英语7下-Unit 3 Welcome to Sunshine Town 课时3 Grammar -【帮课堂】2021-2022学年七年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）.docx

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1、Unit 3 Welcome to Sunshine TownGrammar知识精讲知识点1 名词所有格 教材P35【用法详解】1. s 所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词的所有关系1)- s 所有格：主要用于表达有生命的名词的所有关系。通常情况下，在名词的词尾加-s Roberts bicycle 罗伯特的自行车 my fathers job 我父亲的工作 Childrens Day 儿童节 在以-s结尾的复数名词后只加students books 学生用书 doctors office 医生办公室以and 连接的两个（或两个以上）名词，如共有某物时，只在最后一个名词后加-s，如表示分别拥有时，

2、每个名词后都要加-s. Linda and Marys desk 琳达和玛丽的书桌 （两人共有） Lindas and Marys desks 琳达和玛丽的书桌 （两人各有）2)一些无生命的名词也可以在词尾加-s来构成所有格。表示时间的名词 a seven days holiday 一个七天的假期 todays weather 今天的天气 a two hours meeting 两个小时的会议 five minutes walk 步行五分钟的路程表示国家、城市等地点的名词Londons weather 伦敦的天气 the citys history 城市的历史表示价格、重量、距离的名词ten

3、dollars sugar 十美元的糖 fifty pounds weight 五十磅重five kilometers distance 五千米的距离 fifteen kilos weight 十五千克重2. of 所有格of 所有格由“of + 名词或名词短语”构成，修饰前面的名词，表示无生命的名词的所有格。1) 多数情况下，of所有格后面的名词是无生命名词。the end of the story 故事的结局 a map of the world 一张世界地图2) of 所有格也可以用于有生命的名词，尤其是当该名词有很长的修饰语时。the songs of the famous singe

4、r 那位著名歌星的歌曲 the school life of middle school students 中学生的校园生活3) 有些名词既可以用s所有格，也可以用of所有格，两者可互换。the son of our teacher = our teachers son 我们老师的儿子3. 双重所有格“of +名词的s所有格”或“of + 名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格。1) 表示某人所拥有的多个人或物中的一个或多个。双重所有格中所修饰的名词（即of前面的那个名词）之前通常用a/an, any, some, a few, two, no, several 和数次修饰，一般不能用the修饰。a

5、CD of my fathers 我父亲的一张唱片 any movie of his 他的任何一部电影 some friends of Jims 吉姆的一些朋友 a few friends of theirs 他们的一些朋友2) 表达特殊的感情。 Of 前面的名词被this, that, these, those, the 等限定词修饰时，往往带有爱憎、褒贬的色彩。 That new car of Mr. Whites is nice. 怀特先生的新车很漂亮。Those gifts of yours are in your room. 你的那些礼物在你的房间里。【典例讲解】1.The _ me

6、eting begins at 2 in the afternoon. After that, parents _ two of our lessons.A.parents; listenB.parents; listenC.parents; watchD.parents; look【答案】C【解析】句意：家长会下午两点开始。在那之后，父母观看我们的两堂课。考查名词所有格以及动词辨析。第一空指“家长会”，用名词所有格修饰名词meeting，排除A和D选项。listen听；watch观看。根据“two of our lessons”可知，此处指观看两堂课，故选C。2._ model ships

7、are these?I think they are _.A.Whose; Mike and BensB.Whos; Mikes and BensC.Whos; Mike and BensD.Whose; Mikes and Bens【答案】D【解析】这些是谁的模型船？我认为他们是迈克和本的。考查疑问代词和名词所有格。whose谁的，疑问代词；whos谁是；Mike and Bens迈克和本（共同）的；Mikes and Bens迈克和本（各自拥有）的。第一空通过句意可知，应用“whose”作疑问代词，表示“谁的”，故排除B和C选项；第二空表示某人所有，应用名词所有格形式，主语“they”为复

8、数，所以要表示两个人各自拥有，应用Mikes and Bens。故选D。3.Mr. Green is _ father.A.Jim and KateB.Jim and KatesC.Jims and KateD.Jims and Kates【答案】B【解析】句意：格林先生是吉姆和凯特的父亲。考查名词所有格。Jim and Kate吉姆和凯特；Jim and Kates吉姆和凯特的，指两人共有的；Jims and Kate吉姆的和凯特；Jims and Kates吉姆的和凯特的，指两人各自的，后接名词复数；根据“Mr. Green is”和单数名词“father”，可知格林先生是吉姆和凯特共有的

