28+请真正把“戒尺”还给老师-+2023年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练[38363023].docx

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1、28 请真正把“戒尺”还给老师2023年中考英语时事热点话题题型专练【影响力】中国妇女再次聚焦泰州中院：法律撑腰，把“戒尺”还给老师2023-03-22 18:42泰州市中级法院近期，中国妇女杂志再次聚焦泰州中院，以法律撑腰，把“戒尺”还给老师为题，报道泰州中院驳回一起状告泰州市某公安分局不履行法定职责的案件，为教师教育惩戒权划出了“标尺”。中小学教育惩戒规则规定，教育惩戒是指学校、教师基于教育目的，对违规违纪学生进行管理、训导或者以规定方式予以矫治，促使学生引以为戒、认识和改正错误的教育行为。法律撑腰 把“戒尺”还给老师关系不错的同班同学为何闹翻，还出手打了人？三好学生照片为何被学校从宣传栏

2、上撤掉？对学校和老师不满，学生家长为何将公安机关告上了法庭？2023年1月，江苏省泰州市中级法院行政庭审理了一起状告当地公安分局不履行法定职责的案件，背后涉及的却是教师的教育惩戒权问题。孩子受惩戒 家长心不甘在班主任的眼里，小杨曾经是乖巧、懂事的孩子。上初一时她被选为班长，上初二时还被评为三好学生。然而，上初三之后，原本成绩不错的小杨却感到学习很吃力，在学校组织的两次模拟考试中成绩下降，自信心也受到了影响。从那时起，小杨开始变得自暴自弃，经常迟到早退，不但违反学校的规章制度，还会莫名地和同学发脾气。一天，在上体育课时，小杨和同学小亚因为站位顺序产生争执，小杨情绪激动，动手打了小亚一个耳光。班主

3、任第一时间将两人叫到办公室，并叫来双方的家长。了解了事情的原委之后，班主任批评了小杨，可小杨却坚持认为自己没错。小亚的母亲张霞希望小杨能向女儿道歉，可小杨却拒绝了，不但如此，小杨的父亲杨力也没有表现出任何歉意。不忍心看着女儿受委屈，张霞一气之下报了警。在公安机关的主持下，双方接受了调解。从这件事之后，小杨就觉得周围的同学都在排挤自己，班主任有时候也针对自己，为此她变得更加叛逆，老师越进行管教，她的反叛情绪就越强烈。没过多久，同学小天在朋友圈发布了几条针对小杨的言论，小杨看到后将朋友圈截图并报警。派出所先组织双方调解，可小杨却坚决不接受对方的道歉。民警考虑到小天是未成年人，认错态度比较好，最终作

4、出不予处罚的决定。曾经的三好学生接连与同学发生摩擦，学校考虑到事情的影响，将小杨三好学生的照片从校园的宣传栏上撤掉了。没有想到的是，这一教育惩戒却引来了更大的矛盾。在杨力看来，女儿乖巧听话，上初三之后课业加重，在学习上遇到困难，班主任不仅没有起到帮助的作用，反而区别对待，对女儿进行批评、惩罚，激化了孩子的逆反心理。他认为，小亚和小天的行为也是受了班主任的教唆，怀疑班主任存在教唆霸凌、精神恐吓等违法行为。为此，杨力多次找学校理论，反映班主任的班级管理方式存在问题。学校收到杨力的投诉之后，多次进行了解释。可是杨力却认为，学校偏袒班主任，又告到教育主管部门。教育主管部门对学校和老师进行了约谈，可杨力

5、对这样的处理仍然不满意。在中考临近时孩子变得叛逆、厌学，杨力不但没有及时帮助孩子调整心态，反而一次次替女儿抱不平，反复到学校、教育部门投诉，影响老师正常的教学活动。最终，小杨中考失利。杨力不仅没有反思自己的态度和教育方式，反而认为这些都是学校和老师的责任。杨力认为，学校滥用教育惩戒权，并报警要求警方处理。当地公安机关在接警之后进行了调查，认为杨力反映的情况并不属实，对其进行了劝导。可杨力又觉得公安机关不作为，于是一纸诉状将公安机关告到了法院。法官耐心释法维护教师惩戒权“法官，请看我提供的这些证据。我女儿原本是班长，可是当她成绩下滑时，班主任李老师就开始对她另眼看待，不仅罚站、罚抄，还撤销了她的

