2023年和县考研《英语一》临考冲刺试题含解析.docx

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1、2023年和县考研英语一临考冲刺试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)完形填空请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When asked by Conan OBrien if his daughters had smartphones, come

2、dian Louis CK explained that he had 1 replied, “No, you cant have it. Itfs bad fbr you. I dont 2 what you want. This hit home fbr me because at the time, I was in difficult negotiations with my ten-year-old daughter 3 one. And frankly, she was winning. CK added, Tm not raising the_ 4-Im raising the

3、grown-ups that theyre going to be. So just 5 the other stupid kids have phones doesnt mean that my kid has to be stupid, or 6 shell feel weird. OK, I was sold.Cell phones are “toxic, especially fbr kids J he said, because they dont help them learn empathy, one of the nicer human 7 When we text, the

4、8 we get is in cold, hard text-speak. Why are kids 9? he asked. Because theyre trying it out.They look at another kid and go. Youre fat.9 Then they find the kids unhappy, and they think, Ooh, that doesnt feel 10 There, theyve experienced empathy. Texting “youre fiat“ allows you to bypass the pain yo

5、uve caused.CK went on to explain to us that smartphones rob us of our ability to be 11 Kids use smartphones to 12y! Afterall, one of the joys of being human is allowing our minds to 13 With cell phones, kids are always preoccupied. They never daydream,14 in class. And heres something else we5re 15 o

6、ut on thanks to Steve Jobss little device: ourright to be. This was a right I hadnt realized I desired until CK pointed out that its yet another of the essential human emotions.“Everybodys murdering each other with their cars“ as they text, CK screamed, because they fear being alone. Too bad 一theyre

7、 missing out on a life affirming experience.“I was in my car one time, and Bruce Springsteens Jungleland came on J he said. “And he sounds so far away. It made me really sad. And I think, OK, Ive got to get the phone and write hi to 50 people. I was16 for the phone, and I thought,Dont! Just be sad.

8、So CK 17 over and allowed himself to sob like a little girl that brand-new four-poster bedfbr her American Girl doll. It was beautiful. Youre lucky to 18 sad moments/ he said. And because he didnt fight and push it away with that little phone, because he allowed himself to be miserable, his body rel

9、eased endorphins(内啡肽).“And thats why I dont want to get phones fbr my kids. CK said. And I suppose I dont either.1、A.hardlyB.simplyC.voluntarilyD.specially2、A.rejectB.careC.neglectD.separate3A.byB.fromC.overD.beyond12. B13. B14. D15. C16. C17. D18. C19. C20. DSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. A2.

10、 B3. C4. A3、1. D2. D3. B4. A4、1. B2. A3. D4. C5、1. D2. C3. C4. B6、 1. were killed;2. on;3. before;4. completely;5. that/which;6. out;7. how;8. electrical;9. but;10. to escape7、1. exactly2. the3. in4. failing5. diseases6. worse7. . to break8. impossible9. what10. isSection III Translation8、L E2. D3.

11、A4. C5. F9、1. G2. A3. D4. F5. B4、 A. childrenB.moneyC.standardD.doubts5、A. afterB.unlessC.thoughD.because6、A. otherwiseB.neverthelessc.rarelyD.moreover7、A. emotionsB.hobbiesc.issuesD.weaknesses8、A. errorB.responsec.troubleD.danger9、A. proudB.stupidc.meanD.delighted10、A. upsetB.awkwardc.goodD.crazy11

12、 A. creativeB.smartc.criticalD.alone12、A. spareB.occupyc.valueD.miss13、A. focusB.wanderc.makeD.occur14、A. evenB.stillc.everD.except15、A. figuringB.findingc.missingD.taking16 A. capableB.accessiblec.changeableD.miserable17 A. reachingB.answeringc.applyingD.begging18、A. pulledB.turnedc.gotD.came19 A.