9、父亲。故选B。4. _ is it from your home to Wuxi East Railway Station, Tom? About _.A.How long; 10 minutes rideB.How long; 10 minutes rideC.How far; 10 minutes rideD.How far; 10 minutes ride【答案】C【解析】句意： 汤姆，从你家到无锡东站有多远？ 大约10分钟的车程。考查特殊疑问词及其回答。How long多长时间；How far多远，询问距离。根据“is it from your home to Wuxi East Ra

10、ilway Station”可知，应该询问的是从你家到无锡东站有多远，因此第一空how far符合句意；再者根据“how far”可知，下句回答的应该跟距离有关，所以“骑车10分钟”符合句意。故选C。5. Why are you buying so much food? An old friend of _ is coming to see her this evening.A.meB.mineC.my motherD.my mothers【答案】D【解析】句意：你为什么买那么多食物？因为今天晚上我妈妈的一位老朋友要来看她。考查所有格。me我，是宾格形式；mine我的（东西），是名词性物主代词

11、；my mother错误形式；my mothers我妈妈的；此处作为介词of的宾语，故用名词所有格形式，由“see her”可知，此处指的是“我妈妈的一位朋友”，故选D。知识点2 物主代词 教材P36【用法详解】物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。类型 词义我的你的他的/她的/它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性物主代词myyourHis/her/itsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyoursHis/hers/itsoursyourstheirs1.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词具有形容词的的特征，在句中作定语，后面接名词。Our school is not far f

12、rom here. 我们的学校离这儿不远。My father and mother are teachers. They like their work. 2.名词性物主代词名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，在句中可以作主语，表语或宾语。 This is not my pen. Mine is red. 这不是我的钢笔。我的是红色的。I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours. 我的词典丢了。请把你的借我用一下。【典例讲解】1.At the time of the rain, I was making _ way to school.A.myse

13、lfB.meC.myD.mine【答案】C【解析】句意：在下雨的时候，我正去往学校。考查代词辨析。myself我自己，反身代词；me我，宾格；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的（东西），名词性物主代词。根据空后“way”可知，空处应用形容词性物主代词修饰“way”。故选C。2.Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in _ hearts.A.weB.usC.oursD.our【答案】D【解析】句意：我们的家乡在我们心中留下了许多柔和而甜蜜的回忆。考查人称代词。we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词；o

14、ur我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“in . hearts.”可知，此处应该用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰hearts。故选D。3.Is this Toms pen?No, it isnt. _ pen is on the desk.A.SheB.HerC.HeD.His【答案】D【解析】句意：这是Tom的钢笔吗？不，它不是。它的钢笔在桌子上。考查形容词性物主代词。She她，主格；Her她的，形容词性物主代词；He他，主格；His他的，形容词性物主代词，根据空后的“pen”可知，空缺处应该是形容词性物主代词，排除A和C，由“Tom”是男孩可知，应该用his，表示“他的钢笔”，排除B，故选D。4.

15、Mrs. Zhang teaches _ Chinese. We like _ classes very much.A.we; hisB.us; herC.us; hisD.our; her【答案】B【解析】句意：张老师教我们语文。我们非常喜欢她的课。考查代词辨析。we我们，代词主格；us我们，代词宾格；his他的；her她的，她；our我们的。第一空是指张老师教我们语文，固定短语teach sb. sth.“教授某人某事”。位于动词后，应用宾格代词us。根据“ We like.classes very much.”可知是指喜欢她的课，又因张老师是女性，用her，故选B。5.Some stud

16、ents have shared their travel experiences. Would you like to share _?A.youB.yourselvesC.yourD.yours【答案】D【解析】句意：一些学生分享了他们的旅行经历。你愿意分享你的吗？考查代词辨析。you你，人称代词主格；yourselves你们自己，反身代词；your你的, 形容词性物主代词；yours你的, 名词性物主代词。根据“Some students have shared their travel experiences.”可知，空处指“你的旅行经历”，空后没有名词，用yours。故选D。能力拓展

