初中英语人教新目标七年级下册Unit 12知识点.doc

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1、七年级英语下册Unit 12知识点【Useful expressions】do ones homework 做作业go to the cinema 去看电影go to the beach 去海边go boating 去划船go camping 去宿营go shopping 去购物camp by the lake 在湖边露营play badminton 打羽毛球tell sb.about sth.告诉某人关于某事study for a/the test 复习迎考work as. 担任.living habit 生活习惯shout at.对.吼 stay up (late) 熬夜be afraid

2、 of.害怕.something interesting 一些有趣的事two weeks ago 两周前take sb to 带.去.run away 跑开shout at 冲 大声叫嚷study for a test fly a kitetake a long bus ride 坐长途汽车 put up 搭建、张贴、挂起 make a fire 生火keep sb/sth warm 使保持暖和 cook food 做饭on the first night 在第一天晚上each other 彼此、互相go to sleep/bed 去睡觉 get a terrible surprise 大吃一

3、惊 shout to 大声喊.sothat 如此.以至于the next morning 第二天早上know about.了解.see sb doing sth 看见在做 look out of 往.外看start to do 开始做.wake up 醒来wake sb up 把.叫醒jump up and down 跳上跳下stay at home 呆在家里feel sb/sth doing 感觉在做 【Target sentences】 What did you do last weekend? I played soccer. Who went to the library? Sally

4、 did. Where did she go last weekend? She went to a farm.I stayed up late to watch the soccer game.I flew a kite in the park.Did you go out?You had a relaxing time! 2.Last weekend was interesting but scary.3.There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and cook food on.4.I was so tired t

5、hat I went to sleep early.5.When we looked out of our tent,we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.6.I was so scared that I couldnt move.7.We shouted to our parents to let them know about the danger.8.This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake.9.He also told me it was import

6、ant not to go near a snake.10.This was a very useful lesson for me.【Language points】1.camped by the lake 在湖边野营camp v.扎营；搭帐篷camp在此处作不及物动词，go camping意为“去野营”，camp out意为“露宿”。Would you like to go camping with me?【拓展延伸】camp也可作名词，意为“营地；度假营”。summer camp“夏令营”。Did you go to the summer camp last year?2.I fed s

7、ome (sheep/cows).sheep n.羊；绵羊sheep是可数名词，意为“羊；绵羊”，其复数形式仍然是sheep。Sheep are eating grass in the fields.巧学妙记：单复数同形的可数名词中日鱼羊鹿，是单也是复。(注：中 Chinese 日一Japanese鱼一fish 羊一sheep 鹿一deer)3.Who visited her grandma? Becky did.do 代替上文的用法在“Becky did.”中，did代替问句中的 visited her grandma。英语中为了避免不必要的重复，经常用 do, does, did, so

8、等词来代替前面的动词(短语)或相关内容。 Who broke the window? Jack did.（did代替broke the window）4.I worked as a guide at the Natural History Museum.as prep.作为；当作as在此处作介词，意为“作为；当作”，其后常接表示职业或用途的名词。“ as+名词”位于句首时，其后要用逗号与句子的主体部分隔开。She worked as a waitress in the restaurant.As a player, you should have a strong body.5.How int

9、eresting!how引导的感叹句本句是 how引导的感叹句，interesting后省略了it was。how引导感叹句时， 被强调部分为形容词或副词，其结构为“How+形容词或副词( + 主语 + 谓语)!”How happy they look! How hard they are working now! 【拓展延伸】以What开头的感叹句（1）What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语What a good teacher he is! （2）What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语What cold weather it is! 6.Yeah, it wa

10、s good, but Im kind of tired now.tired adj.疲倦的；疲劳的；作形容词，意为“疲倦的；疲劳的”。Im tired from the long flight.I want a rest.They were cold, hungry and tired out.【拓展延伸】tired作形容词，还可意为“厌倦的，厌烦的”。be tired of(doing) sth.意为“厌烦（做）某事”。She was tired of sharing everything.7.Father Mouse shouted at the cat, “Woof, woof!” s

11、hout v.呼叫；喊叫 shout 在此处作不及物动词，shout at意为“ 冲 大声叫嚷” ，at后接喊叫的对象。There is someone shouting for help.Speak clearly and slowly.Dont shout at others.8.“Well, son, thats why its important to learn a second language,”answered Father Mouse.“（1）Thats why.句型该句型意为“这/那就是.的原因”，其中why引导的从句，表示结果。Tom overslept this mor

12、ning.Thats why he was late for school.【拓展延伸】“Thats because .”也是一 个常用句型，意为“这那是因为 , because引导的从句表示原因。Tom was late for school this morning.Thats because he overslept.（2）language n.语言；在此是可数名词，a second language意为“又一门语言”。表示具体某种语言的词，如 Chinese, English, Japanese 等，是不可数名词。How many languages can you speak? Al

13、l the children must learn a foreign language.9.flew a kitefly v.飞(1) fly在此处为及物动词，意为“放飞(风筝)“，其过去式为flew/flu:/。We like flying kites in spring.(2) fly也可作不及物动词，意为“乘飞机；飞；飞逝”。fly to表示“乘飞机去”，相当于go to.by plane/air。Her father flew to Guangzhou yesterday.( = Her father went to Guangzhou by air/plane yesterday.

