医学免疫学学习资料：免疫.docx

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1、第一阶段测试题（免疫分子）（选择题40道，选择一个最佳答案）1 .免疫系统的三大功能为A.免疫防御、免疫应答、免疫记忆C.免疫防御、免疫记忆、免疫监视E.免疫应答、免疫自稳、免疫监视2 .动物新生期切除胸腺的后果是A.细胞免疫功能缺陷、体液免疫功能正常C.细胞和体液免疫功能均不受影响E.机体造血和免疫功能均有损害3 .免疫反应性是指抗原能够A.刺激机体发生免疫应答的性能B.免疫应答、免疫记忆、免疫监视D.免疫防御、免疫自稳、免疫监视B.细胞免疫功能正常、体液免疫功能缺陷D.细胞免疫功能缺陷、体液免疫功能受损B.与相应抗体特异性结合，发生免疫反应的性能C.刺激机体产生抗体的性能D.与相应免疫应答

2、产物特异性结合，发生免疫反应的性能E.与致敏淋巴细胞特异性结合，发生免疫反应的性能 4.不完全抗原（半抗原）A.既有免疫原性，又有免疫反应性，且与蛋白质载体偶联后，才能与相应抗体结合B.只有免疫反应性，无免疫原性D.既无免疫原性，又无免疫反应性5既有免疫反应性，又有免疫原性A.抗原决定簇B.胸腺依赖性抗原6 .可引起交叉反应A.抗原决定簇B.胸腺依赖性抗原7 .直接刺激B细胞产生抗体A.抗原决定簇B.胸腺依赖性抗原8 .决定抗原特异性A.抗原决定簇B.胸腺依赖性抗原9 .完全抗原A.只有免疫原性，无免疫反应性C.既无免疫原性，又无免疫反应性E.不能激发细胞免疫应答C,只有免疫原性，而无免疫反应

3、性E.与抗原决定簇具有相似的含义C.胸腺非依赖性抗原D.完全抗原 E.共同抗原C.胸腺非依赖性抗原D.完全抗原E.共同抗原C.胸腺非依赖性抗原D.完全抗原E.共同抗原C.胸腺非依赖性抗原D.完全抗原E.共同抗原B.只有免疫反应性，无免疫原性D.既有免疫原性，又有免疫反应性10 .甲胎蛋白A.自身抗原 B.异种抗原C.异嗜性性抗原D.肿瘤相关抗原E.肿瘤特异性抗原11 .甲状腺球蛋白A.自身抗原 B.异种抗原 C.异嗜性性抗原D.肿瘤相关抗原E.肿瘤特异性抗原12 .关于免疫球蛋白和抗体的说法，哪种是正确的A.免疫球蛋白就是抗体，二者具有相同的含义B.免疫球蛋白均为抗体，抗体不一定都是免疫球蛋白

4、C.免疫球蛋白与抗体不同，二者也不相关D.抗体均为免疫球蛋白，而免疫球蛋白不一定都是抗体E.抗体和免疫球蛋白只存在于血液和体液中，二者均有免疫功能13 .关于Ig的描述，正确的是A.具有抗原性B. IgD构成的免疫复合物可通过Clq激活补体C. IgM中含分泌片D.Ig中有k和X两类重链 E.可被胃蛋白酶水解成Fab和Fc段14 .具有亲细胞作用的抗体是A. IgMB. IgDC. IgED. IgGE. IgA15 .免疫球蛋白分类的主要依据是A. L链B. H链C.二硫键数目 D.单体数 E,分子量大小16 .补体固有成分中，分子量最大的是A. C3B. C5C. C1D. C4E. C9

5、17 .补体系统在激活后可以A.诱导免疫耐受B.抑制变态反应C.结合细胞毒性T细胞D.启动抗体的类别转换E.裂解细菌18 .参与替代途径激活补体的物质是A. IgG B. IgMC. IgD D. LPS19 .经典途径的C3转化酶是A. C4b2a3bB. C3bnBbC. C3bBbE. C56789n 20.旁路途径的C3转化酶是A. C4b2b3b B. C3bnBb C. C3bBbD. C4b2b21 .经典途径的C5转化酶是A. C4b2a3b B. C3bnBbC. C3bBb D. C4b2a22 .具有调理吞噬作用的补体裂解产物是E. MBLD. C4b2aE. C5678

