37+保护环境-2023年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练[38425477].docx

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1、37 保护环境2023年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练背景资料：时政微视频丨青山不墨原创2023-03-31 11:00央视新闻“建设生态文明，功在当代，利在千秋”“众人拾柴火焰高，众人植树树成林”“一年接着一年干，一代接着一代干，撸起袖子加油干”党的十八大以来，习近平总书记每年都会参加首都义务植树活动，身体力行支持中国植树造林，带动广大干部群众像对待生命一样对待生态环境。如今，中国人书写了全球森林资源增长最多和人工造林面积最大的答卷：森林覆盖率由20世纪80年代初的12%提升到现在的24.02%，城市建成区绿化覆盖率由10.1%提高到42.06%。人们更真切地感受到，天更蓝、山更绿、水更清、环

2、境更优美。一、完形填空A篇阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文完整、通顺、正确。将答案序号涂在答题卡上相应的位置。Its March 12th. Li Li and Lin Tao are digging on a hill not far from their school. In China, people across the country plant trees _1_ on this day. The idea of planting trees was first put forward in 1911 by Sun Zhon

3、gshan, the great _2_ in Chinese history. He said more trees were needed as a _3_ against flood and drought(干旱). In 1915, April 5th was named as Tree Planting Day. Then in 1979, the day was _4_ to March 12th to _5_ the date on which Sun Zhongshan died. The Gobi(戈壁) Desert in the north of China was _6

4、_ every year. So in 1978, the government started a tree planting project to _7_ the Gobi spreading. The government and local farmers have been planting millions of trees to build a great green “wall” along the edge of the desert. “Have you heard of the Green Wall of China? Thats the biggest tree pla

5、nting _8_ of all.” says Li Li. “Tree planting has become a tradition in China now.” says Lin Tao, “Almost everyone does it on March 12th. Many people also plant a tree on a _9_ day. My parents planted a tree when I started school. And my cousin planted _10_ on his wedding day. We do it for the envir

6、onment and for ourselves.”1AsilentlyBwiselyCslowlyDactively2AartistBengineerCpioneerDmusician3AquestionBpositionCpopulationDprotection4AtakenBdecidedCchangedDgiven5AvalueBrememberCexpressDadmire6AgrowingBappearingClosingDhappening7AstopBhaveChelpDkeep8AresearchBsurveyCprojectDsuccess9AdifferentBspec

7、ialCbasicDsimple10AoneBthatCitDthis【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我国植树节的由来，“绿色长城”建设以及植树在中国的特殊意义。【答案解析】1句意：在中国，全国各地的人们都在这一天积极植树。silently沉默地；wisely明智地；slowly缓慢地；actively活跃地。根据“Its March 12th. Li Li and Lin Tao are digging on a hill not far from their school. In China, people across the country plant trees.on thi

8、s day.”可知，人们积极植树，故选D。2句意：植树的想法最早是由中国历史上伟大的先驱孙中山在1911年提出的。artist艺术家；engineer工程师；pioneer先驱；musician音乐家。根据“The idea of planting trees was first put forward in 1911 by Sun Zhongshan, the great.in Chinese history.”可知，孙中山是中国的伟大先驱之一，故选C。3句意：他说需要更多的树木来抵御洪水和干旱。question问题；position位置；population流行；protection保护。

9、根据“He said more trees were needed as a.against flood and drought.”可知，需要树木来抵御洪水和干旱，故选D。4句意：1979年，这一天被改为3月12日，以纪念孙中山逝世的日子。taken拿；decided决定；changed改变；given给。根据“In 1915, April 5th was named as Tree Planting Day. Then in 1979, the day was.to March 12th”可知，日期有变化，故选C。5句意：1979年，这一天被改为3月12日，以纪念孙中山逝世的日子。value

10、有价值；remember记得；express表达；admire钦佩。根据“March 12th to.the date on which Sun Zhongshan died”可知，3月12日是纪念孙中山逝世的日子，故选B。6句意：中国北部的戈壁沙漠每年都在扩大。growing增长；appearing出现；losing失去；happening发生。根据“The Gobi Desert in the north of China was.every year.”可知，戈壁沙漠每年都在扩大，故选A。7句意：所以在1978年，政府启动了一个植树项目，以阻止戈壁的扩张。stop停止；have有；hel

