英语7下-Unit1单元重点知识点归纳 2022-2023学年牛津译林版英语七年级下册.docx

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1、Unit 1 Dream homesComic strip1、 Would you like to live in a palace, Eddie.（P 6） Would you like/love to do sth.? 用来征求对方意见，“你想要做某事吗？”肯定回答用Yes, Id like/love to. 否定回答用“Sorry, I am afraid.”-Would you like to go swimming with me this afternoon?- Yes, Id like to. Would you like sth.表示“你想要吗？”肯定回答用Yes, pleas

2、e否定回答用No thanks.例如：-Would you like some apples?- No thankswould like的常见用法would like sth. 想要某物would like to do sth. 想要做某事would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事2、 No. Id like to next to a restaurant.（P 6）Next to紧邻，在近旁Tom lives next to Daniel.方位介词：Next to=beside 紧挨着，在.的旁边 By the river在河边 by还有通过.方式Live next

3、to a restaurant住在饭店隔壁3.There are twenty restaurants in town.in town在城里,在镇上，town前无须加定冠词the。 in hospital住院-in the hospital 在医院里in bed在床上，卧病在床-on the bed 在床上4.Which is your favourite? 你最喜欢哪家?Favourite n.最喜欢的人或事物This singer is one of my favourites.Adj.最喜欢的 favourite=like. bestWhich is your favourite?=Wh

4、ich do you like best?5.The biggest one in Fifth street!（P 6）one是不定代词，同类不同物 one=a +nit同类同物例如：I lost my watch. I want to buy one.I lost my watch but luckily a man returned it to me after three days.Bigger:比较级 最高级biggestWelcome to the unit1、 Simon wants to learn about foreign countries.（P 7）learn about

5、了解Foreign:adj 外国的 n.foreigner外国人2、 Help him write the names of the countries under the photos. （P 7）help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事3.I see. Where is it?I see我明白4.Is Tokyo the capital of Japan?（P 7）Capital n.首都、省会the capital of+表示国家或者省的名字，的首都或者省会The capital of each country 每个国家的首

6、都 Adj.大写的 capital letter大写字母Reading1、 Simon wants to learn about homes around the world. （P 8）around the world=all over the world=throughout the world全世界Thousands of visitors all over the world come to the Great Wall every year.2、 I live in a town 15 miles from London. （P 8）距离+(away) from some place

7、“离某地有多少距离”，far away from.离很远My home is far away from school. 我家离学校很远。3、 I always have fun with my dog there. （P 8）have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩的开心have fun/have a good time doing sth.做某事很开心All the students have fun learning English.4、 I live in a flat in the centre of Moscow. （P 8）in the

8、centre of 在中心They live in the centre of the city.middlemiddle指距离两端或两边距离相等的中央或中间部分，也用于指时间或活动的中间。如:I plant banana trees in the middle of the garden. 我在花园中间种上香蕉树。We usually plant trees in the middle of March,我们通常在三月中旬种树。centrecentre表示立体事物的中心(如球心等),多指物体的正中心,若要表示“.的中心”，其前面的介词不仅可用in,还可用at。如:She is standin

9、g in the centre of the room.她站在房间中央。There is a fountain at/in the centre of the park.公园中央有一个喷泉。5、 After dinner, we like to watch TV and chat there. （P 8）chat with sb和某人聊天Chat online网上聊天6.I share a bedroom with my sister. （P 8）share及物v.，分享、何用share sth. with sb.与某人分享/合用某物The boy wouldnt like to share

10、the toys with other children.7.We often listen to music in bed. （P 8）in bed（躺）在床上,卧病在床on the bed 在床上Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.There is a book on the bed.8.I have my own bedroom and bathroom, and I like the balcony best. （P 8）Own adj.自己的ones own sth.=sth. of ones own某人自己的On ones own单独地，独自地L

11、ive on ones own独自生活，居住 V.拥有 own=haveWho owns the house? n.owner 拥有者 Mr. White is the owner of the house.9.I love to sit there and look out at the beach and the sea. （P 8）look out 向外看look out at sth. 向外看某物look out of 向外看Look out of A at B 向A外面看BLook out of the window at the tree 向窗外看树Dont look out of