17、一单项选择。1._ mother usually cooks for _ at the weekend.A.Lily and Nick; their B.Lilys and Nicks; themC.Lily and Nicks; their D.Lily and Nicks; them【答案】D【解析】句意：莉莉和尼克的妈妈通常在周末为他们做饭。考查名词所有格和代词辨析。第一处修饰名词单数mother，所以是二人共有的，在后一个人称后加s，排除AB。their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them人称代词宾格。第二处在介词后作宾语，用宾格形式。故选D。2.That tennis ball is

18、one of _.A.Jane fatherB.Janes fatherC.Jane fathersD.Janes fathers【答案】D【解析】句意：那个网球是简的父亲的。考查双重所有格。根据“Jane”和“father”之间的关系可知，需要用名词所有格，即Jane father；再根据句意可知，那个网球是父亲的，因此“that tennis ball”和“father”也是所属关系，即fathers。故选D。3.The online shop sells _ clothes at a very good price.A.child and mansB.children and mensC

19、.childrens and menD.childrens and mens【答案】D【解析】句意：这家网店以非常优惠的价格销售童装和男士服装。考查所有格。童装和男士服装：即儿童们的服装和男士们的服装，几个人分别拥有的事物，都要加所有格形式。故选D。4.Its about _ from my office to my house.A.20 minutes walkB.20 minutes walkC.walk of 20 minutesD.20 minutes walks【答案】A【解析】句意：从我的办公室到我家步行大约20分钟。考查名词所有格。英语中表达“几分钟路程”时，使用“基数词+名词复

20、数的所有格+名词”结构，故表示“二十分钟走路的路程”用20 minutes walk。故选A。5_ is it from your home to the city center? About ten _ walk.A.How far, minutesB.How long, minutesC.How long, minutesD.How far, minutes【答案】D【解析】句意：从你家到市中心多远？大约步行十分钟的路程。考查疑问词辨析和名词所有格。how far多远，对距离提问；how long多长，对时间和长度提问。分析第一处，根据“About tenwalk.”可知，此处对距离提问，

21、故用疑问词how far。第二处修饰名词walk，需用名词所有格，有数词ten修饰，所以用复数名词的所有格minutes，故选D。6.Candice, are these _ apples?No, they are not. _ are over there.A.your, MyB.you, MineC.your, MineD.yours, My【答案】C【解析】句意：Candice，这些是你的苹果吗？不，它们不是。我的在那边。考查代词辨析。your你的，形容词性物主代词；you你，主格/宾格；yours你的，名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；mine我的，名词性物主代词。第一处作定

22、语修饰apples，用形容词性物主代词；第二处在句中作主语，用名词性物主代词。故选C。7.The scarf in your hand is colorful. Is it _?Yes, but Ill give it to my sister as _ birthday present. She likes it very much.A.yours；hersB.your；hersC.yours；herD.your；her【答案】C【解析】句意：你手里的围巾五颜六色的。是你的吗？ 是的，但是我会把它作为生日礼物送给我姐姐。她非常喜欢它。考查物主代词。yours你（们）的；your你（们）的；h

23、er她的；hers她的。根据句子结构，第一个空后面没有名词，故应填入名词性物主代词，BD选项可排除。第二个空应填入形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词birthday present。故选C。8. Is this eraser Ginas? No, its not _. _ eraser is in the bag.A.her, HerB.her, HersC.hers, HerD.hers, Hers【答案】C【解析】句意：这是吉娜的橡皮吗？不，它不是她的。她的橡皮在包里。考查代词辨析。her她的，形容词性物主代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。第一空后没有名词，所以使用名词性物主代词hers，相

24、当于“her eraser”；第二空后有名词eraser，所以使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选C。9.This purple jacket is not mine, its _.A.herB.hisC.myD.your【答案】B【解析】句意：这件紫色夹克不是我的，是他的。考查形容词性物主代词。her她的，人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；his他的，形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词；my我的，形容词性物主代词；your你的、你们的，形容词性物主代词；根据题干可知，设空处后面没有名词，因此这里应用名词性物主代词，只有B选项符合题意，故选B。10.Look at the girl. _ is my

25、 good friend and _ birthday is on September 11th.A.He; hisB.He; hesC.She; herD.She; shes【答案】C【解析】句意：看看这个女孩。她是我的好朋友，她的生日是九月十一号。考查代词辨析。根据“Look at the girl.”可知此处是指女孩，排除A、B选项。又根据“.birthday is on September 11th.”可知，此处的birthday“生日”，是名词，前面应用形容词性物主代词her修饰, 表示她的生日。故选C。分层提分题组A 基础过关练一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.Look at the