6、班长职务。而且当同学欺负我女儿时，班主任竟然还认为是我女儿的错，请为我女儿主持公道！”杨力在法庭上愤愤不平地说。随着对案件审理的不断深入，承办法官了解到，杨力对学校、老师的不满大多源于一些小事情，比如班主任布置的作业较多；对小杨进行罚抄、罚站；撤销了小杨的班长和大队长职务；将小杨的三好学生宣传照撤掉等。而他将公安机关告上法庭，说到底是他对于学校、老师的教育方式不满，没能正确认识学校教育的本质。在审理这个案子的过程中，法官多次对杨力进行了引导。法官表示，学校教育是有目的、有计划、有组织、系统地引导受教育者接受知识技能、陶冶思想品德、遵守社会规则、发展智力和体力，把受教育者培养成为适应社会现实和发

7、展需要、有道德、有文化、守纪律的社会主义建设者和接班人。管理、训导、惩戒是教育的必备手段和应有之义。作为家长，当然希望老师能够关注到每一位学生的成长，也都期盼老师对自己的孩子做到因材施教。但对于老师而言，面对的是整个班集体全体学生的教育管理，根据设定的教育教学计划实施教育活动才是其本职工作。学校有责任根据实际状况确定教育理念并不断改进和完善，但对于家长与学校在教育理念上存在的不一致，双方都应当秉持包容的态度，相互尊重、和谐沟通、求同存异，即使在教育理念上不能完全达成一致，也应当彼此尊重，不能违反教育主管部门的规定及学校的规章制度。2021年3月，教育部颁布的中小学教育惩戒规则实施，首次明确了教

8、育惩戒的内涵、原则，可实施教育惩戒措施的行为，可采取的教育惩戒措施、程序，并为教师行使教育惩戒权划定了红线，教育惩戒权的行使实现了有法可依。可以说，中小学教育惩戒规则为教师“敢管、愿管、善管”创造了良好的条件。在这个案子中，学校及老师的一系列处理方法，都是基于教育目的，对违规违纪的学生进行管理、训导，促使学生能够引以为戒，及时改正错误，并没有超出教育惩戒的必要限度。法院认为，教育是全社会的责任，教师在教书育人过程中，合理使用教育惩戒权，应当予以支持。2023年1月，泰州市中级法院行政庭驳回了杨力的诉讼请求。在判决书中法官也对家长的诉求予以了回应，希望杨力能够正确对待孩子的教育需求，正视教育理念

9、的差异性，抛弃对学校和教师的成见，与学校和教师充分沟通、共同努力，为小杨营造良好的学习和生活环境，让孩子更好地适应现阶段的学习和生活。教育惩戒要合理 不得超出界限长期以来，严是爱宽是害，是社会普遍认可的一种教育理念。然而近年来，教育惩戒的边界越来越不清晰，有的家长宠溺子女，甚至因为子女被教育惩戒而对教师实施威胁、侮辱、伤害等行为，一些地方的学校及教育主管部门在教师行使教育惩戒权之后，对教师的合法权益保障不到位，导致教师队伍普遍出现了“不敢管、不愿管”的现象。教育惩戒权是教师基于职业而拥有的一种强制性权利，它源于教师的教育权利，是维持教育活动正常秩序，保证教学顺利进行的权利，也是教师的职业权利之