6、9nE. C56789nA. C2b B. C3b C. C5bD. C2aE. C4a23.关于IL-2的生物学效应，错误的是A.以自分泌和旁分泌方式发挥作用B.促进T细胞和B细胞的增殖分化C.增强NK细胞、单核细胞的活性 D.抑制Thl细胞分泌IFN- 丫 E.诱导LAK细胞形成 24.能杀伤细胞的细胞因子是A. IL-2 B. TNF-aC.干扰素 D. IL-4E. IL-125. Th2细胞主要分泌A. IFN-aB. IL-4 C. IFN-yD. TNF-BE. IL-226. 巨噬细胞主要产生的细胞因子是A. IL-1 B. IL-2C. IL-4D. IL-5E. IL-10

7、27. 关于HLA-H类抗原分子，正确的是A.由Q链和B 2m链组成 B.呈递外源性抗原 C.分布在所有有核细胞的表面D.由HLA-A、B、C等基因编码E.可与CD8分子结合28. HLA复合体基因不编码A. HLA-I类分子的重链B. HLAT类分子的轻链C. HLATI类分子的a链D. HLA-II类分子的B链E. B因子29. Which of the following is true of idiotypes?A. This describes the Fc region of an AbB. This is the Ag binding region of an AbC. It i

8、s made up of hypervarible regions of both the heavy and the light chainD. b and cE. all of the above30. The functions of the constant domains of an 1g molecule include:A. Binding of AgB. Activation of complementC. Acting as an opsoninD. a and cE. b and c31. Which of the following is true about the t

9、hymus?A. It is a primary lymphoid organB. It is the site of maturation of B cellsC. Cells which would react to self-Ag are eliminated during development in this organD. a and cE. All of the above32. Lymphocyte recirculation involves cells moving from the blood to the lymph nodes (or other secondary

10、lymphoid tissue) and then back to the blood and tissues. The purpose of this is:A. To increase the opportunity to come in contact with AgB. To remain self-tolerantC. To activate epithelial cellsD. To receive activation signalsE. All of the above33. Secretion of IgA to the mucous membranes is mediate

11、d through attachment of a secretory chain. Which cell is responsible for production of this chain?A. The B cellC. The Th2 cellB.D. The epithelial cellThe plasma cellE. All of theabove34. Clqrs is able to:A. Cleave C3 to C3bB. Bind to Fc regionof IgM and IgGC. Directly activatethemembrane attack comp

12、lexD. Directly activatethealternative pathway of CE. Allof the above35. To human beings,HLAantigen has been assigned toA. self antigenD. common antigenB. alloreactive antigenE. superantigenC. neoantigen36. Among complementsplit products, what mediate chemoattractive effect?A. C3b、 C567B. C3b、 C5b、 C

13、567C. C6、 C9、 C2b、 C4bD. C3a C2aE. C3a C5a37. The mutation of common y receptor for IL-2 would lead to the deficiency of all cells except ,A. Thl cells B. B cells C. neutrophils D. NK cells E. Th2 cells 38. Human IgM A. cross the placenta. B. consists of 3 subunits linked together by a J chain.C. pr

14、otects mucosal surfaces.D. most efficiently activates complement.E. is the antibody produced by high affinity plasma cells39. Monoclonal antibodies produced by hybridoma technology A. are usually of human origin.B. are each the result of immortalization of a single monocyte.C. usually have specifici

15、ty predetermined by prior immunization.D. are prepared by fusion of T lymphocytes and myeloma cells.E. a monoclonal antibody recognize multiple epitopes.40. One reason why different individuals can mount T cell responses to specific peptides and others cannot is because-A. they lack the expression o

16、f class I or class II MHC molecules on specific cell types.B. the peptides that can be presented by the MHC molecules that a person inherited are limited.C. of an imbalance in the CD4/CD8 T cell ratio.E. different cytokinesD. of costimulatory molecules.第二阶段测试题(免疫细胞) 选择题(20*5=100)1.T细胞的生物学功能不包括:A.产生细

