水利专业名词（中英文对照）.docx

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1、B坝的上游面坡度 坝的下游面 坝顶坝顶长度 坝顶超高 坝高 坝顶高程 坝顶宽度 坝段 坝基处理 坝基排水 坝基渗漏 坝肩坝壳 坝坡 坝坡排水 坝体混凝土分区 坝体排水系统 坝型选择 坝址选择 坝趾坝踵 坝轴线 本构模型 鼻坎比尺 比降 闭门力 边墩 边界层 边墙 边缘应力 变形观测水利专业名词（中英）A安全储备safety reserve安全系数safety factor安全性safety岸边溢洪道river-bank spillway岸边绕渗by-pass seepage around bank slope岸墙abutment wall岸塔式进水 口 bank-tower intakeups

2、tream slpoe of dam downstream face of dam dam crestcrest lengthfreeboard of dam crestdam height crest elevation crest width monolithfoundation treatmentdrain in dam foundation leakage of dam foundation dam abutmentdam shelldam slopedrain on slopegrade zone of concrete in dam drainage system in dam s

3、election of dam type selection of dam sitedam toedam heeldam axisconstitutive modelbucketscalegradientclosing force side pier boundary layer side wallboundary stressdeformation observation人 I：材料心墙坝 earth-rock dam with manufactured central core人字闸门任意料区 溶洞柔度系数 褥垫式排水 软弱夹层mitre gatemiscellaneous aggrega

4、te zone solution cavernS三角网法 三角形单元 三心圆拱坝 三轴试验 扇形闸门 上游 设计洪水位 设计基准期 设计阶段 设计阶段划分 设计流量 设计状况系数 设计准则 伸缩缝 渗流比降 渗流变形 渗流分析 渗流量 渗流体积力 渗流系数 生态环境 生态平衡 失效概率 施工导流 施工缝 施工管理 施工条件 施工图阶段 施工进度 实体重力坝 实用剖面 实用堰 事故闸门 视准线法 收缩段枢纽布置flexibility coefficient horizontal blanket drainage weak intercalation triangulation method tr

5、iangular element three center arch dam triaxial testsector gate upstream design flood level design reference period design stagedividing of design stage design discharge design state coefficient design criteria contraction joint seepage gradient seepage deformation seepage analysis seepage discharge

6、 mass force of seepage permeability coefficient ecological environment ecological balance probability of failure construction diversion construction joint construction management construction condition construction drawing stage construction progress solid gravity dam practical profile practical wei

7、r emergency gate collimation method constringent section layout of hydraulic complex输水建筑物 竖式排水 数值分析 双层衬砌 双曲拱坝水电站地下厂房 水电站建筑物 水垫塘 水工建筑物 水工隧洞 水环境水库吹程水库浸没水库渗漏 水库坍岸水库淹没 水力资源水力劈裂 水利工程 水利工程设计water conveyance structure vertical drainage numerical analysis double-layer lining double curvature arch dam underg

8、round power house hydroelectric station structure cushion basinhydraulic structurehydraulic tunnel water environmentfetchreservoir submersionreservoir leakagereservoir bank cavingreservoir inundationwater power resourcehydraulic fracturehydraulic engineering, water project design of hydroproject水利工程

9、枢纽分等rank of hydraulic complex 水利枢纽hydraulic complex水面线water level line水能水平位移 水体污染 水土流失 水位急降 水压力 水闸水质 水资源 顺坝四边形单元 塑性破坏 塑性变形 塑性区 锁坝 锁定器hydraulic energy horizontal displacement water pollution water and soil loss instantaneous reservoir drawdown hydraulic pressu sluicewater qualitywater resources longi

10、tudinal dike quadrangular element failure by plastic flow plastic deformation plastic range closure dike dog deviceT 型墩T-type pier塌落拱法roof collapse arch method塔式进水口tower intake台阶式溢流坝面step-type overflow face弹塑性理论 弹性基础梁 弹性抗力 弹性中心 弹性理论 特殊荷载组合 体形优化设计 挑距 挑流消能 挑射角 调压室 贴坡排水 通航建筑物 通气孔 土工复合材料 土工膜 土工织物 土石坝 土压

11、力土质材料斜墙坝 土质心墙坝 驼峰堰 椭圆曲线WWES型剖面堰 外水压力 弯矩平衡 围岩 围岩强度 围岩稳定分析 围岩压力 帷幕灌浆 维修 尾水渠 温度缝 温度计 温度应变 温度应力 温降 温升 污水处理 无坝取水 无粘性土 无压泄水孔elastoplastic theory beam on elastic foundation elastic resistance elastic centre theory of elasticity special load combination shape optimizing design jet trajectory distance ski-ju

