暑假作业 01 选择性必修一重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习（含解析）-【暑假分层作业】2024年高二英语暑假培优练（人教版2019）.docx

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1、暑假作业 01 选择性必修一重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习-【暑假分层作业】2024年高二英语暑假培优练（人教版2019） 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 暑假作业 01 选择性必修一重点单词、单词变形、短语、句型练习一、重点单词1._ adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的2._vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n.沸腾；沸点3._vi.& vt.坚持；坚决要求；坚持说4._adv.主要地；一般地5._vi.& vt.(fled，fled，fleeing)迅速离开；逃跑6._ n.usually pl.条件；环境；状况7._n.流；流动；流畅；供应 vi.流；流动8._n.理论；学

2、说9._n.教授10._ n.短语；词组11._vt.转换；交换vi.& vt.(使)改变；转变n.开关；转换器；改变12._adj.远程的；偏远的13._n.常规；正常顺序 adj.常规的；日常的14._adj.有关的；有意义的15._adj.可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的16._vt.& n.预测；预报17._adj.乡村的；农村的18._ n.段；段落19._n.文章20._vt.明令禁止；取缔 n.禁令21._ vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏；喷嚏声22._vi.延伸；延续 vi.& vt.伸展；舒展24._ vt.& vi.(swung，swung，swinging)(使)摆动；摇摆；转弯

3、；(使)突然转向25._adj.极佳的；卓越的26._n.展览；陈列；展览品 vt.显示；陈列27._adj.合适的；恰当的28._ n.手势；姿势；姿态29._n.面颊；脸颊30._vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低(头)n.弓；蝴蝶结31._n.发生的事情；严重事件；冲突32._vt.& vi.(bent，bent，bending)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向 n.弯；拐角33._adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚34._vi.盯着看；凝视n.凝视35._n.胸部；胸膛36._adv.只是；仅仅；只不过37._adv.最终；最后38._ vt.克服；解决；战胜39._vt.& vi.扩大；增加vt.扩展；发展

4、(业务)40._vt.估计；估价；估算n.估计；估算41._vt.包括；包含；由组成42._n.泥土；土壤；国土；领土43._adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的44._ adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的45._vt.& vi.消化vt.领会；领悟n.摘要；文摘46._n.可供选择的事物adj.可供替代的；非传统的47._n.根；根茎；根部；根源二、重点单词变形1.academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校_adj.学业的；学术的2.evaluate vt.评价；评估_n.评价；评估3.distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的_n.区别；差别4.apparent a

5、dj.显而易见的；明显的_adv.显而易见；看来；显然5.gentle adj.温柔的；文静的_adv.轻轻地；温柔地6.gradual adj.逐渐的_adv.逐渐地；逐步地7.remark v.& n. 谈论；评论_adj.非凡的；显著的_adv.惊人地8.distant adj.遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的_n.距离9.automatic adj.自动的_adv.无意识地；自动地10.prefer vt.更喜欢；偏好_n.爱好；偏爱11.constant adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n.常数；常量_adv. 始终；一直12.predict vt.预测；预言；预料_n.预测；预

6、言13.oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠_adj.反对的_adj.对面的；相反的 n.对立的人(或物)；对立面 prep.在对面14.resist vi.& vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡_n.抵制；反对；抗拒15.accurate adj.精确的；准确的_n.精确，准确16.visible adj.看得见的；可见的_adj.看不见的17.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止；阻止_n.禁止；阻止；禁令18.appeal vi.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求；上诉 n.吸引力；呼吁；上诉；请求_adj.有吸引力的；恳求的19.fashion n.时尚；时兴；流行款式_adj.流行的；时髦的20.cyc

7、le n.自行车；摩托车；循环 vi.骑自行车_n.骑自行车的人21.approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过_n.赞成；通过；同意；批准_adj.赞许的；许可的22.employ vt.使用；应用；雇用_n.雇用；使用_n.雇主；老板_n.雇工；雇员_adj.失业的23.differ vi.相异；不同于_adj.不同的_n.不同；差异24.favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同_adj.赞成的；有利的25.rely vi.依赖；依靠_adj.可靠的；可信赖的26.slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的_adv.略微；稍微27.anxious adj.焦

8、急的，焦虑的_n.焦虑；担心；害怕28.adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯_n.调整，调节；适应_adj.可调节的；可调整的29.react vi.(对)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应_n.反应，回应30.convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服_adj.令人信服的_adj.确信的；坚信的；坚信不疑的31.convention n.惯例；习俗_adj.传统的；习惯的32.expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)_n.扩大；膨胀33.real adj.真实的_vt.实现；意识到_n.现实；实际情况；事实34.extend v.使延

