初中英语2024届中考考点词汇精讲0528(共16个).doc
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1、中考英语考点词汇精讲1.finishfinish意为“完成,结束”,作及物动词时,其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。即:finish sth.或finish doing sth.。例如:I finished my homework this morning.我今天上午做完了作业。When did you finish drawing the picture? 你什么时候画完那幅画的?【拓展】能接v.-ing作宾语的动词还有:practice; enjoy; mind; keep等。practice doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事mind doing sth.
2、介意做某事keep doing sth.一直做某事2.afraid(1)be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”,be afraid 之后可接不定式,也可接名词、代词或of doing sth.。例如:She was afraid to tell you.她害怕告诉你。She is afraid of going out alone late at night.她很怕深夜独自外出。Im afraid of the dog.我怕狗。(2)但若要表示担心可能会发生某事,则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。例如:Im afraid of
3、 being late for class.我担心上课迟到。(3)be afraid后可接that从句。例如:He is afraid that his father will be unhappy.他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。3.realize(1) realize作为及物动词,意为“认识到,了解”。例如:He didnt realize his mistake until his mother told him.直到妈妈告诉他,他才认识到自己的错误。I didnt realize how late it was.我没有意识到天已经那么晚了。When he realized what had h
4、appened, he was sorry.当他明白发生了什么事时,他感到很难过。(2) realize还可以表示“实现;完成”的意思。例如:The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress.那个女孩当演员的梦想终于实现了。【拓展】realize与recognize这两个词都有“认识,识别”的意思,但在具体用法上又有所差别。(1)recognize也可以用作及物动词,表示“认出, 辨认”的意思。例如:I recognized his voice.我辨认出了他的声音。I recognized her as my friends
5、daughter.我认出了她是我朋友的女儿。(2)recognize还可以表示“清楚知道;认定”的意思。例如:I recognized him to be cleverer than I am.我认识到他比我聪明。4.improveimprove既可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,意为“改进,提高,改善”,表示某事或某种情况逐渐好转。例如:Their French has improved a lot. 他们的法语进步很大。We havent discovered how to improve it.我们还没找到如何改进它的办法。Youd better work out a plan to
6、improve your writing skills.你最好制定一个提高写作能力的计划。We are always seeking to improve productivity.我们一直在设法提高生产率。5.discoverdiscover通常用作及物动词,主要用法有:(1)表示“发现”某一具体的东西,后接名词或代词作宾语。例如:Who discoveredAmerica? 谁发现了美洲?It was discovered among waste paper.这是在废纸中发现的。(2) 表示“发现”某一情况,其后可以接名词或代词作宾语,也可接复合宾语或特殊疑问词+不定式作宾语。例如:We
7、soon discovered the truth.我们很快发现了事实真相。We discovered her to be a good cook.我们发现她很会煮饭。We havent discovered how to improve it.我们还没找到如何改进它的办法。【拓展】辨析:discover,find及invent(1)discover意为“发现,发觉(原先没看见或不知道的事物)”。He discovered electricity.他发现了电。(2)find 意为“找到;得到,求得”。I can find the answer to the question.我找到了问题的答案
8、。(3)invent 意为“发明,创造”。He invented the first electric clock.他发明了第一个电动机械钟。6.look uplook up 意为“(在词典或参考书中)查阅,检查”,其后跟名词作宾语,名词可放在look和up之间,也可放在look up 之后;如果代词作宾语,则只能放在look和up之间。例如:Look up the word in the book, and you will know its meaning.在书中查查这个词,你就知道它的意思了。Please look them up in the dictionary carefully.
9、请仔细在词典中查一下它们。【拓展】look 的相关短语:look up(在字典、参考书中)查询所需的信息look for寻找look over(医生)仔细检查look around 环顾四周look after照看look at 看look down on 看不起7.patient(1) patient作形容词,意为“有耐心的, 能忍受的”,后接with/of。Hes a very patient man.他是个很有耐心的人。(2) patient作名词,意为“病人”。The doctor is very patient with his patients.那位医师对病人十分耐心。Would
10、you mind making some room for the patient?请你给这位病人让点儿地方出来行吗?8.create(1) create作动词,意为“创造,创作,创建”。God creates human beings.上帝创造了人类。An artist should create beautiful things.一个艺术家应该创造美丽的东西。It is people who create history. 是人民创造了历史。【拓展】creative作形容词,意为“有创造性的,有创意的”。Yoga releases the creative potential in lif
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