13、remindedB.deniedc.rewardedD.neglected20 A. liveB.sharec.ignoreD.spareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1Scientists think they have the a

14、nswer to a puzzle that confused even Charles Darwin: How flowers evolved and spread to become the most important plants on Earth.Flowering plants, or angiosperms, make up about 90% of all living plant species. In the distant past, they outpaced （超过）plants such as conifers and fems （针叶植物和蕨类植物），but ho

15、w they did this has been a mystery. New research suggests it is due to genome （基因组）size.Hundreds of millions of years ago, the Earth was dominated （支酉己）by ferns and conifers. Then, about 150 million years ago, the first flowering plants appeared on the scene. They quickly spread to all parts of the

16、world, changing the landscape from muted green to a variety of colours.Why angiosperms were successful and diverse on Earth has been debated for centuries. Charles Darwin himself called it a“mystery”, fearing this apparent sudden leap might challenge his theory of evolution.Kevin Simonin from San Fr

17、ancisco State University in California, US and other researchers wondered if the size of the plants genetic material-or genome-might be important. They analysed data held by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, on the genome size of hundreds of plants, including flowering plants, gymnosperms （a group of

18、plants including conifers） and fems. They then compared genome size with anatomical （结构上的）features.This provides “strong evidence”, that the success and rapid spread of flowering plants around he world is due to genome downsizing.”By shrinking the size of the genome, which is contained within the nu

19、cleus of the cell, plants can build smaller cells. In tum, this allows greater carbon dioxide uptake （摄入）and carbon gain from photosynthesis, the process by which plants use light energy to turn carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen.The researchers say genome一downsizing happened only in the

20、 angiosperms, and his was “a necessary condition fbr rapid growth rates among land plants”.1、What do you know about angiosperms?A. They are dominant plants on Earth.B. They are rare plants in South Africa.C. They are topical plants in South Asia.D. They are extinct plants in the world.2、It can be in

21、ferred that .A. Charles Darwin was confident of his theory of evolutionB. Kevin Simonin is probably an American biologistC. Kev in Simonin works in the Royal Botanic Gardens, KewD. Charles Darwin succeeded in figuring out the flower evolution3、Which of the following contributed to the success and di

22、versity of angiosperms?A. The weaker conifer.B. The larger nucleus.C. The smaller genome.D. The stronger cell.4、Which of the following is the best title?A. How Angiosperms Conquered the World?B. W hat Puzzle Confused Even Charles Darwin?C. Why Gymnosperms Were Successful on Earth?D. When Angiosperms

23、 Outpaced Conifers and Fems?Text 2You might think people all over the United States have Wi-Fiwireless Internet service-and mobile phones. But there is no such service in Green Bank, West Virginia, a tiny town four hours from the U. S. capital, Washington D. C. Fewer than 150 people live in Green Ba

24、nk, which has two churches, an elementary school and a public library. It is also home to the largest radio telescope in the world.There is a ban（禁令）on Wi-Fi in Green Bank, along with anything else that can create electromagnetic（电磁的）waves. Officials say the waves could disturb the signals（信号）the te

25、lescope receives.For many Americans, a visit to Green Bank is a little like returning to the 1950s. To get there, you must read road signs-because there is no GPS service in the town. People can connect with the Internet through telephones, but wireless service is not allowed.The observatory（天文台）is

26、one of the largest employers in the area. The federal National Science Foundation （NSF）spends about $8.2 million a year to operate the observatory, telescope and educational center.Jonah Bauserman is a technician. If he supposes there is a signal that is not allowed in the zone, he drives to the hou

27、se where the signal is coming from and checks it. but once a week, when the device is cleaned, come banned devices are allowed near it.People in the town respect the work of the scientists. And they say they are happy to live without Wi-Fi and mobile phones. “You know, instead of sitting here on our

28、 phones and other devices were out fishing and hunting and going to each others houses.Everyone knows each other and communication is almost always face-to-face.1、 What will you are see when you pay a visit to Green Bank?A. GPS service B. Radio-controlled toysC. Cell phone towers D. Guide posts2、Wha

29、t is Jonah Bauserman duty in his work?A. Following signals from cell phonesB. Cleaning the telescope once a weekC. Listening for signals from outer spaceD. Protecting the telescope from being affected3、What has the telescope brought to the local people?A. Great wealth B. A healthier lifestyleC. Many

30、 job chances D. Much difficulty in life4、What may be the best title for this text?A. An American Town Without Wi-Fi and Mobile PhonesB. Good Relationships Between people in an American TownC. The Largest Radio Telescope in the World D. A Better Life Without Wireless Devices Text 3Is it OK for childr

