2022年-考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx

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1、2022年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics, writers,

2、 and activists once again_1 that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2: A few wealthy people will own all the capital, andthe masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the f

3、uture will be a wasteland of a different sort, one 4 by purposelessness： Without jobs to give their lives 5 , people will simply become lazy and depressed. 6 , today? s unemployed don, t seem to be having a great time. 0ne Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for a

4、t least a year report having depression, double the rate for 7 Americans. Also, some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction 9 poorly-educated, middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dull

5、ness of a jobless future.But it doesn, t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the_1_2 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the 13 of work, a society designed with other ends in mind coul

6、d M strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the 15 of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential, z， says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.C other factors shou

7、ld not be overlookedD fire-fighting conditions are improvingThe overly simplified view Moritz mentions is a result of failing to,A discover the fundamental makeup of natureB explore the mechanism of the human systemsC understand the interrelations of man and natureD maximize the role of landscape in

8、 human lifeProfessor Balch points out that fire is something man should.A do away withB come to terms withC pay a price forD keep away fromPart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are

9、two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)The decline in American manufacturing is a common refrain, particularly from Donald Trump. We don, t make anything anymore, he told Fox News, while defending his own made-in-Mexico clothing line.Without question

10、, manufacturing has taken a significant hit during recent decades, and further trade deals raise questions about whether new shocks could hit manufacturing.But there is also a different way to look at the data.Across the country, factory owners are now grappling with a new challenge: Instead of havi

11、ng too many workers, they may end up with too few. Despite trade competition and outsourcing, American manufacturing still needs to replace tens of thousands of retiring boomers every year. Millennials may not be that interested in taking their place. Other industries are recruiting them with simila

12、r or better pay.For factory owners, it all adds up to stiff competition for workers - and upward pressure on wages. They re harder to find and they have job offers, says Jay Dunwell, president of Wolverine Coil Spring, a family-owned firm. aThey may be coming into the workforce, but they ve been plu

13、cked by other industries that are also doing as wel 1 as manufacturing, z/ Mr. Dun we 11 has begun bri nging high school juniors to the factory so they can get exposed to its culture.At RoMan Manufacturing, a maker of electrical transformers and welding equipment that his father cofounded in 1980, R

14、obert Roth keeps a close eye on the age of his nearly 200 workers. Five are retiring this year. Mr. Roth has three conununity-co 11 ege students enrol led in a work-placement program, with a starting wage of $13 an hour that rises to $17 after two years.At a worktable inside the transformer plant, y

15、oung Jason Stcnquist looks flustered by the copper coils he s trying to assemble and the arrival of two visitors. It s his first week on the job. Asked about his choice of career, he says at high school he considered medical school before switching to electrical engineering. I love working with tool

16、s. I love creating,he says.But to win over these young workers, manufacturers have to clear another major hurdle: parents, who lived through the worst US economic downturn since the Great Depression, telling them to avoid the factory. Millennials “remember their father and mother both were laid off.

17、 They blame it on the manufacturing recession, says Birgit Klohs, chief executive of The Right Place, a business development agency for western Michigan.These concerns aren, t misplaced: Employment in manufacturing has fallen from 17 million in 1970 to 12 million in 2022. When the recovery began, wo

18、rker shortages first appeared in the high-skilled trades. Now shortages are appearing at the mid-skill levels.“The gap is between the jobs that take no skills and those that require a lot of skill,，z says Rob Spohr, a business professor at Montcalm Community College.“There re enough people to fill t

19、he jobs at McDonalds and other places where you don, t need to have much skill. It* s that gap in between, and that* s where the problem IS.Julie Parks of Grand Rapids Community College points to another key to luring Millennials into manufacturing: a work/life balance. While their parents were cont

20、ent to work long hours, young people value flexibility. uOvertime is not attractive to this generation. They really want to live their lives, she says.A says that he switched to electrical engineering because he loves working with tools.41. Jay DunwellB points out that there are enough people to fil

21、l the jobs that don, t need much skill.42. Jason StenquistC points out that the US doesn, t manufacture anything anymore.43. Birgit KlohsD believes that it is important to keep a close eye on the age of his workers.44. Rob SpohrE says that for factory owners, workers are harder to find because of st

22、iff competition.45. Julie ParksF points out that a work / life balance can attract young people into manufacturing.G says that the manufacturing recession is to blame for the lay-off of the young peopler s parents.Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your transl

