暑假作业 02 选择性必修二重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习（含解析）-【暑假分层作业】2024年高二英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）.docx

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1、暑假作业 02 选择性必修二重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习-【暑假分层作业】2024年高二英语暑假培优练（人教版2019） 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 暑假作业 02 选择性必修二重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习一、重点单词1._ n.把手；拉手；柄vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)2._ n.减少；降低；减少量vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低3._ vt.投射；向投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷4._ n.阴影；影子；背光处5._ n.彩虹6._ n.领导；领导地位；领导才能7._ vt.追溯；追踪；查出n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹8._ prep.除之外(还) adv.

2、而且；此外9._ adv.此外；再者10._ n.改变；转换；轮班vi.& vt.转移；挪动；转向；改变(观点或态度等)11._ n.思乡病；乡愁12._ n.顾问13._ n.公司；商行；事务所 adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的14._ vt.理解；领会；抓紧15._ vt.否认；否定；拒绝16._ n.结果；效果17._ n.厨师；主厨18._ vt.填满；把塞进n.东西；物品19._ n.品牌20._ adv.有点；稍微21._ n.卡路里(热量单位)22._ n.数量；数额23._ vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎n.咀嚼24._ adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会25._ vi.打雷；轰隆隆地

3、响；轰隆隆地快速移动n.雷声；轰隆声26._ n.窗帘27._ n.国界；边界(地区)28._ vi.& vt.(使)加入；注册；登记29._ n.习语；成语30._ adj.相反的；相对立的n.相反的事实(或事情)31._ adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正32._ vi.行进；继续做33._ n.岸；滨34._ n.黄昏；傍晚35._ n.技能；技术；技艺46._ vi.& vt.(使)宽慰；减轻；缓解n.容易；舒适；自在37._ n.洗澡；浴缸；浴盆vt.给洗澡38._ adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的(婉辞)39._ n.救护车40._ vi.& vt.推迟；延期(做某事)vt.

4、耽误；耽搁n.延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟41._ adj.同类的；同事的；同伴的；同情况的n.男人；家伙；同事；同辈；同类42._ n.(尤指餐馆的)就餐者43._ n.咽喉；喉咙44._ n.拳；拳头45._ n.幸福；福祉；安康；福利46._ n.郊区；城外二、重点单词变形1.severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的_ adv.极为恶劣地；十分严重地；严厉地2.frustrate vt.使懊恼；使沮丧_ adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的_ adj.令人懊恼的_ n.沮丧；懊恼；挫败3.intervene vi.干扰；介入_ n.介入；出面；干涉4.pure adj.干净的；纯的；

5、纯粹的_ adv.仅仅；完全_ vt.净化；使纯净_ n.纯净，纯洁5.transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变_ n.转化；转换；变换；改革6.initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的_ adv.最初地7.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解_ n.防御；保卫；保护8.assist vt.帮助；协助；援助_ n.帮助；协助_ n.助理；助手9.steady adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的_ adv.平稳地；持续地10.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的_ adv.生动地11.qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；(使)合格 _ n.(通过考试或学

6、习课程取得的)资格；学历12.ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的_ n.追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负13.adapt v.(使)适应；改编_ n.适应；改编本fort n.安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰_ adj.舒适的；舒服的_ adj.不舒服的；不安的_ adv.舒服地；舒适地15.participate vi.参加；参与_ n.参加者；参与者_ n.参加；参与16.engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用_ adj.忙于；从事于；已订婚的_ n.订婚；约定17.motivate vt.成为的动机；激发；激励_ adj

7、.积极的；主动的_ n.动力；积极性；动机18.expect vt.期望；盼望_ n.期望；预期；期待_ adj.始料不及的19.apply vt.涂；敷；搽；运用 vi.申请；请求；(对)适用_ n.申请_ n.申请人20.expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)_ n.接触；体验；暴露；揭露21.depress vt.使沮丧；使忧愁_ adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的_ adj.令人沮丧的_ n.沮丧；忧愁；不景气22.strong adj.强壮的；结实的_ n.力气；力量；强项_ vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固23.prior adj.先前的；优先的_ n.优先事项；优先权

8、24.elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的_ adv.精美地；讲究地；文雅地_ n.优雅；端庄25.except prep .除外_ n.例外；例外的人/事_ adj.特别的；罕见的26.consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗_ n.消费者；用户；客户_ n.消费；消耗27.stable adj.稳定的；稳重的_ adv.稳定地；平稳地_ n.稳定(性)；稳固(性)28.associate vt.把联系起来；交往 adj.副的_ n.协会；关联29.modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的_ n.谦虚；朴素30.trick n.诀窍；计谋；把戏 vt.欺骗_ adj.棘手的；难对

