英语词汇练习ww3k_Book3_Lesson-15p.pdf

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1、WORDLY WISE 3OOO ONLINELevel 3 Passage1 Lesson 15 SSI May be copied for single-classroom use only.Sixty-four Squares and Sixteen PiecesIn most sports,men play against men and women play against women.Because men on average are bigger and stronger than women,this makes sense.But chess tests the brain

2、;it does not test the body.So why are there national womens chess champions and national mens chess champions?Are men players not as good as women?Are women players not as good as men?Lets try to discover the answer to those questions.Chess is played on the same board as checkers.The pieces on the b

3、oard for chess are the king,queen,knight,bishop,castle,and pawn.Unlike checkers,all of the pieces move in different ways.To understand what is happening with each move takes a lot of experience.Luck plays no part in the outcome of the game.If you lose,it is because you did not play as well as the pe

4、rson you were playing against.Some people seem born with a talent for playing chess.Often they begin playing at a very young age.Irina Krush,of Brooklyn,New York,is one of them.She was five when her father taught her the rules.By the time she was nine,she was quite good;she could beat her dad easily

5、 every time.Chess players know that the best way to improve their game is to play against people who are better than they are.So Irina did this.She spent an average of five hours a day playing or studying chess along with going to school.In 1998 she won the title of womens chess champion of the Unit

6、ed States.She was fourteen.Her only regret was that she did not get to play against men.Three years later she was rated among the top one hundred players in the United States.Ninety-eight of them were men.Wordly Wise 3000Online Level 3 Passage Lesson 152 SSI May be copied for single-classroom use on

7、ly.Chess seems to be mainly a male pastime.But it does not start out that way.The number of boys and girls who actively play chess is about equal up to age thirteen.By the time these players go to high school,however,most of the girls have stopped playing.People who try to promote interest in chess

8、are puzzled.Why should this be?One theory is that to win games in chess you have to be willing to attack as hard as possible.Women,some people say,are better at protecting than they are at attacking.There may be a better way to explain the lack of women players:there are few role models for girls wh

9、o want to become serious chess players.This is now starting to change,thanks to people like Irina.Today more and more schools offer chess lessons.This is where most young players get their start.Once you have learned how to play,you can join a club.Often,there are divisions for different levels of p

10、layers.You will have the chance to take part in tournaments.In those contests the result of each game is written down.That gives everyone a record.The more games you win,the higher your name goes on the list.Those at the top are called grandmasters.That is what Irina is now.In 2007,Irina defeated a

11、high-ranking mens player,Vladimir Akopian.And in December 2009,Irina took first in the National Chess Congress tournament.Somewhere today there is a young chess player,boy or girl,who will follow in Irinas footsteps.That person will admire Irina and study her games(a careful record is kept of each o

12、ne).Then one day that person will come face to face with Irina.Using mental power alone,he or she will try to defeat her.That person could beyou.Answer each of the following questions in the form of a sentence.If a question does not contain a vocabulary word from the lessons word list,use one in you

13、r answer.Use each word only once.How are chess players promoted from one rank to another?_ _1.divisionmentaloutcomepastimepromoterateregrettalenttheorytournamentWordly Wise 3000Online Level 3 Passage Lesson 153 SSI May be copied for single-classroom use only.Why are there different divisions for tho

14、se taking part in chess contests?_ _How might Irina feel about so many girls dropping chess at an early age?_ _What else is needed besides talent to be a good chess player?_ _Why is playing chess called a purely mental exercise?_ _What would be an exciting event for beginning chess players?_ _How do

15、es the dropout rate for girl chess players compare with that for boys?_ _If Irina played a person new to chess,what would the outcome probably be?_ _What are some of the benefits of chess as a pastime?_ _2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.Wordly Wise 3000Online Level 3 Passage Lesson 154 SSI May be copied for single-c

16、lassroom use only.Do people know why there are fewer women chess players than men chess players?Explain your answer._ _The first tournaments were held in France almost a thousand years ago.They were open to groups of knights in armor,who fought each other on horseback in a field.Many people came to watch these contests.The purpose was to give the knights experience in battle.10.