23、ation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)My dream has always been to work somewhere in an area between fashion and publishing. Two years before graduating from secondary school, I took a sewing and design course thinking that I would move on to a fashion design course. However, during that course T rea

24、lised I was not good enough in this area to compete with other creative personalities in the future, so I decided that it was not the right path for me. Before applying for university T told everyone that T would study journal ism, because writing was, and still is, one of my favourite activities. B

25、ut, to be honest, I said it, because I thought that fashion and me together was just a dream-I knew that no one couldimagine me in fashion-related “Fashion Mediaimagine me in fashion-related “Fashion Mediathe fashion industry courses that included & Promotion. z，at all! So I decided to look for some

26、 writing. This is when I noticed the courseWritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you arc invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply toaccept the invitation, and1) introduce the key points of your presentation.You shoul

27、d write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming instead.Do not write your address. (10 points), Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you shouldinterpret the chart, and1) give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSW

28、ER SHEET. (15 points)2022年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语二参考答案Section I Use of EnglishReading ComprehensionPart AText 121. B gained great popularityD promote sport participation22. C does not emphasize elitismB invest in public sports facilities23. A criticalText 224. A absorb user attentionD reduces mother-child com

29、munication25. C parents need to respond to children s emotional needsD ensure constant interaction with their children26. B give their parents some free timeText 327. C it feels strange to do differently from othersA relieve freshmen of pressures28. D adaptationB decide on the right major29. A In Fa

30、vor of the Gap YearText 430. A consumed a record-high percentage of budgetD guarantee safer spending of public funds31. C other factors should not be overlookedC understand the interrelations of man and nature32. B come to terms withPart B33. EA34. GB35. FSection IH TranslationSection IV Writing46.略

31、Part A略Part B略These days, because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs. When I come home from a hard day s work, T often feel18,”Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I don t have to work, I

32、might feel rather different” perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for20 matters.1.AboastingBdenying2.AinequalityBinstabi1i ty3.ApolicyBguideline4.AcharacterizedBdivided5.AwisdomBmeaning6.AInsteadBIndeed7.ArichBurban8.Aexplanati

33、onBrequirement9.AunderBbeyond10.Aleave behindBmake up11.AstatisticallyBoccasionally12.AchancesBdownsides13.AabsenceBheight14.AdisturbBrestore15.AmodelBpractice16.AtrickyBlengthy17.AdemandsBstandards18.AignoredBtired19.AoffBagainst20.AtechnologicalBprofessionalLCJ warningC unreliabilityC resolutionCb

34、alancedC gloryC ThusCworkingC compensationC alongsideC worry about necessarily benefits face excludeTJ J c c rLu u c c rL I-C virtueC mysteriousC qualitiesC confusedC behindC educationalLD ensuringD uncertaintyD predictionDmeasuredD freedomD NeverthelessD educatedD substituteD amongD set asideD econ

35、omicallyD principlescourseyield hardship scarce threatsu J D D rL ILu TJ TJD D DrL rlD starvedD intoD interpersonalSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by- choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (4

36、0 points)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50, 000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four

37、years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley , s world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where LondonJ s Olympic “legacy is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30 Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents

38、pledged that the great legacy of the Games would be to lever a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the run-up to 2022but the ge

39、neral population was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 202

40、2 failed to a inspire a generation.The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Oly

41、mpic bidders, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sport and to produce more elite athletes. Thc dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd in the state getting involved in the planning of such a fun

42、damentally “grassroots concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goods一making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these

43、 activities in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or

44、at least not make themAccording to Paragraph!, Parkrun has.A created many jobsB gained great popularityC become an official festivalD strengthened community tiesThe author believes that London,s Olympic “legacy has failed to.A boost population growthB improve the city, s imageC increase sport hours

45、in schoolsD promote sport participationParkrun is different from Olympic games in that it.A aims at discovering talentsB focuses on mass competitionC does not emphasize elitismD does not attract first-timersWith regard to mass sports, the author holds that governments should.A increase funds for spo

46、rts clubsB invest in public sports facilitiesC organize grassroots sports eventsD supervise local sports associationsThe authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports is.A criticalB tolerantC uncertainD sympatheticText 2With so much focus on children, s use of screens, it s easy for p

47、arents to forget about their own screen use. Tech is designed to really suck you in, says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. (3)It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine.Radesky has studied the use of mobile phone