17、胞因子B.直接杀伤靶细胞2.3.D.诱导抗体的类别转换关于免疫细胞和膜分子，错误的组合是A.辅助性T细胞CD4抗原阳性C.细胞毒性T细胞CD8抗原阳性E.人红细胞MHCT类抗原阳性B细胞表面最重要的标志为C.参与对病毒的免疫应答E.介导ADCC效应B.单核吞噬细胞MHC-H类抗原阳性D.NK细胞-CD56抗原阳性4.A. SmlgThl细胞分泌A. IFN-yB. Fc yRB. IL-45.有特异性抗原受体的细胞是A. B淋巴细胞B.浆细胞6.7.8.9.10.11.C.CD40D. CD5E. CD80C. IL-5D. IL-6E. IL-10C.巨噬细胞D. NK细胞E.单核细胞可通过

18、ADCC作用介导细胞毒作用的细胞是A.浆细胞B. CTLC. B细胞 D. NK细胞只有T细胞才具有的表面标记为A.识别抗原受体T细胞的表面分子A. CD3 B. CD19B. C3受体C.KIRE.肥大细胞树突状细胞的表面分子A. CD3B. CD19C.NK细胞的表面分子A. CD3B. CD19What s the most activeC. andA. Platelet B.EosinophilC.细胞因子受体 D. CD3分子E.有丝分裂原受体KIRKIRvoraciousE. TL-2E. IL-2D. MHC-II white blood cell inC. Macrophage

19、 D. NeutrophilE. IL-2the human body?E. Lymphocyte12.A. Ag presentation of T cellsB. Secretion of cytokinesC. PhagocytosisD. Ag presentation to B cellsE. ImmunoregulationWhich of the following is NOT a function of the monocyte-macrophage cell line?13.B. They cannot self renewD. They produce only gran

20、ulocytesC. They produce only lymphocytesE. None of the aboveWhich of the following is true of hematopoietic stem cells: A. They are able to form all the cells in the bloodM.A. PolysaccharidesB. Proteins/peptidesC. Nucleic acidsWhich of the following types of antigens would not be recognized by T cel

21、ls?D. a and c would not be recognizedE. None of them would be recognized15.Which of the following is true about the thymus?A. It is a primary lymphoid organB. It is the site of maturation of B cellsC. Cells which would react to self-Ag are eliminated during development in this organD. a and cE. All

22、of the above16. Thl cells do not A. express CD4 B. produce IFN-y C. activate macrophagesD. bind soluble antigenE. secrete IL_217. All of the following are true about receptors of the innate system, EXCEPT that they-A. include those of the toll familyB. recognize molecular patterns associated with gr

23、oups of microbes.C. include CD14 and scavenger receptors.D. include MHC molecules.E. do not include Ig a and Ig P18. Plasma cells are:A. T cells that have been triggered by antigen to mature to antibody-producing cells.B. T cells that have migrated to germinal centers of the body.C. Cells that make

24、plasma.D.B cells that have been stimulated by antigen to mature.E.none of the above.19. B cells usually require T cell help to mature plasma cells becauseA. T cells present antigen to themB. most B cells in the circulation need thymic hormones secreted by the antigen presenting cell to mature to a p

25、lasma cellC. T cells produce cytokines that enhance their responsiveness to antigenD. all of the aboveE. none of the above20. Neutrophils are the primary cellular infiltrate in an antibody-mediated hypersensitivity becauseA. they present antigen to T cellsB. they are capable of mediating ADCCC. neut

26、rophils respond to the chemotactic associated with complement activationD. neutrophil diapedesis is difficult in the presence of chemotactic factors E. none of the above第三阶段测试题（免疫应答）选择题：1 .关于免疫应答的叙述，错误的是A.需经抗原诱导产生B.分为体液和细胞免疫应答两种类型C.其结局总是对机体有益的D.有多种细胞及分子参与E.在外周免疫器官中发生2 .机体受外源抗原刺激后，发生免疫应答的部位是A.骨髓 B.淋巴