11、p帮助；keep保持。根据“the government started a tree planting project to.the Gobi spreading”可知，政府启动了一个植树项目来阻止戈壁的扩张，故选A。8句意：这是最大的植树项目。research研究；survey调查；project项目；success成功。根据“Have you heard of the Green Wall of China? Thats the biggest tree planting.of all.”可知，“绿色长城”是一个植树项目，故选C。9句意：许多人也会在特别的日子种一棵树。different

12、不同的；special特别的；basic基本的；simple简单的。根据“Many people also plant a tree on a.day.”可知，人们会在特殊的日子植树，故选B。10句意：我表弟在他结婚那天种了一棵。one泛指一个，同类异物；that那个；it特指，同类同物；this这个。此处泛指一棵树，故选A。B篇阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The environment is everything around us in the natural world. It is the earth, the air, ri

13、vers, lakes, forests and seas. These are _11_ human beings depend on for a living. All natural waste is _12_. Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by small creatures, like those worms in the soil. This is their _13_. The carbon dioxide that people and animals breathe（呼吸）out is used by plants

14、 to breathe and help them _14_. Plants give out oxygen which people and animals need to breathe in. Plants _15_ water through their roots. They pass it out through their leaves _16_ moisture（水分）. This moisture, together with water vapour coming from rivers and seas, rises and turns into water drople

15、ts and forms clouds. Larger water droplets then fall down in the form of _17_. In this way, the water goes _18_ to the earth, rivers and seas to be used again. However, humans have made a lot of changes to the earth. The technology and industry have made life _19_, but they also produce a lot of new

16、 waste. Nature finds this new waste hard or _20_ to recycle. Man shall deal with this problem before it is too late.11AhowBwhatCwhichDwhere12AavoidedBallowedCreducedDrecycled13AfoodBhobbyCmethodDsupport14AgrowBcontinueCprogressDincrease15Aput awayBgive offCtake upDhold on16AlikeBwithCinDas17AwindBra

17、inCstormDshower18AforwardBaboutCbackDaway19AslowerBeasierCheavierDcheaper20AhelpfulBvaluableCimpossibleDunnecessary【短文大意】本文主要讲述了大自然中产生的废物可以再次利用，但是科技和工业产生的废物很难再次利用，这就需要人类来处理这种污染问题。【答案解析】11句意：这些都是人类赖以生存的东西。how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；where哪里。此空作动词短语depend on的宾语，应填what，故选B。12句意：所有的自然废物都可以回收利用。avoided避免；allow

18、ed允许；reduced减少；recycled回收。根据“Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by small creatures”可知，自然的废物都可以回收利用，故选D。13句意：这是它们的食物。food食物；hobby爱好；method方法；support支持。根据“Animal waste and dead bodies are broken down by small creatures, like those worms in the soil”可知，动物的排泄物和尸体是小生物的食物，故选A。14句意：人类和动物呼出的二氧化碳被植

19、物用来呼吸并帮助它们生长。grow成长；continue继续；progress进步；increase增长。根据“plants to breathe and help them ”可知，植物吸收二氧化碳然后生长，故选A。15句意：植物通过根吸收水分。put away收好，储存；give off 发出；take up占有；hold on继续。根据“water through their roots”可知，通过根部吸收水分，故选A。16句意：它们通过树叶把水分散发出去。like像；with带有；in在里；as作为。根据“They pass it out through their leavesmoi

20、sture”可知，被当成水分从叶子上散发出去，故选D。17句意：较大的水滴以雨的形式落下。wind风；rain雨；storm暴雨；shower淋浴。根据“Larger water droplets then fall down in the form of”可知，较大的水滴形成了雨，故选B。18句意：通过这种方式，水会回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用。forward向前；about关于；back向后；away离开。根据“the water goes to the earth, rivers and seas to be used again”可知，水回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用，故选C。1

