英语语法十一 非谓语动词.ppt

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1、 英语湖南英语湖南语法专题十一 非谓语动词中考名题体验1.(2016年长沙)Janes spoken English is pretty good.Yeah,she works hard and practices _ it both in and out of class.Aspoke Bto speak Cspeaking2.（2016年邵阳）She said she hoped her daughter.A.to see B.you to see C.seeingCA中考名题体验3.（2016株洲）The Chinese team are working hard _ honors in

2、 the 2016 Olympic Games.A.to winB.win C.winning4.（2016年湘西）Helen，thanks for me.With pleasure.A.help B.to help C.helpingAC5.(2016年海南)Bruce practices _ basketball every day so that he can be a better player.A.play B.to play C.playing6.（2016年毕节）He feels _ because he finds the movie is _.A.bored;bored B.

3、boring;bored C.boring;boring D.bored;boringCD语法探究语法探究 非谓语动词指不能单独作谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）。考点一 不定式1.动词不定式的作用句中成分句中成分 用法用法例句例句作主语谓语动词用单数形式，为避免“头重脚轻”常用it作形式主语。常用句型有：It is+adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为“做某事对某人来说是”。It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”To master a

4、language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.学好一门语言是不容易的。句中成分句中成分用法用法例句例句 作宾语常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like,want,like,hope,wish,plan，decide,learn,agree,try,remember,forget，expect,refuse,afford,prefer,continue,promise,begin,start 等think,find,believe等动词可用于“动词+it+adj.+to do sth.”句型中。it作形式宾语,而真正的

5、宾语是后面的不定式。I would like to make friends with you.我想要和你交朋友。I find it difficult to pass my math exam.我发现要通过数学考试很难。句中成句中成分分用法用法例句例句 作定语动词不定式放在名词、代词后作定语，两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，后面应该加上相应的介词。常接不定式作定语的名词有：time，need，way，chance，opportunity，courage，reason，effort，determination，decision，ability，ambitio

6、n Can you give me a pen to write with?能给我一只用于书写的笔吗？Do you have something to say?你有什么要说的吗？句中成分句中成分用法用法例句例句 作状语不定式常可用作状语，修饰动词，表示行为的目的、结果和原因To do a good job,we must have the right tools.要干好活工具要对头。What have you said to make him so sad?你说了什么话使他那么悲伤。作表语放在系动词后作表语My dream is to be an engineer.我想成为一名工程师。2.不定

7、式的特殊用法 使役动词和感官动词后跟动词不定式做宾语补足语，须省略 to。此类动词有：一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice)、五帮(help)。变为被动语态时，省略的 to 则要加上。动词不定式的否定形式是 not to do，其被动形式为 to be done。Our teacher asked us not to swim in the river alone.我们老师要求我们不要独自一人在河里游泳。常接“疑问词+带to的不定式”的动词有 teach，show，tell，learn

8、，find out，decide，know，forget等My mother taught me how to cook yesterday.昨天我妈妈教我如何做饭。二、动名词（一）动名词的构成动名词是由“动词+-ing”构成，和现在分词形式一样，兼有动词和名词的特点。（二）动名词作用句子成分句子成分用法用法例句例句作主语单个动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，常用的句型结构有：It is no use（good）+V.ing.Seeing is believing.眼见为实。It is no use arguing again.再去争吵也没有用。作表语放在系动词后面作表语Her job is

9、looking after the children.他的工作是照顾这些小孩子。句子成句子成分分用法用法例句例句作宾语常用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式作宾语的词有:avoid，finish，consider，give up，cannot help，allow，imagine，include，keep，mind，practice，suggest，succeed in，be used to do，look forward to，enjoy=have fun，be busy，No matter what happened，I wont give up achieving my dream.不管发生了什

10、么事情，我都不会放弃去实现我的梦想。句子成分句子成分用法用法例句例句作定语用于名词前，起修饰说明作用There is a swimming pool in her home.她家有个游泳池。（三）动名词的特殊用法 即可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有：love,like,hate,prefer,dislike,begin,start,continue,intend,attempt,cant bear,propose,want,need,remember,forget,regret,neglect,try,deserve,cant afford等动词。有时两者之间的意义差别不大，但reme

11、mber，regret，want，try 等词后差别比较明显。三、分词（一）现在分词和过去分词的构成 现在分词由V.+ing构成，过去分词V.+ed(规则动词)构成。（二）分词的用法 句子成分句子成分用法用法例句例句作定语现在分词表示正在进行，有主动的含义，过去分词表示已经完成，有被动的含义。The crying boy annoy us a lot.那个哭泣的男孩使我们很烦恼。作表语放在系动词后作表语The story is interesting.I am interested in it.这个故事很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。句子成分句子成分用法用法例句例句作宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语的动作和

12、状态He could hear his heart beating fast他可以听见自己的心脏跳得很快。I want to have my hair cut.我想要剪个头。作状语通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作，来对主语的主要动作加以修饰。I got home，feeling very tired.我疲惫地回到家里。专项集训专项集训1.What about _ a rest?OK!Lets go for a walk.Ato have Bhaving Chave 2.It took me two weeks _ reading the novels written by Guo Jingmin

13、g.Afinish Bto finish Cfinishes 3.It was such a funny show that people couldnt help _ again and again.Alaugh B.to laugh Claughing BBC4.I found a letter _ on the floor when I came into the classroom.Alying Blay Clie 5.When you leave,please turn off the lights _ energy.Asave Bto save Csaving 6.Though h

14、e often made his little sister _，today he was made _ by his little sister.Acry;to cry Bcrying;crying Ccry;cry ABA7.Dont forget_ your umbrella.Its raining outside.A.taking B.to take C.to taking 8.I didnt hear you come in just now.Thats good.We tried_ any noise，for you were sleeping.Anot make Bnot to make Cto makeBB