27、结 C.胸腺 D.腔上囊 E.外周血3 .在免疫应答过程中，巨噬细胞A.产生抗体B.表达TCR C.产生细胞因子D.表达CD3分子 E.发生基因重排4 .免疫应答的基本过程包括A.识别、活化、效应三个阶段B.识别、活化、排斥三个阶段C.识别、活化、反应三个阶段1),识别、活化、增殖三个阶段E.识别、活化、应答三个阶段5 .关于免疫耐受的叙述，错误的是A.免疫耐受是抗原特异性的B.免疫耐受可在新生动物中诱导形成C.协同刺激因子可促进免疫耐受形成D.免疫抑制措施可促进免疫耐受形成E.免疫耐受也是一种免疫应答6 .诱导免疫耐受形成的最佳时期是A.成年期 B.幼年期C.老年期 D.胚胎期 E.青年期7

28、 . 一存活多年的同种异体肾移植接受者的体内虽有供体人抗原却未发生明显的排斥反应， 其原因可能是A.受者的免疫细胞功能活跃B.移植物的免疫细胞功能活跃C.移植物已失去了免疫原性D,受者对移植物发生了免疫耐受E.移植物对受者发生了免疫耐受8 .呈递低浓度抗原最有效的APC是A.巨噬细胞B. DC C.上皮细胞 D. B淋巴细胞 E.内皮细胞9 .用肺炎球菌荚膜多糖免疫裸鼠，将出现下列哪项结果A.小鼠无任何免疫应答产生B.有IgM抗体产生 C.抗体产生快，维持时间长D.有IgG抗体产生 E.如再次遇到相同抗原，小鼠将出现再次免疫应答10 . DTH炎症反应的效应细胞是A.活化的巨噬细胞B.活化的N

29、K细胞 C.活化的Th2细胞D.中性粒细胞E.嗜酸性粒细胞11 .参与脂类抗原呈递的是A. CD1 B. CD5 C. CD10 D. CD58E. CD8012 .初次应答时，B淋巴细胞活化的第二信号产生主要是A. BCR识别抗原肽-MHC I类分子复合物B. BCR识别抗原肽-MHC H类分子复合物C. B细胞上的CD40与Th细胞上的CD40L结合D. B细胞上的B7与Th细胞上的CD28结合E. BCR与抗原结合13 .再次免疫应答的特点是A.抗原呈递细胞是巨噬细胞B.抗体产生快，维持时间短C.抗体主要是IgM和IgGD.抗体是高亲和力抗体E. TD抗原和TI抗原都可引起再次免疫应答1

30、4 .抗体参与介导的靶细胞溶解机制是A. ADCC,调理吞噬作用 B. ADCC, CDCC. CDC,混合淋巴细胞反应D. ADCC,混合淋巴细胞反应E. CDC,调理吞噬作用15 .细胞免疫可以通过哪种物质被动转移A. IL-2 B.胸腺细胞 C.激活的巨噬细胞 D.效应T细胞 E. APC16 . CTL细胞杀伤靶细胞时，下列哪项是正确的A. CTL细胞无需和靶细胞接触B.靶细胞被溶解时，CTL细胞同时受损C. CTL细胞特异性杀伤靶细胞D.穿孔素诱导靶细胞凋亡E. 一个CTL细胞只能杀伤一个靶细胞17 .最易诱导免疫耐受的抗原是A.大分子聚合状态的抗原B.颗粒性抗原C.可溶性抗原D.抗

31、原表位密度低的抗原E.细菌、细胞18 .免疫耐受现象可见于哪种病A.免疫抑制剂使用者B.肝癌病人 C.AIDS病人 I).甲亢病人E.表面抗原携带者 19. Induction of apoptosis is a method by which cytotoxic T cells:A. present antigen to target cellsB. buy a round of beer at the bowling alleyC. stimulate immune responses of antigens in privileged sitesD. tell target cells

32、that it is time to dieE. none of the above20. Innate host defense mechanisms are critical to the protection of the body because A. they utilize pre-committed T cells that have already been induced by other immune responsesB. they are the first line of defense of the bodyC. they are highly specific f