21、9句意：科技和工业让生活变得更容易，但它们也产生了很多新的废物。slower更慢的；easier更容易；heavier更重；cheaper更便宜。根据“The technology and industry have made life”可知，科技让生活变得更容易，故选B。20句意：大自然发现这种新的废物很难或不可能回收利用。helpful有帮助的；valuable有价值的；impossible不可能的；unnecessary不必要的。根据“Nature finds this new waste hard”可知，发现很难或不可能再次利用，故选C。二、阅读单选A篇In March, 2020,

22、16 wild Asian elephants began travelling across Yunnan in their own special “tour group”. They travelled more than 500 km and two baby elephants were born along the way. At last, 14 elephants returned home safely in December, 2021. Already famous at home, these elephants also became “international s

23、tars”.Some international media(媒体) followed the elephants tour from their home in Xishuangbanna to other parts of Yunnan. Some people described them as “smart” and “adventurous (冒险的)”. Social media like Twitter and YouTube were full of videos of the elephants. One video about the elephants sleeping

24、together got nearly 300,000 views and 12,000 likes on Twitter.On the elephants tour, people treated them with care. People didnt get close to them, hurt them or drive them away. The world saw Chinas work to protect the wild elephants. And the attention to the wild elephants will encourage more peopl

25、e to get along well with animals.21How many elephants returned home safely?A2.B14.C16.D18.22What do we know about the elephants?AThey are 21 months old.BThey ran away from a zoo.CThey are only famous in China.DThey have travelled over 500 km.23How did some people describe the elephants?AClever.BWeak

26、.CStrange.DFriendly.24What should people do according to the last paragraph?ADrive wild animals away.BGet along well with animals.CWatch videos about wild animals.DPay no attention to wild animals.【短文大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍云南北迁象群得到世界关注，闻名海内外。【答案解析】21细节理解题。根据“At last, 14 elephants returned home safely in Dece

27、mber, 2021.”可知，最终，14头大象在2021年12月安全回家。故选B。22细节理解题。根据“They travelled more than 500 km and two baby elephants were born along the way.”可知，它们走了500多公里，一路上出生了两只小象。故选D。23细节理解题。根据“Some people described them as smart and adventurous (冒险的).”可知，大象聪明且有冒险精神。故选A。24推理判断题。根据“On the elephants tour, people treated th

28、em with care. People didnt get close to them, hurt them or drive them away. The world saw Chinas work to protect the wild elephants. And the attention to the wild elephants will encourage more people to get along well with animals.”可知，在大象的旅行中，人们对它们很关心。人们没有接近它们，伤害它们或赶走它们。世界看到了中国保护野生大象的工作。对野生大象的关注将鼓励更

29、多的人与动物和睦相处。由此可知，人们应该与动物相处融洽。故选B。B篇Lots of kids have been trying to find ways to help save the Earth. Some of them are encouraged by the “30 by 30” plan: Fifty countries have promised to protect 30% of Earths land and waters by 2030.One of the kids is 11-year-old Beckett from Georgetown, Texas. He wa

30、nts to help protect endangered species (物种). In 2019, he began working with Rainforest Trust. “I was really interested in trying to stop climate (气候) change,” he said.With the help of his schoolmates, Beckett has started a group called Protection of Earth. The group organized a local Run and raised

31、more than $700. The money helped to save more than 1,000 acres (英亩) of rainforest land. When the COVID-19 came, Beckett put together an online activity called Trivia: People could test their knowledge of birds, endangered species, and climate change. That raised $600 for rainforest land.In Los Angel

32、es, California, 10-year-old Justin is worried about frogs. Justin calls them “magical, because they come in different colors.” Last year he joined Rainforest Trust to help Ecuadors rainforest and its frogs. He appeared on local TV news, and many people learned about what he had done. That helped him

33、 raise $2,000 to save almost three acres of Cloud Forest.Justin hopes he can encourage other people to understand why frogs are so cool. “Frogs are telling us the planet needs help,” he said. “If frogs are dying wherever you are, thats bad because it means the water you are drinking is polluted.”25H

34、ow many kids are mentioned in the passage?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.26What group did Beckett set up?ARainforest Trust.BProtection of Earth.CMagical Frogs.DEcuadors Cloud Forest.27How did Beckett raise money during the COVID-19?ABy organizing a local Run.BBy speaking on local TV news.CBy starting Trivia