9、长；扩大_n.扩建部分；扩大；电话分机35.poor adj.贫穷的_adv.糟糕地；不适_n.贫穷；贫困三、重点短语1._承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等)2._坚决要求3._(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗4._总结；概括5._为做出贡献6._凭借；利用7._竖立起来8._某人无法控制9._出于对的热爱10._由于11._偶然12._关/开(电灯、机器等)13._着火14._记录15._ (与)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)16._与闲逛17._一方面另一方面18._使某人安心19._日常生活20._在行进中；在移动中21._出发；启程；(怀着目标)开始工作22._依靠生活；以吃为生

10、23._有吸引力；有感染力；呼吁；上诉；打动24._达到(某数量、程度等)；直到；不多于；(体力或智力上)能胜任；由决定25._展览26._对熟悉27._遗留；丢弃； 把抛在后面28._相比之下29._ (与)相比较30._消除；分解；打破31._直起来；整理；收拾整齐32._换句话说；也就是说33._(短暂地)访问；要求 (某人讲话等)；正式邀请；呼吁34._有某种影响；在工作35._亲吻某人的脸颊36._盯着；注视37._把用于；献身；致力；专心38._包括；包含；由组成(或构成)39._在内心深处；本质上；实际上40._一个的问题41._相应地；转而；依次；轮流42._例如；比如43._

11、远离；远非44._富于；有丰富的四、重点句型1.句型：upon/on (doing) sth一就一听到这个消息，他难以抑制心中的兴奋，高兴地跳了起来。(兴奋心理描写)_，he was unable to control his excitement and jumped with joy.2.句型：状语从句的省略上周末在农场摘水果的时候，我们沐浴在春日温暖的阳光中。(2020全国卷)_，we were bathed in the spring warm sunshine.3.句型：it作形式主语对于约翰来说，通过制作和卖爆米花来帮助伯纳德过更好的生活是一种莫大的荣幸。(2020新高考卷)_ B

12、ernard to live a better life by making and selling popcorn.4.句型：the instant我一看到熊咬铁丝网，我就屏住呼吸，一动也不敢动。(2020浙江卷)_，I held my breath，not daring to move an inch.5.句型：the way作先行词的定语从句只有改变我们对待环境的方式，我们才能与环境友好相处。(环境保护)Only by changing _ can we get along well with it.6.句型：as引导原因状语从句我写信寻求您对我们的英语短剧的指导，因为我不知道如何调整剧

13、情的词汇和语法。(求助信)Im writing to ask for your guidance on our English short play，_ the vocabulary and grammar of the plot.7.句型：现在分词短语作结果状语中国运动员在东京奥运会上获得了88枚奖牌，使整个国家兴奋不已。Chinese athletes won 88 medals in Tokyo Olympic Games，_.8.句型：倍数表达法现在全运会的运动员人数是十年前的两倍。Nowadays the number of the athletes in the National

14、Games is _ ten years ago.9.句型：It is hoped that.人们希望普通人能过上富足和幸福的生活。_.10.句型：“否定词比较级”表示最高级直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。It was not until then that I suddenly realized _ than I was.11.句型：部分否定并非每个学生都真正意识到了尊重和传播中国传统文化的重要性。_ respecting and spreading traditional Chinese culture.12.句型：while引导让步状语从句尽管旅游能够拓展你的视野，但是我认为在这

15、方面花费太多的时间和金钱不是一个好主意。_，I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.13.句型：what引导主语从句给我印象最深的是，每当我遇到困难时，我的叔叔都会激励我坚持我的梦想。_ my uncle will always motivate me to stick to my dream whenever I come across difficulties.14.句型：given that.引导条件状语从句考虑到她喜欢孩子，我确信教书是适合她的职业。_，Im convinced that t

16、eaching is the right career for her.15.句型：Itbe过去分词that.据估计，到2050年，13亿人将把英语作为他们的第一或第二语言。_1.3 billion people will use English as their first or second language by 2050.一、结合语境运用单词1.I was excited because I knew we were going to win，but to my disappointment we were _ (击败).2.The motto means excellence can

17、 only be _ (获得)after you have put to use what you have learnt and have tried it over and over again.3.Im writing to invite you to attend “Talk and Talk”，an English program _ (创建) by our school broadcasting station.(2022新高考卷)4.It was by chance that I _(遇到) my former classmate on the street the other

18、day.5.As a graduating high school student who has a _(激情) for volunteering，I will have enough time and energy to invest in my community.6.Another reason is my _ (不断的) concern about the environmental protection and the improvement of peoples living conditions.7.Labour not only creates a better enviro