12、mp energy dissipation exit angle of jet surge tank surface drainage on dam slope navigation structure air hole geosynthetic geomembrane geotexile earth-rock dam earth pressureearth-rock dam with inclined soil core earth-rock dam with central soil core hump weirelliptical curveWES curve profile weir

13、external water pressure moment equilibrium surrounding rock strength of surrounding rocksurrounding rock pressu curtain grouting maintenance tail water canal temperature joint thermometer temperature strain temperature stress temperature drop temperature rise sewage treatment undamed intake cohesion

14、less soil free-flow outletX下游现场检查 橡胶坝 消力池 消能防冲设计 消能工 校核洪水位 校核流量 斜缝斜墙 泄洪洞 泄洪雾化 泄水重力坝 胸墙 悬臂梁汛期Y压力计压缩曲线 淹没系数 扬压力 养护液化 溢洪道 溢流面 溢流前缘 溢流堰顶 溢流重力坝 翼墙翼墙式连接 引航道 引水渠 引张线法 应力分析 应力集中 应力应变观测 应力重分布 永久缝优化设计 有坝取水 有效库容 预压加固 预应力衬砌downstreamfield inspectionrubber damstilling basindesign of energy dissipation and erosio

15、n controlenergy dissipatorwater level of check floodcheck flood dischargeinclined jointinclined coreflood discharge tunnelflood discharge atomizationoverflow gravity dambreast wallcantiever beamflood periopressure metercompressive curvecoefficient of submergenceupliftcureliquifactionspillwayoverflow

16、 facelength of overflow crestoverflow crestoverflow gravity damwing wallwing wall type connectionapproach channeldiversion canaltense wire methodstress analysisstress concentrationstress-strain observationstress redistributionpermanent jointoptimizing designbarrage intakeeffective storagesoil improv

17、ement by preloadingprestressed lining原型prototype约束条件constraint condition允许水力坡降 allowable hydraulic gradient Z增量法increment method闸底板floor of slui闸墩pier闸孑Lsluice opening闸孑L跨B巨span of sluice opening闸门槽gate slot闸室chamber of sluice闸首lock head闸址sluice site正槽溢洪道chute spillw正常使用极限状态 limit state of normal op

18、eration 正应力normal stress正常溢洪道main spillw 支墩坝buttress dam止水watertight seal止水装置sealing device趾板toe slab趾墩toe pier滞回圈hysteresis loop主应力principal stress纵缝longitudinal joint阻尼比damped ratio作用action作用水头working pressure head最优含水率 optimum moisture content变中心角变半径拱坝 标准贯入试验击数 冰压力薄壁堰薄拱坝不均匀沉降裂缝不平整度材料力学法材料性能分项系数侧槽

19、溢洪道侧轮侧收缩系数测缝计插入式连接差动式鼻坎掺气掺气槽掺气减蚀厂房顶溢流沉降沉井基础沉沙池沉沙建筑物沉沙条渠沉陷缝沉陷观测衬砌的边值问题衬砌计算衬砌自重承载能力承载能力极限状态持住力齿墙冲击波重现期抽排措施抽水蓄能电站厂房 出口段初步设计阶段 初参数解法 初生空化数variable angle and radius arch dam number of standard penetration test ice pressuresharp-crested weir thin-arch damdifferential settlement crackirregularity method of

20、 strength of materials partial factor for property of material side channel spillwayside rollercoefficient of side contractionjoint meterinsert type connectiondifferential bucketaerationaeration slotcavitation control by aerationspill over power housesettlementsunk shaft foundationsediment basinsedi

21、mentary structuresedimentary channelsettlement jointsettlement observation boundary value problem of lining lining calculation dead-weight of liningbearing capacitylimit state of bearing capacityholding forcecut-off wall shock wave冲沙闸flush sluice冲刷坑scour hole return periodpump drainage measure pump-

22、storage power house outlet section preliminary design stage preliminary parameter solution incipient cavitation number初应力法 船闸 垂直升船机 纯拱法 次要建筑物 刺墙 粗粒土 错缝Dinitial stress method navigation lock vertical ship lift independent arch method secondary structure key-wall coarse-grained soil staggered joint大坝安