26、 big boy. Whats _ name? You can call _ Eric. (he)【答案】 his him【解析】句意：看这个大男孩。他的名字是什么？你可以叫他Eric。此空修饰名词name，用形容词性物主代词his，表示“他的”；第二个空call后接人称代词宾格him。故填his；him。2.The ruler is Helens. And the green pencil is _ (her), too.【答案】hers【解析】句意：尺子是海伦的。绿色的铅笔也是她的。her“她的”，是形容词性物主代词；空格后没有名词，需用名词性物主代词；根据句意语境和英文提示，故填hers

27、。3.“Plant VS Zombie 2” is our groups favorite computer game, whats _ (your)?【答案】yours【解析】句意：“植物大战僵尸2”是我们队最喜欢的电脑游戏，你们的是什么？根据句意可知，空格处译为“你们的”，且空后无名词，用名词性物主代词，故填yours。4.Computers may be better than doctors at doing _（they）job.【答案】their【解析】句意：计算机可能比医生更擅长于他们的工作。“they”表示“他们”，是人称代词的主格，名词“job”前用形容词性物主代词，表达“他

28、们的”用“their”。故填their。5.Im sorry that I took your bag instead of _ (I) by mistake.【答案】mine【解析】句意：对不起，我错拿了你的包。此处指“my bag”，其后无名词，用名词性物主代词代替，故填mine。6.The mobile phone is not mine. It may be somebody _ (else).【答案】elses【解析】句意：这个手机不是我的，它可能是别人的。根据“The mobile phone is not mine”可知，这里表示的是“别人的”，所以用somebody else的

29、名词所有格形式somebody elses，故填elses。7.Kates boots are the same as those _ (shopkeeper).【答案】shopkeepers【解析】句意：凯特的靴子和那些店主的一样。根据句意可知此处是指店主的靴子，用名词所有格；根据前面的those可知，用可数名词复数所有格，故填shopkeepers。8.The children used carrots for _ (snowman) noses.【答案】snowmens【解析】句意：孩子们用胡萝卜当雪人的鼻子。名词noses需用名词所有格修饰；根据noses和英文提示，可知所有格用复数形

30、式，故填snowmens。题组B 能力提升练一、完型填空When July comes, children know theyll have _1_ exams(考试) and the school year will be over soon. Boys and girls will have a two-month holiday, and theyll leave school _2_ train or by car to _3_ to see their fathers and mothers.The summer holidays are the _4_ time of the ye

31、ar for most children. The weather is usually good, so one can _5_ most of his time playing outside. If one lives in the country, he can _6_ into the forests and in the fields. If one lives in a big town, he can usually go to a park to play.The best place for a summer holiday is the _7_ Some children

32、 are _8_ enough to live near the sea. But for the others, if they have the chance(机会) to stay at one of the big seaside(海边) towns for a week or two, they will talk about it all the following(接着的) school year.Now, _9_ makes children like the seaside so much? I think it is the sand (沙), the sea and th

33、e sun, not anything else. Of course, there are _10_ new things to see, nice things to eat, and interesting things to do. But the feeling of sand under their feet, of salt water on their skin(皮肤), and the feeling of the warm sun on their backs make them happier.1.A.theyB.themC.theirsD.their2.A.onB.by

34、C.inD.at3.A.go to townB.go to the parksC.leave homeD.go home4.A.bestB.betterC.worstD.worse5.A.takeB.useC.spendD.waste6.A.go outB.go onC.go backD.go away7.A.villageB.beachC.cityD.park8.A.luckyB.sadC.worriedD.quiet9.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what10.A.littleB.muchC.lots ofD.no【答案】1-5 DBDAC 6-10 ABADC【文章大意】短文

35、大意：短文主要介绍了期末考试即将来临，两个月的暑假即将开始，学生可以回家和父母团聚，对大多数孩子来说，暑假是一年最好的时节，可以到森林，公园玩耍，但是最好的去处还是大海边，在那可以享受阳光，海浪和美丽的沙滩。【解析】1.句意：孩子们知道他们要考试了。考查代词辨析。exams考试，名词需用形容词性物主代词修饰；they和them都是人称代词，theirs是名词性物主代词，可排除。their他们的，后接名词；根据句意语境，可知选D。2.句意：他们将乘火车或汽车离开学校回家看望他们的父母。考查介词辨析。“by +交通工具”表示交通方式；by train乘火车，根据句意语境，可知选B。3.句意：他们将