14、)The bird flew away.【拓展延伸】fly 还可作名词，意为“苍蝇” ，复数形式为flies。Look! Two flies are on the table.10.My sister finished high school two weeks ago.ago adv.以前ago作副词，不能单独使用，常用于“一段时间 + ago”结构，常与一般过去时连用。He started to play the piano three years ago.11.There we put up our tents and made a fire to keep us warm and co

15、ok food on.【句式剖析】本句中 put up和made 作并列谓语，表示动作连续发生；本句中 to keep us warm and cook food on 作目的状语，表示 made a fire的目的。put up 搭起；举起在此意为“搭起”，是“动词 + 副词”型短语。其宾语为名词时，名词放在up之前或之后均可；宾语为代词时，代词要放在 put与up 之间。Its going to rain.Lets put up the tent.Here is the tent.Lets put it up.12.But I was so tired that I went to sle

16、ep early.so.that.结构so .that .意为“如此 以至于 ”，是固定结构，so 后接形容词或副词，that 后接句子表示结果。Jim is so busy that he has little time for his family.【拓展延伸】so.that .后的从句为肯定句时，该结构可与 .enough to .互相转化；其后的从句为否定句时，它可以与 too .to .互相转化。The boy got up so early that he caught the early bus.= The boy got up early enough to catch the

17、 early bus.He is so young that he cant go to school.=He is too young to go to school.13.The next morning, my sister and I got a terrible surprise.surprise n.惊奇；惊讶 v.使吃惊(1) surprise 在此处作名词，意为“惊奇，惊讶”。表示抽象事物时，用作不可数名词；表示具体事物时，用作可数名词。常用短语：They looked at each other in surprise.To my surprise, he didnt pas

18、s the exam.(2) surprise也可作及物动词，意为“使吃惊”。The news surprised me a lot.14.When we looked out of our tent, we saw a big snake sleeping near the fire.（1）look out of 向 外看look out of后接名词或代词，其反义短语为 look into。The boy is looking out of the window.【拓展延伸】look out意为“当心”，相当于 be careful。Look out! Here comes a car.（

19、2）see sb./sth.doing sth.看见某人/某物正在做某事see sb./sth.doing sth.意为“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，强调看到动作正在发生；而 see sb./sth.do sth.意为“看到某人/某物做了某事”，强调看见动作发生的全过程，或者看到动作经常发生。I saw him playing basketball at nine oclock in the morning.I often see her read in the library.15.I was so scared that I couldnt move.（1）scared adj.惊慌的；吓

20、坏了的；作形容词，通常用来修饰人，常用结构有: be scared of sth./doing sth.害怕某物/做某事 be scared to do sth.害怕做某事My cousin isnt scared of snakes.She is scared to climb the tree.【拓展延伸】scary作形容词，意为“吓人的；恐怖的“，常用来修饰物。The movie is scary.Can you watch it with me? （2） move v.移动move在句中作不及物动词，意为“移动”。move 作不及物动词时，还可意为“搬家，搬迁”，“move to +

21、地点名词”表示“搬到 ”Well move to the countryside next month.【拓展延伸】move 也可作及物动词，意为“使 移动” ，还可表示“使感动，打动”。He moved his chair nearer the old man.His speech moved me to tears.16.This woke the snake up and it moved into the forest near the lake.wake.up 把 弄醒；wake作动词，意为“弄醒，醒”；up为副词。该短语为“动词 + 副词”型短语，当宾语是名词时，名词可以放在wak

22、e和up之间，也可以放在up的后面；当宾语是代词时，代词必须放在wake和up之间。Wake up your brother.Its time for breakfast.Ill wake you up for school.【拓展延伸】 wake up 还可作不及物动词短语，意为“醒，醒来”。 My grandma usually wakes up early.特殊疑问词：what什么；who谁；where哪里;how怎么样；【Topic writing】Last weekend was fun.Let me tell you .On Saturday morning, I went sho

23、pping at the supermarket with my mother .My mother bought a dress for me and I liked it very much.Then we had lunch at home.After lunch, I helped my father with some housework and then I did my homework.It is easy,so it only took me half an hour.Later in the afternoon, I played volleyball with my friends at the park.On Sunday morning, I wrote a letter in English to my friend.Then I had lunch with my friends at a restaurant near our home.The food there was delicious.In the evening, I watched a movie with my parents.It was a really busy but happy weekend.5