23、全评价 大坝安全监控 大坝老化 大头坝 单层衬砌 单级船闸 单线船闸 挡潮闸 挡水建筑物 导流洞 导墙 倒虹吸管 倒悬度 等半径拱坝assessment of dam safety monitor of dam safety dam aging massive-head dam monolayer lining lift locksingle line lock tide sluiceretaining structure diversion tunnel guide wall inverted siphon overhangconstant radius arch dam等中心角变半径拱坝

24、constant angle and variable radius arch dam底流消能底缘地基变形地基变形模量地基处理地下厂房energy dissipation by hydraulic jump bottom edgefoundation deformationdeformation modulus of foundationfoundation treatmentunderground power house地下厂房出线洞 地下厂房交通洞 地下厂房通风洞 地下厂房尾水洞 地下轮廓线 地下水地形条件 地形图比例尺 地应力 地震地震烈度地质条件 垫层地下厂房变压器洞 transfor

25、mer tunnel of underground power housebus-bar tunnel of underground power house access tunnel of underground power house ventilation tunnel of underground power house tailwater tunnel of underground power house under outline of structuregroundwatertopographical conditionscale of topographical mapgrou

26、nd stressearthquakeearthquake intensitygeological conditioncushion座耳度坎流水代梁坝垫吊调跌跌跌迭叠丁分匕plinthlift eye dispatch drop-step drop energy dissipation dropiteration methodstoplog spur dike定向爆破堆石坝 directed blasting rockfill dam动强度 dynamic strength动水压力hydrodynamic pressure洞内孔板消能 洞内漩流消能 洞身段 洞室群 洞轴线energy diss

27、ipation by orifice plate in tunnel energy dissipation with swirling flow in tunnel tunnel body sectioncavern grouptunnel axis陡坡steep slope渡槽短管型进水口 intake with pressure short pipe 断层fault堆石坝rockfill damE二道坝F发电洞 筏道 反弧段 反滤层 防冲槽 防洪防洪限制水位 防浪墙 防渗墙 防渗体 放空底孔 非常溢洪道 非线性有限元对数螺旋线拱坝log spiral arch dam 多级船闸multi-

28、stage lock多线船闸multi-line lock多心 圆拱坝 multi-centered arch dam 多用途隧洞 multi-use tunnel secondary dampower tunnellogwaybucketfiltererosion control trenchflood preventi, flood controlrestricted stage for flood prevention parapetanti-sccpagc wallanti-seepage bodyunwatering bottom outletemergency spillwayno

29、n-linear finite element method非溢流重力坝 nonoverflow gravity dam分岔fork分洪闸flood diversion sluice分项系数partial factor分项系数极限状态设计法 limit state design method of partial factor封拱arch closure封拱温度 closure temperature浮筒式升船机ship lift with floats浮箱闸门floating camel gate浮运水闸floating sluice刚体极限平衡法 刚性支护钢筋混凝土衬砌 钢筋计钢闸门 高边

30、坡 高流速泄水隧洞 工程管理 工程规划 工程量 工程设计 工程施工 工作桥 工作闸门辅助消 能工appurtenant energydissipation rigid limit equilibrium method rigid supportreinforced concrete lining reinforcement meter steel gatehigh side slopedischarge tunnel with high velocity project managementproject planquantity of workengineering designengine

31、ering constructionservice bridgemain gate拱坝坝肩岩体稳定 stability of rock mass near abutment of arch dam 拱坝布置layout of arch dam拱坝上滑稳定分析 up-sliding stability analysis of arch dam拱坝体形shape of arch dam拱端arch abutment拱冠拱冠梁法 拱冠梁剖面 拱内圈拱外圈 固结 固结灌浆 管涌 灌溉 规范 过坝建筑物 过滤层 过渡区 过木机arch crowncrown cantilever method profi

32、le of crown cantilever intradosextradosconsolidationconsolidation grouting pipingirrigationcode, specification structures for passing dam transition layer transition zonelog conveyer过木建筑物 过鱼建筑物 H海漫 涵洞 河道冲刷 荷载 荷载组合 横缝 横拉闸门 洪水标准 虹吸溢洪道log pass structures fish-pass structures高形岸坡坦琉坡楔厚弧护护护摩滑滑flexibleculv

33、ertriver bed scourloadload combinationtransverse jointhorizontal rolling /sliding gate flood standardsiphon spillwaythickness to hight ratioradial gatebank-protection worksslope protectionapronbucke-type energy dissipation land slipsliding wedge method滑雪道式溢洪道skijump spillway环境评价 换土垫层 回填灌浆 混凝土 混凝土衬砌e