35、 online.DBy working for rainforest land.28The underlined word “him” in Paragraph 4 refers to (指代) _.ABeckettBJustinCBecketts schoolmateDJustins brother29What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?AProtecting frogs means protecting ourselves.BPeople put great interest in climate change.CTwo kids raised money f

36、or COVID-19.DThe water you are drinking is polluted.【短文大意】本文介绍很多儿童想尽办法帮助保护地球。【答案解析】25细节理解题。根据“One of the kids is 11-year-old Beckett from Georgetown, Texas.”和“In Los Angeles, California, 10-year-old Justin is worried about frogs.”可知本文提到了两个孩子。故选B。26细节理解题。根据“With the help of his schoolmates, Beckett h

37、as started a group called Protection of Earth.”可知Beckett建立了一个叫做保护地球的组织。故选B。27细节理解题。根据“When the COVID-19 came, Beckett put together an online activity called Trivia: People could test their knowledge of birds, endangered species, and climate change.”可知新冠疫情期间，Beckett通过一个叫做Trivia的网上活动筹款。故选C。28词义推断题。根据“

38、In Los Angeles, California, 10-year-old Justin is worried about frogs.He appeared on local TV news, and many people learned about what he had done.”可知him指代上一句中的男孩Justin。故选B。29主旨大意题。根据“If frogs are dying wherever you are, thats bad because it means the water you are drinking is polluted.”可知如果没有青蛙，意味着

39、你喝的水被污染了，因此保护青蛙，就是保护我们自己。故选A。C篇Can you imagine a world without insects? Without ants or flies in your house, it might sound great. However, the results may be out of imagination. The number of insects has dropped by half in the past few years, according to a British biologist Dave Coulson. You may t

40、hink small insects are not important. But in fact they are the main part of the species(物种)on Earth. Insects are indeed on the way to extinction, according to the first review of insect population. The researchers say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides(杀虫剂)because they destroy insects

41、 living areas. Also, weather change is another important cause. “Unless we change our ways of producing food, insects will go down the way to extinction in a few years,” the researchers wrote in the review. “This will have huge influences on the planets ecosystem(生态系统).”We need insects to pollinate(

42、授粉)crops. They also break down(分解)dead plants and animals, which can keep the soil healthy. Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat and die of hunger. Then, the ecosystem would be off balance. “If the number of insect species keep dropping, this will have bad influences on both Earth

43、s ecosystem and the survival of us humans,” said one of the writers of the review. “The first step to stop this is to let more people understand the values of the natural world,” he suggests. “The best place to start is from our children, who should realize environmental protection from an early age

44、.”30The underlined word “extinction” means “_”.ApollutionBdeathCharmDprotection31Paragraph 5 is mainly about _.Athe reason for producing foodBthe problem of animals and plantsCthe way to keep soil healthyDthe importance of insects32From the passage, we can know _.Ainsects may destroy the balance of

45、the ecosystemBants and flies are the main part of the species on EarthChumans actions influence the number of insectsDweather change has little influence on insects【短文大意】本文主要讲述了在过去几年里，昆虫数量下降了一半以及昆虫的重要性。【答案解析】30词义猜测题。根据“The researchers say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) becau

46、se they destroy insects living areas. Also, weather change is another important cause.”（研究人员说，造成这种情况的主要原因是使用杀虫剂，因为它们会破坏昆虫的生活区域。此外，天气变化也是另一个重要原因。）可知杀虫剂和天气变化会导致昆虫死亡，所以extinction和death意思相近，故选B。31段落大意题。根据“We need insects to pollinate (授粉) crops. They also break down (分解) dead plants and animals, which c

47、an keep the soil healthy. Without insects, many animals would have nothing to eat and die of hunger. Then, the ecosystem would be off balance.”（我们需要昆虫给庄稼授粉。它们还能分解死去的动植物，从而保持土壤健康。如果没有昆虫，许多动物将没有食物，饿死。然后，生态系统就会失衡。）可知本段说的是昆虫的重要性，故选D。32推理判断题。根据“The researchers say the main reason for this is the use of pesticides (杀虫剂) because they destroy insects living areas”（研究人员说，造成这种情况的主要原因是使用杀虫剂，因为它们会破坏昆虫的生活