10、一。教育惩戒的方法包括点名批评、责令口头或者书面检讨、增加额外的公益性服务任务、课后训导等，在实施惩戒之后，教师应该及时告知家长。这样做的目的也是为了能够让学校和老师对学生敢管、能管，对于那些调皮捣蛋、甚至做出危害他人行为的学生进行教育。法官提醒说，对于确有必要实施的教育惩戒，无论是学校、家长还是社会都应当理解、支持和配合，促使学生真正认识和改正错误，并用能够引以为戒。尤其是家长，应当通过在家庭教育中的引导配合，真正让孩子认识错误、改正错误，而不是动辄对教师的管理、惩戒行为予以否定、指责、投诉、举报，甚至要求公安机关的介入，这不仅严重背离教育管理和治安管理的初衷，混淆了两者之间的界限，也会对孩

11、子造成错误的引导，甚至引发学生与教师的对立情绪。当然，教师对学生违反管理制度的行为进行惩戒，不得超出界限。中小学教育惩戒规则规定，教师在教育教学管理、实施教育惩戒过程中，不得有下列行为：以击打、刺扎等方式直接造成身体痛苦的体罚；超过正常限度的罚站、反复抄写，强制做不适的动作或者姿势，以及刻意孤立等间接伤害身体、心理的变相体罚；辱骂或者以歧视性、侮辱性的言行侵犯学生人格尊严；因个人或者少数人违规违纪行为而惩罚全体学生；因学业成绩而教育惩戒学生；因个人情绪、好恶实施或者选择性实施教育惩戒；指派学生对其他学生实施教育惩戒等。所以，当合法的、合规的、适当的惩戒变成了体罚、变相体罚或侮辱时，则必须追究相

12、关人的责任。一、阅读理解Dear Mike,I am sorry you are having difficulty with your English class. Every teacher wants his or her students to study hard especially in class. So I think you should have a talk with your English teacher and tell her what you were doing with Tom that day. If she knows your worries, ma

13、ybe she will help you with your English. And she will be pleased to hear you want to learn English well. I believe when students are not trying as hard as they can, a teacher is forced（被迫）to take actions.Yours,Editor1Whats wrong with Mike?AHe meets trouble with his parents.BHe doesnt know how to get

14、 on well with his classmates.CHe has a hard time with his English class.DHe is always speaking in class.2What happened in that English class?AMike couldnt answer the question. So the teacher asked him to stand.BMike had an argument with Tom about the question.CTom asked Mike a question, and the teac

15、her thought they were speaking.DMike felt uncomfortable because he was ill.3In the editors opinion, why did the English teacher punish(惩罚) Mike?ABecause the English teacher didnt think Mike was studying hard in class.BBecause Mike answered the question wrong.CBecause Mike was bad at English.DBecause

16、 Mike had a fight with other students.4What does the underlined phrase“ take actions” mean in Chinese?A采取行动B参加活动C帮助D表演5What can we learn from the letters?AMike wants to have a talk with his English teacher.BMike wants the editor to say something to his English teacher.CThe editor gave Mike some advi

17、ce, but it didnt work.DMike dislikes English classes now, but he wants to learn English well.【答案解析】1细节理解题，根据文中语句“after that， I feel nervous in her class”理解可知。2细节理解题，根据文中语句“Tom asked me a question, and she thought we were speaking.”理解可知。3细节理解题，根据文中语句“I believe when students are not trying as hard as

18、they can, a teacher is forced（被迫）to take actions. ”理解可知。4词义理解题，根据文中语句“I believe when students are not trying as hard as they can, a teacher is forced（被迫）to take actions. ”理解可知。5理解归纳题，根据文中语句理解可知。二、完成句子6如果老师有惩戒权，那么学生犯的错误就会更少。The students will make _ _ if teachers have the punishment power.【答案】fewer mi

19、stakes 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，英语部分缺少的是：更少的错误。make mistakes“犯错误”；fewer更少的，修饰可数名词复数，故填fewer mistakes。7如果你今天逃课，老师将惩罚你。(if)The teacher _ today.【答案】will punish you if you are absent from classes【详解】根据原句意可知考查if（如果）引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；punish“惩罚”；you“你”，作宾语；be absent from classes“逃课”，故填will punish you if you

