不定冠词a,则表示“非常;很”,相当于very。例如:This is the most beautiful flower.这是最漂亮的花。She is a most beautiful girl.她是个非常漂亮的姑娘。(3) most后不能直接跟有定冠词、指示代词或物主代词所修饰的名词,用most of代替most。例如:I did most of that difficult work.那件困难的工作绝大部分都是由我做的。 Most of the time we eat fish.绝大部分时间我
5、们都吃鱼肉。【拓展】(1) almost = very nearly,指在程度上相差很少,almost可与no,none,nothing,never,nobody等表示否定意义的词连用。例如:I almost missed the flight我差一点误了航班。Almost no one believed what he said几乎没人相信他的话。(2) mostlymainly 意为“大部分、主要地”。例如:The students in our class are mostly from the factory.我们班的学生主要来自这家工厂。His stories were mostly
6、 about his travels in foreign countries他的故事大多是关于他在国外旅游的经历4.boredbored也是形容词,意为“感到厌烦的”,一般用来说明人的感受。例如:Im bored with the book.我对这本书厌烦了。【拓展】(1) boring是形容词,意为“令人厌烦的”,一般用来说明事物的特征。例如:The story is boring.这个故事令人厌烦。(2) 英语中,带-ing的形容词,用来形容事物,指某事物的性质、特征,意为“令人的”“让人的”,常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed的是用来形容人的,意为“感到的”“使人的”,其主语是人
7、,类似的词有:exciting 令人兴奋的/ interesting 令人感兴趣的/ moving 令人感动的/ tiring 令人厌倦的 excited (人)感到兴奋的/ interested(人)感兴趣的/ moved(人)感动的/ tired(人)感到疲倦/累/厌烦的 5.decidedecide是动词,意为“决定,选定”。常见用法有:(1) decide sth.意为“决定某事”。 例如:I cant decide anything at the moment.现在我不能做出任何决定。(2) decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。例如:We decide to go
8、to Paris next month.我们决定下个月去巴黎。The boy decided to be a sailor.那男孩决定做海员。The doctors decided to operate on him for the tumor.医生们决定为他开刀切除肿瘤。【拓展】decide on意为“由决定;决定于”。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如:I decided on going to Beijing at last.最后我决定去北京了。My mother decided on the red dress.我妈妈决定买下那件红色的裙子。6.enough(1) enough作形容
9、词,意为“充足的,充分的,足够的”,可作表语或定语,作定语时,可放在名词的前面或后面。例如:The food is enough for the trip.用于这次旅行的食物足够了。I have enough time to watch TV.我有足够的时间看电视。(2) enough还可作副词,意为“足够地”,这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如:The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。【拓展】(1) enoughto do sth.“有足够的做某事”。例如:I dont hav
10、e enough time to eat lunch.我没有足够的时间吃午饭。(2) enough to do可以同tooto或sothat结构互相转换。例如:He isnt old enough to go to school.= He is too young to go to school.= He is so young that he cant go to school.他太小而不能上学。7.seemseem是系动词,意为“好像,似乎,看来”,后常接形容词。例如:He seems very angry.他好像非常生气。【拓展】seem的用法归纳:(1) seem + 名词 例如:He
11、 seems a nice man.他看起来是个好人。(2) seem like意为“好像,似乎”。 例如:It seemed like not a bad idea at that time.那时这主意好像不错。(3) seem to do sth.意为“似乎、看来、好像做某事”。例如:I seem to have left my book at home.我好像把书忘在家里了。(4) It seems that或It seemed that意为“看起来好像,似乎”。例如:It seemed that he was very happy.他看上去好像很高兴。(5) seem to be +
12、形容词或名词 例如:She seems to be happy.她看起来很高兴。8.trytry to do sth.意为“设法去做某事,尽量去做某事”,其否定形式为try not to do sth.。例如:Try not to be late again.尽量别再迟到了。Try to get here in two hours.尽量在两小时之内到达。【拓展】(1) try doing sth.意为“试着做某事”,强调尝试做某事。例如:You should try eating more vegetables.你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。(2) try ones best to do sth.意为
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