英语7下-牛津译林版七年级下册Unit 7 Abilities 知识清单（预习复习）.pdf

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1、7B Unit 7 知识点汇总主备：句容二中杨树兵7B Unit 7Abilities 知识点汇总知识点汇总（主备：句容二中（主备：句容二中杨树兵）杨树兵）一、一、Comic strip and Welcome to the unit.1.able(adj.)有能力的，能干的be able to=can能够disabled(adj.)无能力的，残疾的disabled people 残疾人ability(n.)能力abilities（复数）【have different abilities有不同的能力】【重点】be able to to do 能够做某事。可用于多种时态。can/could 只用

2、于一般现在时或过去时。could 是 can 的过去式。They（将能够）talk with each other in English next term.He _（不能够）find a right place to place his piano yesterday.2.Believe it or not.信不信由你.3.look out=take care=be careful当心，留神，小心4.at the Helping Hands Club在“援手”俱乐部5.give a seat to someone on the bus在公共汽车上给人让座6.collect things fo

3、r Project Hope为希望工程收集物品7.clean up the park清洁公园8.visit an old peoples home 探访老人院9.What can we do for the children in poor areas?我们能为贫困地区的孩子们做什么？10.need clothes and shoes most最需要衣服和鞋子【need sth.most 最需要某物】11.send sth.to sb.=send sb.sth.发送某物给某人12.Some families are not even able to pay for pens and noteb

4、ooks.can do sth.=be able to do sth.能够做某事pay for sth.为付款pay sb.(money)付给某人钱/报酬/工资13.We can raise some money for them to buy these things.我们可以为他们筹些钱来买这些东西。【重点】raise sth.for sb.为某人筹集/募集某物【raise money for him 为他筹钱】【拓展】donate sth.to sb.捐赠某物给某人【donate money to him 捐钱给他】二、二、Reading1.What a brave young man(

5、he is)!多么勇敢的一位年轻人啊！=How brave the young man is!2.He was brave enough to save his neighbour from a fire.他足够勇敢从火中救出他的邻居。3.be at home alonebe at home by oneself=be at home on ones own 独自一人在家4.hear sb shouting听见某人在大喊5.the 79-year-old Mrs Sun79 岁大的孙夫人【重点】an 11-year-old boy 一个 11 岁的男孩；an 80-year-old man一位

6、 80 岁的老人a 2-day holiday一个两天长的假期；a 1300-metre-long river 一条 1300 米长的河6.Her left leg was badly hurt.【be badly hurt 受重伤】7.He poured water over his clothes to protect himself.他把水倒在衣服上来保护他自己。8.rush into the kitchen冲进厨房【rush out of the kitchen冲出厨房】9.put a wet blanket over Mrs.Sun 把一床湿毯子盖在孙奶奶身上。10.put out

7、the fire扑灭火【拓展】put on 穿上、上演；put out扑灭(火)；put off 推迟，延期；put away收拾，整理；put up挂起、张贴、举起、搭建；put down放下；put through接通电话；put in 安装11.The fire burnt Lin Taos arms.火烧伤林涛的胳膊。12.be in hospital for two weeks 住院两周【区分】be in hospital 住院；in a/the hospital 在一家/这家医院里（强调地点）Eg:After leaving school,he worked _.(在一家医院).7

8、B Unit 7 知识点汇总主备：句容二中杨树兵13.at that moment=just then在那时，当时14.I didnt have time to think about it.我没有时间考虑它。【重点】have time to think about it 有时间考虑它15.We should be careful with fire.我们应该小心火。【重点】be careful with小心，当心be careful（not）to do sth.当心（不要）做某事Eg:Please be careful not to fall into the river.16.stop s

9、omething from burning 阻止某物燃烧【重点】stop sb.(from)doing sth.=prevent sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事=keep sb.from doing sth.【此句中 from 不能省略】Eg:I want to stop/prevent/keep my son from playing computer games【区分】keep sb.doing sth.保持某人一直做某事Eg:Im sorry to keep you waiting for me so long.17.I heard someone calling

10、for help.我听到某人正在大声呼救。shout/call/cry for help大声呼救18.Did you do anything to protect yourself?你采取措施来保护自己了吗？protect(vt.)保护 protection(n.)保护【拓展】protect sb.from danger 保护某人脱离危险 protect sb from(doing)sth.防止某人在(做)某事中受伤害 这是固定的句型19.read about the news in the newspaper 在报纸上看到这个消息20.His neighbours bathroom was

11、on fire.他的邻居家的洗澡间着火了。be on fire 着火（状态）；catch fire着火（动作）21.help sb.out of the fire帮助某人逃出火灾22.get well=be well恢复健康23.Dont play with matches.不要玩火柴24.Dont put anything hot into the rubbish bin.不要把热东西放进垃圾箱。25.Keep your hair away from fire.保持你的头发远离火。【重点】keep away from 使远离三、三、GrammarA.can 可表示可表示现在现在能力或可能性能

12、力或可能性，过去式过去式 could 表示过去的能力和可能性表示过去的能力和可能性。和其他左右的情态动词一样，can 和 could 后面直接接动词原形，否定形式直接加 not。(1)表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。-Can you lift this heavy box?-Yes,I can.（体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）-Can you skate?-No,I cant.（技能）此时可用此时可用 be able to 代替代替。Can 只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而 be able to 有更多的时态。Eg.I could ride a bik

13、e.可以说成 I was able to ride a bike.但是 Ill not be able to finish all the work tomorrow morning.表将来时不可以用 can 替换。(2)表示请求和允许表示请求和允许。Can I go now?Yes,you can./No,you cant.此时可与此时可与 may 互换互换。在疑问句中还可用在疑问句中还可用 could,might 代替代替，不是过去式不是过去式，只是语气更委婉只是语气更委婉，故故不能用于肯定句和答语中。不能用于肯定句和答语中。Could I come to see you tomorrow