20、 are absent from classes。8老师没有惩罚那些调皮的男孩儿，而是耐心地对待他们。The teacher treated the naughty boys patiently _.【答案】instead of punishing them【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“没有惩罚那些调皮的男孩们”，instead of而不是，of是介词，后加doing形式；punish惩罚，且前文提到the naughty boys，用them代替，做punish的宾语，故填instead of punishing them。三、完型填空AIn the United States, hea

21、dmasters and teachers discipline (惩戒) students in several 9 . The teacher often writes or calls the students 10 Sometimes students have to stay at school for an extra hour. If a student behaves very 11 ，the headmaster can suspend (暂停学生上课) the student. The student cannot 12 for one, two, or three day

22、s. Mr. Lazares didnt like to suspend students. When he suspended some students, they were 13 “A three-day holiday!” they thought. One day, a boy named Robert was in Mr. Lazaress office. The boy was not behaving well in class. Mr. Lazares telephoned the boys parents. “If you come to school with your

23、son, I wont 14 him,” he said. The boys father came to school and went with his son to every class.Other students 15 the boy and his father. The boy was embarrassed. After that, he behaved 16 He didnt want his father to come to school again. Other students behaved better, 17 They thought, “I dont wan

24、t my parents to come to school!”That year about 60 parents came to school with children who didnt behave well. The next year only 18 parents had to come to school. The students were behaving better.9AAstreetsBroadsCideasDways10AparentsBfriendsCunclesDelder brother11AwellBpoorCpolitelyDbadly12Ahave m

25、ealsBcome to schoolCcome homeDgo to sleep13AhappyBsorryCsadDworried14AbeatBsuspendCkickDlaugh at15Astared at Bwaited forCplayed withDwelcomed16AworseBbetterCmoreDcarefully17AalsoBeitherCtooDneither18Alots ofBmoreCallDa few【答案解析】9此题考查名词，根据语义，“美国老师惩戒学生有很多方式”，in several ways10此题考查名词，老师通过写信和电话通知他们的父母，故选

26、A11此题考查副词，表现不好就要被停课，因此选badly修饰动词behave12此题考查动词短语，学生一两周不能来学校上学，come to school13此题考查形容词，根据文义可知有些学生由于被停课觉得很高兴，因为可以放三天假14此题考查动词，老师让家长和孩子一起来学校，否则就会受到惩戒，故选B15此题考查固定短语，盯着某人看某事stared at16此题考查比较级，根据对语句的理解，那位学生由于受到惩戒，让他的爸爸很没面子，自己也很尴尬，于是以后表现好多了17此题考查副词，too 也用于肯定句的句末18此题考查代词辨析，all全部，lots of很多，根据题意都不合题意，a few 几个

27、，少数，故选D点评：文中讲述了美国的一种教育方式，如果学生在学校表现不好就要受到惩戒，可是有些学生反倒觉得惩戒成了一种假期，为此老师便让学生家长一同来学校，这让学生和家长都很尴尬，为了家长的脸面，于是学生表现好多了，在阅读时，应该照顾上下文，进行合理的推断BMike didnt do his English homework. The teacher asked him 19 “Im sorry, I 20 ” “But why did you forget?” “It didnt seem 21 or important,” said Mike. “Are you going to puni

28、sh (惩罚)me?” asked Mike. “ 22 The punishment is for me. I didnt teach you well,” said the teacher.“Thank you,” said Mike. “You are the best 23 in the world. I can never know as much as you , but you taught me a lot.” “How can I be a good teacher if the students do not know more than me? I will not su

29、cceed until that happens,” 24 the teacher.Mikes 25 teacher was a strict（严厉的） man. Every day Mike played the same piece of music,and the teacher said it was not good and he must practise 26 After two years of hard work, Mike left and felt sad 27 when he played it in public, everyone said it was perfe