31、en to count on their fingers? Generations of pupils have been discouraged by their teachers from using their hands when learning maths. But a new research article published in Frontiers in Education shows using fingers may be a very important part of maths learning.The article, by Professor Tim Jay

32、of Sheffield Hallam University and independent researcher Dr Julie Betenson, substantiates what parents have long felt that the finger games children often play at home are central to their education.The researchers worked with 137 primary pupils aged between six and seven. All the children were giv

33、en different combinations of counting and number games to play but only some were given exercises which involved finger-training. Some pupils played games involving number symbols, such as dominoes, shut-the-box, or snakes and ladders. Other pupils were asked to play finger games, such as being aske

34、d to hold up a given number of fingers, or numbering fingers from 1 to 5 and then having to match one of them by touching it against the corresponding（对应）finger on the other hand, or following coloured lines using a particular finger. Both these groups did a little better in maths tests than a third

35、 group of pupils who had simply had business as usual1 with their teachers. But the group which did both the counting and the finger games performed far better.This study provides evidence that fingers provide children with a bridge“ between different representations of numbers, which can be verbal,

36、 written or symbolic. Combined finger training and number games could be a useful tool for teachers to support childrens understanding of numbers.1、How did the author introduce the topic of the text?A. By providing evidence B. By raising a questionC. By giving an example D. By making comparisons2、Th

37、e underlined word “substantiates“ in paragraph 2 most probably means “A. supports B. changesC. ignores D. advertises3、What can we know about the research mentioned in the text?A. It is carried out by two university professorsB. Its research subjects are mostly pre-school childrenC. It is based on th

38、e comparison of two groups of children D. Its findings should draw the attention of math teachers.4、What does the author think of childrens finger counting?A. BoringB. FoolishC. HelpfulD. UniqueText 4Over seven months have passed since Panamanian officials launched an expansion of the world famous P

39、anama Canal.Officials agreed to the expansion so that many of the worlds largest cargo ships （货船）could easily pass through the canal. Yet the $ 5.25-billion project has problems. It says ships still continue to rub against the canals walls and wear out its defenses designed to protect both shipping

40、and the waterway.A dangerous systemThe canal links two oceans-the Atlantic and the Pacific-through a system of locks （舟。闸）. The locks are like steps. They raise and lower ships from one part of the waterway to another on their trip from ocean to ocean.With the old locks, which are still in use, larg

41、e ships would be tied to powerful engines on both sides. These engines help to keep the ships in the center of the canal. In the new locks, the ships are tied to tugboats （拖船）.One tugboat is tied to the front of the ship, with the other tied to the back. These boats then guide the ships through the

42、canal.At first, pilots of the cargo ships and tugboat operators would sometimes try to rub the boats against the canal walls as a way to keep the ships straight. But this caused damage to rubber padding （垫料）lining the walls.Not enough trainingEven before the expanded canal opened in June 2016, tugbo

43、at operators had expressed concern about the new system.Many asked for more training. The fears and dangers remain, although the boats are going through.The Panama Canal Authority reports that, between June 2016 and January 2017, there were only 15 incidents that resulted in damage to locks or ships

44、. That represents about 2 percent of the 700 times ships that have sailed through the expanded canal.Pilots have argued they should be replaced with a system of floating bumpers （减震）like those used in some European locks. Officials say they plan to continue operating with the current system of defen

45、ses, but changes could happen in the future. 1、What is the main problem with the newly expanded Panama Canal?A. It has cost too much money to buildB , The operators of the tugboats fear to work in it.C. It is too crowded for the largest ships to pass through.D. It still brings damage to the passing

46、ships and its own defenses.2、What is the difference between the new locks and the old ones?A. The old locks dont need rubber padding as defenses.B. The new locks need tugboats tied to both sides of the ships.C. The new locks are easier for the largest ships to pass through the canal.D. The old locks

47、 need powerful engines to drag the ships through the canal.3、What is the Panama Canal Authoritys attitude towards the expanded canal?A. Cautious. B. Critical.C. Positive. D. Doubtful.4、What can we learn about the current system of defenses?A. No ships shall rub against the canal walls to protect it.B. Nothing will be done at present to improve it.C. More training will be given to pilots for it.D. A new system will replace it.Part BDirections:Read the fol lowing text and answer the questions by c