9、付的；狡猾的31.please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意_ adj.令人愉快的；友好的_ adj.高兴的；满意的_ adj.令人愉快的_ n.快乐；乐趣32.mass n.团；堆；许多；大量_ adj.巨大的；非常严重的33.breath n.呼吸的空气_ adj.气喘吁吁的_ vt.& vi.呼吸34.freeze vi.& vt.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住_ adj.极冷的；冰冻的_ adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的35.astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊_ adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的_ adj.感到惊讶的_ n.惊讶36.advertise vi.&

10、 vt.(为)做广告/宣传；征聘_ n.(informal ad)广告；启事_ n.广告商37.photograph n.照片 vt.(为)拍照 vi.上相，上镜_ n.摄影师；拍照者_ n.摄影；摄影术38.minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的_ n.少数；少数民族39.electric adj.电的；用电的；电动的_ adj.与电有关的_ n.电40.urge vt.催促；力劝n.强烈的欲望_ adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的_ n.紧迫，迫切41.operate vt.操作 vi.动手术_ n.电话接线员；操作员_ n.手术；操作42.interrupt vi.& vt.打断；打扰v

11、t.使暂停；使中断_ n.打断；打扰；暂停；中断43.desperate adj.绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的_ adv.绝望地；孤注一掷地_ n.绝望44.practice n.& v.练习；实践_ adj.切实可行的；实际的；实践的45.tight adj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的；(经济)紧张的 adv.紧紧地；牢固地_ adv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地_ vt.(使)变紧；(使)加紧46.fog n.雾_ adj.有雾的；不清楚的三、重点短语1._最终地；彻底地2._幸亏；由于3._(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发4._患(病)；染上(小病)5._最重要的是；尤其是6.

12、_对有影响7._开始做8._在某人的领导下9._追溯到10._在过程中11._参加；参与12._大声点说；明确表态13._舒服自在；不拘束14._(使)从事；参与15._参与；卷入；与有关联16._舒适区；舒适范围17._(使)花一大笔钱18._支持；站在的一边19._据我所知20._就我而言；依我看来21._在之前的22._由组成(或构成)23._切下24._不管；不顾25._携手共进26._减少27._停止做；删掉；剪出28._组成29._的关键30._塞满31._令人惊叹32._极冷的；冻僵的33._一束；一串；一群；大量34._相反的；相对立的35._进而做(参加)36._欠(某人情)

13、；把归功于某人37._相比之下38._目所能及39._站在远处40._离近；接近；临近41._帮助某人站起身来42._面朝上(朝下)43._迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉44._健康状况不好45._袖手旁观46._实施急救47._毫无预兆48._各种各样的49._被分成50._马上四、重点句型1.句型公式：have宾语宾语补足语我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民家里。(2020全国卷)We began to help pick peaches and then _ the farmers houses.2.句型公式：until引导时间状语从句直到云消失，月亮才会出来。The moon will

14、not come out _.3.句型公式：so.that.每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，所以我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。Keeping a learning diary every day is _.4.句型公式：It is/was the first time that.那是我第一次参加交换生项目。那次经历不仅让我开阔了眼界，而且增强了我的信心。_，which not only broadened my view but also strengthened my confidence.5.句型公式：时间名词作连词游泳帮助我保持健康和良好的体形。每次游完泳，我都觉得神清气爽，精力充沛。Sw

15、imming helps me stay healthy and in good shape._，I feel refreshed and energetic.6.句型公式：疑问词不定式卫生部门现在知道如何处理这种疾病。The health authorities now know _.7.句型公式：形容词(短语)作状语她自信而勇敢，生动地演绎了这个角色。_，she vividly brought the character to life.8.句型公式：by the time引导时间状语从句当他们到达湖泊时，简非常生气，她对汤姆说：“我要找一个更好的地方扎营。”然后走开了。_，Jane wa

16、s so angry that she said to Tom，“Im going to find a better spot for us to camp” and walked away.9.句型公式：倍数表达法中国最近在太空探索方面取得的成就是十年前的好几倍。China recently have made _ in space exploration as those of one decade ago.10.句型公式：rather than“与其；不愿；而不是”，连接两个并列成分你应该将精力投入到提升自己中，而不是将自己的失败归咎于其他人。You should devote your

17、 energy to improving yourself _.11.句型公式：too.to do.迈克吓呆了，害怕得一动不动。(心理动作描写)Mike froze with terror，_.12.句型公式：It is/was not until.that.强调句型直到那时她才意识到她是多么依恋她的丈夫。_ she realized how much she was attached to her husband.13.句型公式：as引导非限制性定语从句正如上面所提到的，你可以用这种方法完成这项任务。_，you can complete the task in this way.14.句型公