30、ct, and he found he could play other pieces of music easily.What do you think of these two 28 ?19AhowBwhatCwhyDwhen20AforgotBforgetsCforgetDwas forgetting21AinterestBto interestCinterestedDinteresting22AYesBNoCOf courseDOK23AstudentBdoctorCscientistDteacher24AaskedBsaidCcriedDlaughed25AMathsBmusicCC

31、hineseDPE26AmoreBa littleCmanyDa lot of27AAndBSoCOrDBut28AstudentsBdoctorsCteachersDartistst【答案解析】19本句的含义为老师问汤姆不做家庭作业的原因，why表示原因，故本题选C。20汤姆回答不做作业的原因是我忘记了，表示过去使用忘记的过去式forgot，故本题选A。21本句的含义这个原因听起来不是那么的有趣和重要，interesting表示有趣的含义，故本题选D。22本句的含义为老师不会对汤姆进行惩罚，故用否定回答no，故本题选B。23本句的含义为汤姆说你是最好的老师，故使用best teacher表示

32、最好老师的含义，故本题选D。24上句话是老师所说的话可用say来表示说，过去时用said，故本题选B。25根据后句可知迈克的音乐老师是一个严格的老师，music表示音乐的含义，故本题选B。26本句的含义为迈克弹同样的曲子弹得不好，老师要求他练习的更多，more表示更多的含义，可以修饰动词，故本题选A。27本句的含义为迈克谈乐器感到很难受，但在公众场合大家说他弹得很完美，表示转折的含义用连词but，故本题选D。28本句的含义为你如何看待这两位老师，teachers表示为老师的复数形式，故本题选C。C“Who did this?” asked my teacher. Thirty children

33、 tried to think about not only what they had done, but also what our teacher 29 have found out.“Who did this?” she asked 30 She never became 31 , but she was this time. She help up a piece of broken glass and asked, “Who broke the window?”“Oh, no,” I thought. I was the one who broke the window. I di

34、d not do it on purpose (故意地). It was caused by a 32 throw （投，掷）of a baseball. But 33 did it have to be me?If I admitted （承认）it, I would 34 into a lot of trouble. How would I be able to 35 a big window like that? I didnt want to raise my hand. 36 , something much stronger than me pulled me up. “I did

35、 it.” Then I kept quiet. 37 was hard enough to say what I felt.My teacher went to the 38 and took down a book. She then began walking to my desk. I 39 she was going to punish （惩罚）me.“I know 40 you like birds,” she said as she stood looking down 41 my face. “Here is a book about birds. It is 42 now.

36、You will not be punished. But remember, its only for your honesty.”I couldnt believe it! I wasnt punished and I was getting a book. I had been saving up all my money to buy 43 29AcanBmightCmustntDcant30AagainBforCaboutDangry31AhappyBworriedCangryDanxious32AgoodBbadCwonderfulDsoft33AwhichBwhatCwhoDwh

37、y34AhaveBgetCbecomeDcause35ApayBcostCaffordDspend36AButBAndCHoweverDThough37AThatBICItDShe38AbookshelfBdeskCblackboardDclass39AhopedBtoldCescapedDfeared40AhowBwhatCbecauseDabout41AintoBafterCatDupon42AOKByourCyoursDgood43AitBthatCthisDone【短文大意】这篇短文中的作者失手打碎了教室的玻璃，一开始不想承认。最后承认了错误，不但没有收到惩罚，反而因此受到了老师的奖励

38、。从而告诉我们诚实人才是聪明人。【答案解析】29考查语境理解及情态动词。Can能，可能，表示肯定的判断；might 可能，表示推测语气；mustnt禁止，一定不；cant不能。结合语境可知此处指的是，我们的老师可能发现的什么事情。故选B。30考查语境理解及词义辨析。Again又，再；for为了，对于；about关于，大约；angry 愤怒的。结合语境可知此处指的是，老师又问。故选A。31考查语境理解及形容词。Happy高兴的；worried担心的；angry愤怒的，生气的；anxious 焦急的。结合语境可知此处指的是，老师从来没有发过怒。故选C。32考查语境理解及形容词。Good好的，不错的

