专题02 阅读理解：记叙文-【大题精做】冲刺2024年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）含解析.docx

《专题02 阅读理解：记叙文-【大题精做】冲刺2024年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）含解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专题02 阅读理解：记叙文-【大题精做】冲刺2024年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）含解析.docx（61页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、专题02 阅读理解：记叙文-【大题精做】冲刺2024年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）专题02阅读理解记叙文从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。（202

2、3年新高考I卷）When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process

3、 could be used to clean up the messes people were making.After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right co

4、mbination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks co

5、nnected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.He

6、was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse like facility that treated sewage

7、(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relati

8、onships and observe whats happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”24What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?AHe was fond of traveling.BHe enjoyed being alone.CHe had an inquiring mind.DHe longed to be a doctor.25Why did John put the sludge

9、into the tanks?ATo feed the animals.BTo build an ecosystem.CTo protect the plants.DTo test the eco-machine.26What is the authors purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?ATo review Johns research plans.BTo show an application of Johns idea.CTo compare Johns different jobs.DTo erase doubts about Johns invention.

10、27What is the basis for Johns work?ANature can repair itself.BOrganisms need water to survive.CLife on Earth is diverse.DMost tiny creatures live in groups.1.关注细节 记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。2.注重联系 在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不

11、差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。3.读懂表象 如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。4.挖掘意义 每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一

12、个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。（2024山东潍坊高三统考期末）When most kids go to the beach, theyre too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving

13、the planet.Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldnt sit back.He started with cleanups along the river, s

14、omething that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. In 2019, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different countries, they managed to create educational vi

15、deos on their YouTube channel. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U. S. and Canada,” Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said.Cash was selected as one of Americas

16、 top 10 youth volunteers of 2021 by the Prudential Spirit of Community Awards. He also earned the title of National Honoree, where he received a$5,000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his choice, and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee

17、 Wildlife Federation.“I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean-if you love it and what lives in ityoull want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.”24Which can r

18、eplace the underlined words “sit back” in paragraph 2?AFall asleep.BLose heart.CTurn a blind eye.DLend a hand.25What is the purpose of starting the Cleanup Kids?ATo recycle waste plastics.BTo make instructive videos.CTo spread marine knowledge.DTo appeal for ocean protection.26Which of the following

19、 best describes Cash Daniels?ASympathetic and devoted.BInitiative and talented.CAmbitious and humorous.DDetermined and modest.27What does Cash Daniels story imply?APassion fuels dreams.BGreat minds think alike.CHelping others is of great fun.DActions speak louder than words.刷模拟Passage（1）（2023浙江金华浙江省

20、义乌中学校考模拟预测）Like many other five-year-olds, Jeanie Low of Houston, Texas, would use a stool (凳子) to help her reach the bathroom sink. However, the plastic step-stool she had at home was unstable and messed up the small bathroom shared by her whole family. After learning of an invention contest held b

21、y her school that year, Jeanie resolved to enter the contest by creating a stool that would be a permanent fixture in the bathroom, and yet could be kept out of the way when not in use.Jeanie decided to make a stool attached to the bathroom cabinet door under the sink. She cut a board of wood into t

22、wo pieces, each about two feet wide and one foot long. Using metal hinges (铰链), Jeanie attached one piece of the wood to the front of the cabinet door, and the second piece to the first. The first piece was set just high enough so that when it swung out horizontally from the cabinet door, the second

23、 piece would swing down from the first, just touching the ground, and so serving as a support for the first piece of the wood. This created a convenient, strong platform for any person too short to reach the sink. When not in use, the hinges allowed the two pieces of wood to fold back up tightly aga

24、inst the cabinet, where they were held in place by magnets (磁铁). Jeanie called her invention “the Kiddie Stool”.Jeanies Kiddie Stool won first place in her schools contest. Two years later, it was awarded first prize again at Houstons first annual Invention Fair. As a result, Jeanie was invited to m

25、ake a number of public appearances with her Kiddie Stool, and was featured on local TV as well as in newspapers. Many people found the story of the Kiddie Stool inspiring because it showed that with a pair of observant eyes, anyone can be an inventor.24According to the passage, why did Jeanie Low in

26、vent the Kiddie Stool?AMany other five-year-olds had problems reaching the bathroom sink.BShe did not think that plastic stools were tall enough for her.CThe stool in her bathroom was not firm and often got in the way.DShe was invited to enter an invention contest held by her school.25Which of the f

27、ollowing statements is true about how the Kiddie Stool works?AThe platform is supported by two metal hinges.BIt swings from left to right to be attached to the cabinet door.CIt uses hinges and magnets to keep the wooden pieces in place.DThe Kiddie Stool will swing out only when the cabinet door open

28、s.26What are the characteristics of Jeanies Kiddie Stool?APermanent and foldable.BFragile and disposable.CConventional and portable.DConvenient and recyclable.27What message does the passage convey?AFailure is the mother of success.BNecessity is the mother of invention.CGenius is 1% inspiration and

29、99% perspiration.DInvention requires both disciplines and wild imagination.Passage（2）（2023山东统考一模）Tyler had broken his arm in a bicycle accident. A car knocked Tyler down when it came out of a side street without stopping. The accident happened because there was no stop sign at the corner and the car

30、 didnt stop. So Tyler decided to try to get the city to put up a stop sign.First, Tyler wrote a petition (请愿书) to have a stop sign put up with his parents help. Then, Tyler and his parents asked their neighbors, friends, teachers, classmates . almost everyone they knew to sign the petition. Soon, th

31、ere were hundreds of names on the petition.Tyler also got some information about other accidents at the same corner where he had had his own accident. If he could show the city that it was a dangerous corner, they might put up a stop sign there. He hoped that this information and his petition would

32、work.When the petition was ready, Tyler and his parents went to a meeting of the city council (政务委员会). They brought along the petition and the other information. After a long wait, Tyler got a chance to tell what had happened to him. He told the story of the bicycle accident and explained his idea.