19、nment for us to live in but also _ (倡导) the spirit of diligence.8.My teacher cares about me and prepares me for my future _ (职业；事业).9.He _ (命令)that the students should hand in their homework before he returned.10.It goes without saying that oceans play a _ (关键的) role in the world.(2022全国甲卷)11._ (为伴奏

20、) her daughter on the piano，when she was available，was a good opportunity to display her talent for music.12.The librarian suffered from headaches and loss of _(食欲；胃口)，so he didnt go to the restaurant with us.13.When I came across him，he was _(闲逛) aimlessly in the street.14.Its announced that there

21、is going to be a lecture _ (以为主题)“How to learn effectively”.15.Equipped with a _ (雄伟的) stadium，our school offers us an opportunity to do a variety of sports.16.The tea house _ (见证) a really enjoyable time for all of us.17.She found herself in _ (冲突) with her parents over her future career in fashion

22、 design.18.He made a silly mistake，so he _ (降低) his head，not daring to look up.19.Having _ (澄清) his opinion of the incident，Mr Smith sat down and listened to others.20.There is no need for you to _(费心)yourself about such small things.21.She _ (哭泣) sadly，wiping her tears with a tissue.22.Besides，fini

23、shing the hard race will help us obtain self-confidence and motivation，which are _ (极其重要的) qualities in our future success.23.To my amazement，his opinion is similar to mine in many _ (方面).24.In my _ (空闲)time，I listen to my favorite songs at home instead of going outdoors.25.The construction of China

24、 Space Station shows our country has _ (获得) great success in space science.二、结合语境运用短语1.It is necessary for you to _ your experience constantly and improve the efficiency of your work.2.The farmers _ sending us some tasty apples when we set off for our school.3.The carpet is designed to stand up to a

25、 lot of _ .4.The building _ and many people were trapped in it.5.I will try to _ the new field by gaining relevant knowledge gradually.6.He _ the computer the instant he heard someone knocking at the door.7.The poor family _ the land，with the father struggling to make ends meet.8.He got to the compa

26、ny in a hurry，only to find he had _ his suitcase _ at home.9.The group of wild horses are _，so its difficult for us to take photos of them.10.Some of Qi Baishis paintings are _ in the museum at present.11.The Greens _ early in the morning and arrived at their destination before noon.12.The activity

27、is aimed at _ students to take exercise for an hour every day.13.In other words，employing body language appropriately can help you _ barriers in communication.14.In the street，she found herself _ by a stranger，which made her a little nervous.15.Helen _ her bedroom when she heard her mother crying fo

28、r help in the kitchen.16.Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and _ we should give a helping hand to them from now on.17.Although I was angry at his words，_ I knew most of what he said was right.18.My father was _ satisfied with my answer to his quest

29、ion.(2021浙江6月卷)19.Everyone can make contributions to protecting our natural resources._，we can save lots of gas by riding a bike or walking instead of driving.20.Keep up your courage，since life _ joy and sadness.三、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。1.After two years，the second group saw_ (remark) improvements in heart

30、 health.(2022新高考卷)2.The _ (novel) was about to leave when he noticed leaves moving gently (gentle) in the breeze.3. _ (found) in 1985 in Beijing，it is now a nationwide organization, where the performance of the employee _(evaluate) last month.4._ (encounter) a frightening beast on the way to the mar

31、ket the other day, the servant _ (flee) with her heart beating wildly.5.With the help of his classmates, Peter got used to the new life and _(gradual) made progress in his studies.6.From these facts we can draw a _ (conclude) that we ought to adopt a more _(science) approach to preserving the tradit

32、ional customs.7.The camps have excellent horses, _ (profession) guides and lots of support workers.8.Upon reaching his hometown in the _ (distant)，the politician expressed a _ (prefer) for the unique scenery.9.China will safeguard energy security by resource protection, _ (advocate) green lifestyles

33、 and consumer culture.10.He insisted on going there alone in spite of a _ (warn) issued by the local government.His behaviour was so strange and _ (normal).11.As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it _(automatic).12.In France, quality of life is much more importan

34、t than _ (efficient).(2021新高考卷)13.We followed Mr.Reads speech attentively，nodding and applauding _ (constant).14.Overall, the results are quite interesting, indicating that language learning can be integrated with personal hobbies and _(entertain).(2022全国乙卷)15.In this sense, nothing is as _ (appeal)

35、 as spending time with the family and enjoying various entertainment activities.16.His parents have been working away from home，thus rarely _ (accompany) him, but he never complains about that.17. After _(cycle) for half an hour, I persuaded him to go to a restaurant for lunch where smoking _(prohib

36、it).18.Our program, which is mainly about students study and school life，has a _ (differ) topic each time.(2022新高考卷)19.As a special _ (educate) teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.(2022新高考卷)20.However, her children have learned an important lesson _ (