18、式：unless引导条件状语从句汤姆很独立，除非需要父母的支持，他从不征求父母的意见。Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _.15.句型公式：there is a need to do sth急需改变现在糟糕的现状。_ the present terrible situation.一、结合语境运用单词1._(责备) by his teacher，the boy was frustrated and couldnt concentrate on his study.2._(怀疑) of damaging thi

19、s cultural heritage，he was arrested by the police.3.Yellow is _ (把连接起来) with confidence，self-respect and friendliness.4.More than forty _ (杰出的) young singers from eight countries have been chosen for this years art festival.5.After _ (倒出) oil into a pan and turning on the stove，I waited patiently un

20、til the oil was hot.6.Luckily，she realized her _ (错误)and felt grateful to the man.7.Back in the lab，I _ (回想起) his words and continued the project day and night.(2022浙江1月卷)8.As a guest，you are expected to share some of your _ (深刻见解) into the way of learning English well.(2022新高考卷)9.I am writing to _(

21、真诚地) invite you to take part in our party on the Belt and Road Initiative.10.As far as I know，studying English _ (需要；涉及)great patience and determination.11.I must work as a tutor to cover my daily _(费用)，which will cost an arm and a leg.12.More importantly，computer science is closely related to most

22、fields of science and has played a decisive role in one countrys _ (全面的) development.13.To my amazement，he lost his _ (脾气) suddenly and threw a glass vase at her.14.With your diligence and concentration，you are bound to succeed in entering an _ (理想的) university.15.To make progress in your English，yo

23、ud better spend a _(最小值)of 30 minutes reading every day.16.At break，our headteacher got down to dealing with the matters _ (出现) from his class.17.Put your phone away and enjoy the _(风景).Its really amazing.18.It was not an unemployment letter but a letter with several suggestions about my teaching，on

24、e of which was _ (强调；使醒目) in red.19.Qingdao is a beautiful coastal city and also one of the most important _ (海港) in China.20.Judging from your _(口音)，you come from the West，if Im not mistaken.21.Every time you feel _(惊慌)，youd better take a deep breath and try to relax yourself.22.Seizing the opportu

25、nity，I _ (溜走) out of the room and waited at the bottom of the stairs.23.Last night a boy was _ (淹死；溺死)in the river，which made his parents heart-broken.24.He hung on for a few minutes and _(高声喊)for his father，but his father didnt hear him.(2022新高考卷)25.Margarito _ (哽咽) up as he explained the accident

26、to his mom and comforted her.26.I moved cautiously close to her，_(抓住)her under the shoulders，and pulled her out.二、结合语境运用短语1.Since my grandfather _ the disease，we have taken turns to care for him.(道歉信，2021北京卷)2.Jenna _ making sandwiches with her father guiding her patiently.(2021新高考卷)3._ his years of

27、 sports training，he developed the spirit of never giving up.4.Wed like to employ a secretary who is friendly，hard-working，and _，able to deal with something unexpected.5.Great things happen when you step out of your _，and you would be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.6.He sincerely

28、 told me that whatever happened，he would _ me.7.There is no denying that studying abroad will _.8.It is your hospitality and warm welcome that make us _.9.Much to my surprise，Henry was the only one to _ against the decision.10.We must keep our room clean，for dirt and disease _.11.With more and more

29、forests _，large quantities of soil are being washed away.12.Catherine walked direct toward Landy，_ what they said.13._ coming to China，I didnt know much about Chinese cuisine.14.Based on such a meaningful theme，the festival will _ various activities.15.Jenna _ crying，but to her joy，her father agreed

30、 to help them make breakfast.(2021新高考卷)16.The little boy refused to participate in the morning exercise because it was _.17.If youre truly concerned，youll know when your neighbor needs some cheering up_ flowers or a helping hand.18.The view of the island _ and I couldnt help taking photos.19.After w

31、e understand the business requirements，we can _ the development of services that meets these requirements.20.Suddenly the little boy let out a scream.His mother saw him fall to the ground and immediately went up to _.21.I hadnt been training for months and was really _.So I had no choice but to take

32、 exercise to keep in shape.22.It is wrong of you to just _ and do nothing when others are in trouble.23.What astonished us was that we found him _ on the bedroom floor.24.If youre tired out by Friday night，_ on Saturday could sound wonderful.三、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Given that the driver injured the pas

33、ser-by，he was so _ (severe) punished that his parents were _ (frustrate).2. This battle was _ (vivid) recorded in the documentary film.3. At that time，people were advised to stay at home to reduce the risk of getting _ (infect).4. Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation，Xie Lei c

34、hose to live with a host family，_ can help with her _ (adapt) to the new culture.5. _ (cooperate) with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different _ (angle)，thus giving us more insight into our own culture.6. Only in this way can we live more _ (comfort) and feel at home in beautiful _ (surround).7. I have found him so _ (qualify) for the position that he can help handle the situation in a practical and _ (reason) way.