12、 the window in class.look out小心=be careful=take carelook out for.对小心 Look out for the stairs.小心台阶含look的短语look for 寻找look around 环顾四周look up 查阅;向上看look after 照顾look like 看起来像look around for 四处寻找10.The bedroom is the best place to chat and watch TV. （P 9）to chat and watch TV是动词不定式，在句中定语，修饰place。the be

13、st place to do sth.做某事的最好的地方He is the first student to come to school.11. write down sth 写下sth12. Cook meals做饭 cook n.厨师 v.煮 cooker 锅Grammar1、 The CN tower is 1,815 feet tall. （P 11）1,815 feet tall 1815英尺高数词+表单位的词+形容词（长、宽、高、深等）”，表示“长/宽/高/深等”，在句中作表语。The bridge is 10 metres wide and 50 metres long.长、宽

14、、高的表达法基数词+量词+形容词(作表语)合成形容词(作定语)基数词+量词+in+名词(作表语)The river is 10 miles long.= It is a 10-mile-long river.= The river is 10 miles in length.2、 Red Square in Moscow is about 91,000 square metres in size. （P 11）Square adj.正方形的、平方的 square meters平方米n.广场 the Tiananmen Square In size占地=have an area of.3.Fra

15、nce has an area of over 260,000 square miles. （P 11） over超过，=more than。My father is over forty.数 词1、数词的定义：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词为数词。2、数词的分类：数词可分为基数词和序数词，基数词表示数量的多少，序数词表示顺序的先后。3、数词的用法 基数词的用法I. 基数词的构成。基数词1-12是独立的单词。one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve基数词13-19是在个位数后面加-teen构成

16、，其中thirteen, fifteen, eighteen是不规则变化。thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen整十的基数词20-90是在个位数词后面加-ty构成，其中twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, eighty是不规则变化。twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety非整十基数词21-99是在十位数后面加上个位数构成，中间加上连字符“-”。twenty-one, seventy-six, eig

17、hty-eight三位数以上的基数词，百位数和十位数之间用and连接。two hundred and one, three thousand five hundred and fourteen英语中没有“万”和“亿”这两个单位，在表示“万”和“亿”时，把“万”念成10个千，“十万”念成100个千，“亿”念成100个百万以此类推。10,000：ten thousand100,000: a hundred thousand100,000,000: a hundred million35, 845: thirty-five thousand, eight hundred and forty-five

18、 千位以上的数从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号。从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后加thousand，第二个“，”前的数字后加million，第三个“，”前的数字后加billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。如： 2,648：two thousand six hundred and forty eight 16,250,064：sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand and sixty-four 6,127 ,354, 598: six billion one hundred and twenty-se

19、ven million three hundred and fifty-four thousand five hundred and ninety-eightII. hundred, thousand, million 和billion的用法。hundred, thousand, million和billion等表示确切数字时，只用其单数形式,不加s不加ofHehascollectedaboutthree hundredstamps.There are more than three hundred days in a year. 但是在表示不确切数字时，要用其复数形式，并且与of连用，表示约

20、数,没有数字加s加ofThousands of visitors travel to the Great Wall every year. There arehundreds ofpoisonousspidersandsnakes.III. 基数词表示编号。例如：Lesson Five (the fifth lesson) 第五课 Room 306 306房间 Page Twelve (the twelfth page) 第十二页 Class One, Grade Six 六年级一班 序数词的用法。I. 序数词的构成。序数词1-3是独立的单词。first, second, third基数词4-

21、19是在基数词后面加-th构成，其中fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, thirteenth, fifteenth是不规则变化。fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth, eleventh, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, nineteenth整十的基数词20-90变序数词时，变y为i再加“eth”。twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth,

22、 sixtieth, seventieth, eighties, ninetieth21以上非整十基数词变序数词时，只需将其个位数变成序数词，其它位数仍用基数词。twenty-first, seventy-sixth, two hundred and eighty-eighthII. 使用序数词时，前面经常加上定冠词the。e.g:1. He is always the first person to reach school. 他总是第一个到达学校。2. This is the third time for me to go to Beijing. 这是我第三次去北京。提醒： 使用序数词时，

23、前面应加定冠词the，但如果序数词前已经有其他限定词，则不加the。如： His first name is Mike. But I dont know his family name.他名叫迈克。但我不知道他的姓。 序数词起副词作用时，前面可省略the。如： Daniel always comes first in maths exams.丹尼尔总在数学考试中得第一。 序数词前可以加a/an，不强调顺序，表示“另一个，再一个”。如： Helen reads the text a second time. 海伦又把课文读了一遍。 序数词也可用缩写形式。如: fourth -4th，twenty