33、If there were a stop sign at the corner where the accident happened, other kids would be safer. After that, Tyler read the petition out loud. Then, he handed it and the other information to the council. The city council agreed to consider the request and make a decision before their next meeting.The

34、 next month, Tyler and his parents attended another meeting of the city council. The head of the city council announced that the city had decided to agree to the petition! There would be a stop sign at the corner where Tyler had his accident. Now other kids would be safer when they rode their bikes.

35、24Why did Tyler have the bicycle accident at the corner?ATyler rode rather too fast.BThere was no stop sign.CThe car ran the red light.DThe street was crowded.25What was the first thing Tyler did to have a stop sign put up at the corner?AHe found out about other accidents.BHe explained his idea to h

36、is neighbors.CHe wrote a petition for the stop sign.DHe attended a meeting of the city council.26When did the city council agree to the petition?AAs soon as Tyler handed it.BAfter Tylers parents handed it again.CAfter about a six-month wait.DNearly a month after Tyler handed it.27How would the other

37、 kids probably feel when the new stop sign was put up?AThankful.BNervous.CEmbarrassed.DProud.Passage（3）（2024广东佛山统考一模）75-year-old hip-hop (街舞) grandma Stephanie Walsh has gained worldwide attention with her intense dance moves and incredible energy. Better known as “Ms. Stephanie” online, Walsh has b

38、een featured on social media accounts with some videos drawing more than II million people to watch. Walsh believes the videos gained popularity because she is 75. “Its because Im a senior, ”said Walsh. “You dont usually see someone my age doing hip-hop and moving like that. ”But actually, its more

39、than that. Just as her profile claims, Walshs videos are “inspiring the world to dance like no one is watching. ”“Dance isnt just your body, its what youre feeling inside about the dance and its what comes out here in your face,” Walsh said. “What I want to put through my movement is how much fun it

40、 is and how much joy it gives you.”From a young age, Walsh loved to dance but her family didnt have the money for classes. When she was nearly 30, she got her daughter ballet lessons, which her daughter hated. So, she took her daughter out and started classes herself right away. Walsh believes her l

41、ifelong passion for dance is what motivates her today. “Everybody has to have a passion in their life,” she said. “Its like that saying, A life without passion is a life half lived. I believe that.”Walsh dances for fun and fitness, but also for therapy (心理治疗). She struggled through countless hardshi

42、ps, and she has more than enough reasons to keep her down. But they dont. She turns to her faith, her friends and of course, dance, to shine as an inspiration to those around her. Gilbert, one of Walshs followers, says she inspires him every day. “Shes a beautiful soul who teaches me that it doesnt

43、matter about your age or your size. As long as you feel good, thats all that matters,” says Gilbert. “I am truly thankful that Walsh is teaching me at the age of 32 to live my life full and stop being so scared.”24What motivates Walsh to do hip-hop?AIts great social benefit.BIts growing popularity.C

44、Her enthusiasm for dance.DHer hunger for reputation.25What contributes to her videos popularity according to Walsh?AHer advanced age.BHer smooth moves.CHer endless energy.DHer confident claim.26What will Walshs story probably inspire Gilbert to do?ABe active in social media.BSet a good example to ot

45、hers.CTake full advantage of his talent.DAdopt a positive approach to life.27Which is a suitable title for the text?AOptimistic About Life: The Way to SurviveBForever Young in Dance: An Inspiring FigureCEmbracing Social Media: The Key to SuccessDDancing with the Young: An Amazing JourneyPassage（4）（2

46、024浙江杭州学军中学校考模拟预测）Im a walker, logging an average of 9000 steps a day several times a week around my neighborhood. On recent trips to Copenhagen and Stockholm, I noticed tall, fit Scandinavians (斯堪法尼亚人) walking along on city streets with poles, as if they were cross-country skiing without any snow.I

47、t was a surprise to learn that the addition of the poles makes it a more vigorous, full-body exercise than simply walking and, as a 76-year-old looking to stay healthy while enjoying the outdoors, I decided to give it a try.Theres plenty of help online for the new Nordic (北 欧的 ) walker: stand tall,

48、swing your arms out as if to shake hands, and plant your poles with vigour. Then theres the little matter of the strap (带子) on the pole. This allows the walker to grip the pole when thrusting forward and then relax that hand as the other hand pushes forward a skill of coordination that builds stronger muscles.For a warm-up, I started slow: Nordic walking down the hall that extends from my front door to the deck. Keeping balance wasnt my