36、乘火车或汽车离开学校回家看望他们的父母。考查动词短语辨析。A. go to town进城；B. go to the parks去公园；C. leave home离开家；D. go home回家。根据上文theyll leave school，可知是为了回家，故选D。4.句意：对大多数孩子来说，暑假是一年中最好的时光。考查最高级辨析。定冠词the修饰最高级，best最好的，worst最坏的；根据句意语境，可知worst不合句意，故选A。5.句意：天气通常很好，所以一个人可以花大部分时间在外面玩。考查动词辨析。spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事，固定结构；根据句意语境，可知选

37、C。6.句意：如果一个人住在乡下，他可以到森林和田野里去。考查动词短语辨析。A. go out出去；B. go on继续；C. go back回去；D. go away消失/走开。根据into the forests and in the fields.，可知BCD三项意思都不合句意，故选A。7.句意：最适合过暑假的地方是海滩。考查名词辨析。village村庄；beach海滩；city城市；park公园。根据下文Some children are lucky enough to live near the sea.，可知选B。8.句意：有些孩子很幸运能住在海边。考查形容词辨析。A. lucky

38、幸运的；B. sad伤心的；C. worried担心的；D. quiet安静的。but表转折，根据下文But for the others, if they have the chance to stay at one of the big seaside towns for a week or two, they will talk about it all the following school year.，可知住在海边的孩子很幸运，故选A。9.句意：那么，是什么让孩子们如此喜欢海边呢?考查疑问词辨析。空白处做主语，that无实义可排除。which哪一个，问物；who谁，问人；what什

39、么，问事情。根据下文I think it is the sand (沙), the sea and the sun, not anything else.，可知what切合句意，故选D。10.句意：当然，有很多新的东西要看，好吃的东西要吃，有趣的事情要做。考查不定代词辨析。A. little少的，后接不可数名词，否定意义；B. much许多的，修饰不可数名词；C. lots of许多的，修饰复数名词或不可数名词；D. no没有，表否定。本句是肯定意义，things是复数名词，根据句意语境，可知选C。题组C 培优拔尖练一、 阅读理解AFor the first time, the Palace

40、Museum opened its doors to the public at night for two days in February, 2019. It gives visitors the chance to see its palaces and temples in beautiful lights. The idea was a hit.The webpage for people to sign for free tickets went wrong because of traffic. The museum gave away 500 tickets for peopl

41、e to, join 2,500 invited guests(特邀嘉宾) on Tuesday, and another 3,000 tickets for Wednesday night.These lucky visitors enjoyed light shows and a Beijing opera show at the Belvedere of Pleasant Sounds, the Palace Museums largest theatre. They could hear the music all over the museum, as there were fewe

42、r people at night than during the day.The opening was part of an effort(努力)to change the image(形象)of the Palace Museum as it has always been conservative(保守的).The more the Palace Museum does, the more influential(有影响力的)it will be, said Shan Jixiang, the museums director.Yang Jie visited the museum w

43、ith her husband on Tuesday night. She said the light show was wonderful.It makes it possible to see a different side of the Palace Museum, she said.1.How many tickets did the museum give away in the two days?A.500B.2,500C.3,000D.3,5002.What could the visitors do during the special opening hours?A.To

44、 see its palaces and temples in beautiful lights.B.To enjoy light shows.C.To enjoy a Beijing opera show in the theatre.D.All the above.3.People could hear the music all over the museum because _.A.there were speakers everywhere.B.there were not many people visiting the museum at night.C.the museum w

45、as too loud for everyone to hear.D.the music was loud enough for everyone to hear.【答案】DDB【文章大意】2019年2月，故宫博物院首次夜间对外开放，这受到了人们的广泛好评，一些幸运的游客还获得了免费的门票，去故宫观看灯光秀和京剧表演。【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“The museum gave away 500 tickets for people to, join 2,500 invited guests(特邀嘉宾) on Tuesday, and another 3,000 tickets for Wednesday night.”可知，故宫博物院在周二赠送了500张门票，周三赠送3,000张，所以一共是3,500张。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据短文第一段“It gives visit