24、-third -23rd。4、各种数的表达I. 日期的表达。英语中的日期表达采用“月、日、年”或“日、月、年”的顺序。年份用基数词表达，日期用序数词表达。例如：10月1日：October 1st / the first of October2006年7月5日：July 5th, 2006 / the fifth of July, 2006II. 时间的表达。直接表达法用基数词 + oclock来表示整点，注意oclock须用单数，可以省略。例如：eight oclock 八点钟，ten (oclock) 十点钟用基数词按“钟点 + 分钟”的顺序直接写出时间。例如：eleven five 十一点

25、零五分，six forty六点四十间接表达法如果分钟数少于30分钟，可用分钟 + past + 钟点表示，其中past是介词，意思是“过”。例如：twenty past four 四点二十 eight past one 一点零八分如果分钟数多于30分钟，可用（60分钟-原分钟数）+ to +（原钟点数+ 1）表示，其中to是介词，意思是“差”。例如：8:35 可表示为twenty-five to nine 差二十五分钟九点，即八点三十五（其中的分钟数twenty-five 是由60分钟减去35分钟得到的；钟点数nine是由8加上1得到的）。注意： 当分钟数是15分钟时，可用名词quarter

26、（一刻钟）表示。例如：7:15可表示为 a quarter past seven， 12:15可表示为 a quarter past twelve 当分钟数是30分钟时，可用名词half （一半）表示。例如：9:30 可表示为 half past nine，3:30可表示为 half past three。III. 数量词的用法。表示长、宽、高，用“基数词+单位词（meter, kilometer, foot, inch等）+形容词（long, wide, high等）” 表示。two meters long 两米长three inches high 三英尺高four inches wide

27、四英寸宽表示时间、距离时，用含有数词的名词所有格形式作定语。five minutes walk 步行五分钟two hours ride 骑车两小时由数词和其它名词组成的复合数词，其中的名词用单数形式，各部分之间用连字符“-”来连接。a three-month-old baby 一个三个月大的婴儿a five-day holiday 五天的假期 复合数词相当于一个形容词，用来修饰名词，不能作表语。The building is ten meters high.（）This is a ten-meter-high building.（）The building is ten-meter-high.

28、（）This is a ten meters high building.（）IV.分数的表达。分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母加s表示复数。例如：1/3 one third 3/8 three eighths“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数，取决于名词的单复数。名词为单数则谓语动词用单数，名词为复数则谓语动词用复数。e.g:1. Two thirds of the land is covered with water. 三分之二的陆地都是被水所覆盖的。2. One fifth of the students come from the countryside. 五分

29、之一的学生来自农村。Part Five Integrated skills1. make a video of his house拍一个他房子的视频2.He sent it to Simon. send sb. sth. =send sth. to sb. 送给某人某物send me the bag=send the bag to me.3.Your house is really different from the flats here in our town.be different from与不同Be the same as.和.一样My hat is different from y

30、ours.4. Your garden is full of flowers.Full：满的，饱的 full-empty full-hungryI am full.我饱了be full of.=be filled with.充满、满是The basket is full of apples.=The basket is filled with apples.5.have a bedroom of my own有一个我自己的房间=have my own bedroom6.I hope to visit your home some day. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 Hope+

31、that从句I hope his dream comes true. some day=someday将来的某一天，总有一天,这边的some指的是某个Your dream will come true some day/someday.one day也可表示“某一天”，既可指过去的某一天，又可指将来的某一天。One day, he left his home.7. make a phone call打个电话 Call sb给某人打电话8.May I speak to Daniel, please?(1) “May/Can/Could I speak to. please?”是英语中打电话时常用

32、的开场白，意为“请问我可以跟.通话吗?”或“请问我可以找.接电话吗?”，还可用“Is . there, please? 表示，意为“请问.在吗?”。如果对方就是你要找的那个人，他/她通常会说“Speaking. /This is . (speaking). (我是.)”。.如：Hello. May I speak to Helen, please?你好。请问我可以跟海伦通话吗?= Hello .Is Helen there, please?你好。请问海伦在吗?电话用语归纳： “This is. (speaking).”意为“我是.。”电话用语中不用I，而用this/it来表示“我”。如: Th