33、or the invading pathogensD. they provide immediate, continuous protection as the result of a specific immune response.E. none of the above第四阶段测试题1 .参与n型超敏反应的免疫球蛋白（ig）是A. IgM/IgD B. TgM/IgGC. IgA/IgE D. IgM/IgA E. IgE/IgD2 .在I型超敏反应中具有重要负反馈调节作用的细胞是A.嗜中性粒细胞B.嗜碱性粒细胞 C.嗜酸性粒细胞D.单核吞噬细胞E.肥大细胞3 .介导IV型超敏反应的免疫

34、细胞是A. T细胞 B. B细胞 C.嗜酸性粒细胞D.肥大细胞E.中性粒细胞4 .属于HI型超敏反应性疾病的是A.过敏性鼻炎 B.新生儿溶血C.Arthus反应D.接触性皮炎E.支气管哮喘5 . n型超敏反应A.由IgG介导B.属迟发型超敏反应C.与NK细胞无关D.与巨噬细胞无关E.不破坏细胞 6. II型超敏反应性疾病是A.过敏性休克B.溶血 C.过敏性鼻炎D.血清病 E.尊麻疹7 .与自身免疫性疾病发生无关的原因是A.隐蔽抗原释放B.自身抗原发生改变C.交叉抗原或分子模拟D.免疫球蛋白类别转换E.多克隆T细胞活化8 .下列哪种抗原为隐蔽的自身抗原A.眼葡萄膜色素抗原B.肿瘤抗原 C.AB0

35、血型抗原 D. HLA抗原 E. Rh血型抗原 9.不属于器官特异性自身免疫病的是A.慢性甲状腺炎 B.恶性贫血 C.重症肌无力D.特发性血小板减少症E.类风湿性关节炎10.关于DiGeorge综合症的叙述，哪项是错误的A.患者抗病毒免疫力降低B.患者先天性胸腺发育不全C.患者结核菌素试验阴性D.患者体液免疫功能不受影响E.患者细胞免疫功能缺陷1L慢性肉芽肿病的发生原因是A.先天性胸腺发育不全B.吞噬细胞功能缺陷C. B细胞发育和（或）功能异常D.补体某些组分缺陷E.T、E细胞混合缺陷12 .人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）在人体内作用的靶细胞是A. CD4T淋巴细胞 B. CD8*T淋巴细胞C.

36、B淋巴细胞 D. NK细胞 E. CTL细胞13 .与急性同种异基因移植物排斥关系最密切的细胞是A. NK细胞 B. B细胞 C. CD8T细胞 D.肥大细胞E.嗜酸性粒细胞14 .移植器官超急性排斥反应是由于A.供体内预存有抗受体的ABO血型抗体B.供体内预存有抗受体的HLAI类抗原的抗体C.受体内预存有抗供体的ABO血型抗体D.受体内有针对供体组织器官的Tc细胞E.供受者HLA配型不符15 .引起移植物抗宿主反应是由于A.供体内预存有抗受体的ABO血型抗体B.供体内预存有抗受体的HLAI类抗原的抗体C.受体内预存有抗供体的ABO血型抗体D.受体内有针对供体组织器官的Tc细胞E.供受者HLA

37、配型不符16 .要从混合的T、B细胞中分离T细胞，最佳的方法是A.流式细胞术B.放射免疫分析法C. ELISAD.双向琼脂扩散试验 E.免疫电泳17 .检测血清中一种微量的小分子肽，下列方法中最敏感的是A.免疫荧光技术B.放射免疫分析法 C.双向琼脂扩散法D.单向琼脂扩散试验E.对流免疫电泳18 .注射破伤风抗毒素（TAT）的目的是A.对易感人群进行预防接种B.对可疑或确诊的破伤风患者进行紧急预防或治疗C.杀灭伤口中繁殖的破伤风梭菌D.主要用于儿童的预防接种E.中和神经细胞结合的毒素19 .治疗多发性硬化症A.抗CD3单克隆抗体B.抗肿瘤坏死因子抗体 C. B干扰素D. a干扰素 E. EPO20 .治疗贫血A.抗CD3单克隆抗体B.抗肿瘤坏死因子抗体C. B干扰素 D. a干扰素E. EPO