39、；bad坏的，糟糕的；wonderful极好的；soft柔软的；结合语境可知此处指的是，一次糟糕的投球。故选B。33考查语境理解及疑问词。Which哪一个；what什么；who谁；why 为什么。结合语境可知此处指的是，为什么会是我？故选D。34考查语境理解及动词。Have拥有；get得到，获得；become成为，变得；cause引起。结合语境可知此处指的是，我会陷入麻烦之中。故选B。35考查语境理解及动词。pay的基本用法是：(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买。 (2)pay for sth. 付的钱。 (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。(4)

40、pay sb. 付钱给某人；spend用于sb spend.on sth或者sb spend.in doing sth（in可以省略），spend的主语必须是人，可以指花费时间、也可以指花费金钱；cost用于 sth costs sb sth，主语必须是物，多指花费金钱，少数情况可指花费时间、气力，有时表示成本的消耗； afford 负担，买得起。结合语境可知此处指的是，我如何负担的起那么大的一扇窗户。故选C。36考查语境理解及连词。But但是，可是；And和，并且；However然而，可是；Though虽然，尽管。联系上下文，可知前后是转折关系，but后面一般不加标点符号，故选C，一些比我更

41、强大的东西让我举起手来。37考查语境理解及代词。That那，那个；I我；It它； She 她。结合语境可知此处代词指代的是下文的不定式内容，故选C，很难说出我的感觉。38考查语境理解及名词。Bookshelf书架；desk课桌，桌子；blackboard黑板；class班。结合语境可知此处指的是，我的老师走向书架，拿了一本书。故选A。39考查语境理解及动词。Hoped希望；told告诉，讲述； escaped逃跑，逃脱； feared害怕。结合语境可知此处指的是，我害怕她来惩罚我。故选D。40考查语境理解及词义辨析。How多么，如何，怎样；what什么；because因为；about关于，大约

42、；结合语境可知老师说的是，我知道你是多么喜欢鸟。故选A。41考查语境理解及介词。Into到里，深入之中；after在之后；at在一点；upon 接近，在之上。结合语境可知此处指的是，她向下看着我的脸。故选D。42考查语境理解及词义辨析。OK好的，不错的；your形容词性物主代词，你的，你们的；yours名词性物主代词，你的，你们的；good 好的，不错的。联系后一句描述，可知此处指的是，现在它是你的了。结合语境可知本句是名词性物主代词做主语，故选C。43考查语境理解及代词。it 是人称代词 代替物，动物，门外的人，也可作形式主语和宾语等；one泛指任何一个同名，不同物的人或者物。既可代替事物,

43、 也可代替人；that是指示代词 指远处的事物，电话中的对方，为避免重复代替前面的可数名词单数和不可数名词。This指代的是距离说话人较近的人或者事物。结合语境可知此处泛指的是任何一本同名不同物的书。故选D。四、阅读还原5选5 Every school has some rules for students to follow. But what happens when students break the rules? In the UK, when students dont behave well at school, they will be given a warning. But

44、 if they go on behaving badlylike talking over the teachertheyll be punished (惩罚). 49 Generally speaking, there are five punishments in UK schools: detention (课后留校), isolation (隔离) education unit (IEU), supervision (监管), suspension (停学) and exclusion (开除). If you receive a detention, youll find your

45、self sitting in a room with your teacher during break, lunch or even worse, after school. 50 Depending on how naughty youve been, you can get two detentions in one day! If you get an IEU, youre isolated from other students. 51Supervision means that you cannot take part in PE lessons. 52 In this way,

46、 all the teachers can always see you. It can make you really uncomfortable and without freedom.Suspension means you cannot go to school for some time. The most serious punishment you can ever receive is exclusion. You cant go to the school any more. 53 Obviously, there is no total freedom in the world, no matter in the US or in China. Punishments may be a good way to discipline students somehow. If you dont want to get punished, do behave well!AAnd