34、nvironment assessment cushion of replaced soil backfill grouting concreteconcrete lining混凝土 防渗墙 concrete cutoff wall混凝土面板 concrete face slab混凝土面板堆石坝 concrete-faced rockfill dam混凝土重力坝concrete gravity dam基本荷载组合 基本剖面 基面排水 激光准直发 极限平衡法 极限状态 坚固系数 剪切模量 剪切应力 检查检修闸门 简单条分法 建筑材料basic load combination basic pro

35、file base level drainage method of laser alignment limit equilibrium method limit statesoundness coefficient shear modulusshear stress inspection bulkhead simple slices method construction material简化毕肖普法 simplified Bishops method渐变段 transition键槽浆砌石重力坝 交叉建筑物 交通桥 校核洪水位 校核流量 接触冲刷 接触流土 节制闸 结构可靠度 结构力学法ke

36、y/key-waycement-stone masonry gravity dam crossing structure access bridgewater level of check floocheck flood dischargecontact washingsoil flow on contact surface controlling sluice reliability of structure structural mechanics method结构系数 截流环 截水槽 进口段 进口曲线 进水喇叭口 进水闸 浸润面 浸润线 经济评价 井式溢洪道 静水压力 均质土坝struc

37、tural coefficient cutoff collar cutoff trench inletinlet curveinlet bellmouthinlet sluicesaturated area saturated line economic assessment shaft spillway hydrostatic pressure homogeneous earth dam开敞式溢洪道 open channel spillway 开裂机理crack mechanism勘测exploration survey坎上水深water d叩th on sill抗冲刷性scour resi

38、stance抗冻性 frost resistance抗滑稳定安全系数 safety coefficient of stability against sliding抗剪断公式 抗剪强度 抗裂性 抗磨 抗侵蚀性 抗震分析 颗粒级配曲线 可靠度指标shear-break strength formula shear strength crack resistance abrasion-resistance crosion-rcsistanccanalysis of earthquake resistance grain size distribution curve reliability ind

39、ex可行性研究设计阶段 design stage of feasibility study 空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空腹拱坝 空化 空化数 空蚀 空隙水压力 控制堰 枯水期 库区 宽顶堰 宽缝重力坝 宽高比 扩散段 扩散角L拦沙坎 拦污栅 廊道 浪压力 棱体排水 理论分析 力法方程 连续式鼻坎 联合消能 梁式渡槽 量水建筑物 裂缝临界水力坡降 临时缝hollow arch dam cavitation cavitation number cavitation damage pore water pressure control weir low water period

40、reservoir area broad crested weir slotted gravity dam width to height ratio expanding section divergent anglesediment control silltrash rackgallerywave pressureprism drainagetheory analysiscanonical equation of force methodplain bucketcombined energy dissipationbeam-type flumewater-measure structure

41、crackcritical hydraulic gradienttemporary joint临时性水工建筑物 temporary hydraulic structurehorseshoe sectionfluctuating pressureanchor supportgate flaplabyrinth weirenergy dissipation of surface regime model test流量 流速流态 流土流网 流向露顶式闸门M马蹄形断面 脉动压力 锚杆支护 门叶 迷宫堰 面流消能 模型试验discharge flow velocity flow pattern soil

42、 flow flow net flow direction emersed gate摩擦公式friction factor formula摩擦系数coefficient of friction目标函数 objective function N内 部应力internal stress内摩擦角internal frictionangle内 水压力internal water pressure挠度观测 deflection observation 泥沙压力silt pressure粘性土cohesive soil碾压混凝土重力坝 roller compacted concrete gravity d

43、am凝聚力 cohesion扭曲式鼻坎 distorted type bucketP排沙底孔flushbottom outlet排沙漏斗flushfunnel排沙隧洞flushtunnel排水drainage排水孔drainhole排水设施drainage facilities步由物线拱坝parabolic arch dam喷混凝土支护 shotcrete support喷锚支护spray concrete and deadman strut漂木道log chute平板坝flat slab buttress dam平衡重式升船机 vertical ship lift with counter weight平面闸门plain gate平压管equalizing pipe坡率slope ratio破碎带crush zoneQ启闭机 启门力 砌石拱坝 潜坝 潜孔式闸门 倾斜仪 曲线形沉沙池 渠首 渠道渠系建筑物 取水建筑物铺盖blanket hoistlifting forcestone masonry arch dam submerged dam submerged gate clinometercurved sedimentary basin canal headcanalcanal system structure water intake structure