33、is is Simon (speaking).= It is Simon here.= Simon is here 我是西蒙。 电话里询问对方是谁，用“Whos calling? ”或“Whos that (speaking)?” “Is that . (speaking)?”意为“你是.吗?”。切记不能用“Who are you?”。如：This is Tom. Whos that?我是汤姆。您是哪位?Its Jack here. 我是杰克。 Is that Stephen speaking? 你是斯蒂芬吗?May:可以；也许，可能May be可能是，用在句中 maybe 或许，可能，用在句

34、末 Must:必须，肯定 mustnt禁止 It must be Cindy. Can:可能，可以 cant:不能，不可能，不会 Need:需要，必要 neednt 不必要 neednt have done sth8. Can I take a passage?（P 14） take a message 传个话，捎个口信，take a message for.给捎个口信leave a message给捎个信儿Send a message发信息Could you take a message for Tony?Why dont you leave a message?information：不可

35、数名词，意为“信息；消息”，通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料、咨询等。get some information 获取一些信息news：不可数名词，意为“新闻；消息”，是指通过广播、电视、报纸、网络等新闻媒体向大众发布的最新消息，侧重“新”。good/bad news 好/坏消息 a piece of news 一则新闻message：可数名词，意为“消息；口信”，一般指口头传递或者书写的消息。David is my best friend. Id like to share the good _ with him. A. message B. informatio

36、n C. news D. sentenceIf you want to know more _ about the vacation，call me at 899-0432. A. information B. message C. messages D. newsIf I am not in my office when you visit me，you can ask my secretary to take a（an）_. A. news B. information C. look D. messageNowadays，it is easier to get lots of _（inf

37、ormation）on the Internet than before.I sent a few _ （message）to her，but she didnt reply to me.9.Can you ask him to call me back?（P 14）call sb. back意为“回电话”，宾语是名词时，放在call与back中间或者后面都可以；宾语为人称代词时，只能放在call与back中间。call Tom back=call back Tomring/phone/telephone sb. BackCall on 要求，请求Call up 给（某人）打电话，征召Call

38、 for sb去接某人Call off取消Ask sb to do sth要求（叫）某人做某事Tell sb to do sth 叫某人做某事Task1. Where do you live?其中where为副词，所以不用live in,同样的地点副词还有home,there,here Which room do you live in?which为形容词，live是不及物动词，所以用live in 2.My dream home is at the foot of a hill.（P 17）at the foot of 在脚下There are many trees at the foot

39、of the hill.at the top of 在.顶部 in the middle of 在.中间at the bottom of 在.底部3.There is a football field behind my house and a swimming pool beside it.field田地、田野，in the field在地里on the farm 在农场上A Football field 一个足球场Beside:在.旁边Besides:除.之外4.There is a kitchen and a home cinema on the ground floor.（P 17）A

40、 home cinema一个家庭影院英式英语中，the ground floor指楼房的底层，the first floor指二楼；美式英语中“一楼”用the first floor，“二楼”用the second floor5.There is always more than enough food there.（P 17）more than enough足够多more than=over多于Enough adj.足够的 enough+nAdv.足够地，adj/adv+enoughadj./adv.+enough to do sth.足够能够做某事She is old enough to

41、go to school.6.I would like to invite my friends to watch films with me at the weekend.（P 17）Invite v.邀请 invite sb. to sth. 邀请某人做某事Its nice of them to invite us to the party.He invited me to go with him.他要请我和他一起去。n.invitation邀请She refused his invitation.他拒绝了她的邀请。7.Each room has a new computer.（P 17）

42、each可以作形容词或者代词，意为“每个”强调个体，在句中作定语、主语和同位语；every作形容词，意为“每个”强调整体。Each of us has a room.=We each have a room.Every boy is here.Everyone 强调每个人,后面不接ofEvery one of+ sb/sth 强调人或物的中没一个8.My friends like to come and stay here.（P 17）stay作不及物v，停留、逗留也可以作系动词，表示某种状态的延续，后面接形容词作表语。 n.停留 She will have a short stay in Shanghai.Stay healthy保持健康Dont stay here. It is dangerous.The door stays open for a whole day.含stay的短语stay out 待在外面stay at 停留.stay up 熬夜stay at home 待在家里stay with sb. 和某人待在一起第 13 页 共 13 页学科网（北京）股份有限公司