14、?Yes,you can.(No,Im afraid not.)(3)表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。Can this be true?这可能是真的吗？7B Unit 7 知识点汇总主备：句容二中杨树兵This book cant Toms.这本书不可能是汤姆的！How can this be true?这怎么可能是真的？B.may,might 的用法。的用法。(1)表示请求和允许表示请求和允许。might 比比 may 语气更委婉语气更委婉，而不是过去式而不是过去式。肯定回答用肯定回答用

15、may,否定回答时否定回答时可用可用 cant 或或 mustnt，表示，表示“不可以，禁止不可以，禁止”。Might/May I smoke in this room?-Yes,you may.(No,you cant/mustnt.)May/Might I take this book out of the room?Yes,you may.(No,you cant/mustnt.)用 May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用 Can I.？在口语中更常见。(2)表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。might 不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比不是过去式

16、，它所表示的可能性比 may 小。小。This book may be Lilys.这本书可能是 lily 的。Your mother may know the truth.你妈妈可能知道真相。C.感叹句感叹句(1)What 感叹名词感叹名词What+a/an+形容词形容词+可数名词单数可数名词单数+（主语（主语+谓语）！谓语）！Eg:What a tall tree(it is)!What a good time they are having!What+形容词形容词+可数名词复数或不可数名词可数名词复数或不可数名词+（主语（主语+谓语）！谓语）！Eg:What tall trees(the

17、y are)!What bad weather(it is)!(2)How 感叹形容词，副词。感叹形容词，副词。How+形容词形容词+主语主语+谓语（系动词）！谓语（系动词）！Eg:How happy he is/feels!How tall the tree is!How+副词副词+主语主语+谓语（行为动词）！谓语（行为动词）！Eg:How happily they are playing!解题技巧：如果形容词后直接跟名词，则用解题技巧：如果形容词后直接跟名词，则用 what,反之用反之用 how.中考常见的感叹句：中考常见的感叹句：(A)What a good time they are

18、having!(have a good time)=What great fun they have!(have fun)(B)What bad/fine/good weather(it is)!What good news/information(it is)!What wonderful music(it is)!What delicious food(it is)!What interesting work(it is)!(C)What a big noise/smile(it is)!What a heavy rain(it is)!【练一练】：What 和 how 大转换1.What

19、 a pretty girl she is!=_ _ the girl is!2.How difficult the questions are!=_ _ _ they are!3.How big the factory is!=_ _ big factory _ _!D.D.重点短语：重点短语：1.in the past 在过云2.a good place to have fun一个玩乐的好地方3.make a call on your mobile用你的手机打电话 make a call to sb.=call sb.(up)=ring sb.(up)打电话给某人=give sb.a ca

20、ll/ring=telephone sb.4.I left my mobile phone at home.我把我的手机忘在家里了。【重点】leave sth.sp.把某物忘在某地【此句型中 leave 不能换成 forget】leave+宾语+形容词（作宾补）使.处于.状态Eg:leave the door open 使门处于开着的状态Dont leave the baby alone at home.不要将这婴儿独自留在家中。5.by the way顺便说一下，顺便问问7B Unit 7 知识点汇总主备：句容二中杨树兵【拓展】on the way 在路上；in the way在路中间挡住路

21、；in this way 用这种方法6.take your camera with you 带上你的相机【take sth.with sb.】7.No problem.没问题。8.What exciting news it is!多么令人激动的消息啊！【news 不可数名词】9.What nice music it is!多么好听的音乐啊！【music 不可数名词】10.What fine weather it is!多好的天气啊！【weather 不可数名词】11.see through walls看穿墙壁12.His eyes are like X-rays.他的眼睛就像 X 光。13.b

22、urn things with his eyes用眼睛点燃东西14.hear things far away听到远处的东西15.fly as fast as light飞得像光一样快四、四、Integrated skills1.need to read more and speak more 需要多读多说2.work hard on the subject在这门学科上努力3.write good articles写好文章4.She does not do her best this term.这学期她没有尽力。do/try ones best to do sth.尽全力做某事5.at scho

23、ol shows 在学校的演出中6.need to do better in Geography需要在地理方面做得更好7.practice hard 刻苦练习8.I think that she will get into the school team next term.我认为她下学期将会进入校队。9.I started to play the violin at the age of six.我在 6 岁时开始拉小提琴。I started to play the violin when I was 6 years old.10.show/teach me how to play it【s

24、how sb.how to do sth.向某人展示如何做某事】五、五、Study skills图书馆的使用。图书馆的使用。1.不同科目的书被放在不同的区域。2.根据主题来安排书的位置，相类似的主题被放在相同的区域。3.小说的排列顺序是根据作者的姓的字母表顺序。4.图书管理员一直会在那帮助你。如果你有任何问题，可以去问他们。六、六、Task1.I would like to recommend Daniel for this years Young Star Award.【重点】推荐某人获得某种奖项:recommend sb for+奖项推荐某人担任某种职务:recommend sb as+职

25、务(recommend sb.to be+职务）2.do most of the computer work for the club为俱乐部做大部分电脑方面的工作3.think carefully仔细思考4.plan everything well计划好一切5.He often takes part in activities like collecting clothes and books for children in need.【区分】take part in=join in参加（活动）join+团体/组织/sb.参加（团体或组织），并成为其中一个成员Eg:join the army 参军；join the Party 入党；join us in playing games加入我们一起做游戏children in need 有困难的孩子，需要帮助的孩子6.get lost=lose ones way 迷路7.We look forward to hearing from you soon.我们期盼尽快收到你的来信。hear from sb.=get/receive a letter from sb.=have a letter from sb.收到某人的来信look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事