英语7下-Unit 8知识点语法写作背默(默写版).docx
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1、Unit 8知识点,语法,写作背默语法精讲形容词1.形容词作定语。形容词作定语时,一般放在被修饰的名词前。例如:She is a good girl.她是一个好女孩儿。2.形容词作表语。形容词作表语时,与连系动词构成系表结构。例如:The meal is delicious.这顿饭很美味。3.形容词作宾语补足语。形容词作宾语补足语时,用来说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。例如:I found the book interesting.我发现这本书有趣。注意:多个形容词修饰名词时,有一定的顺序:限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词) 描绘词(大小、长短、形状、长幼、新旧、颜色、国籍、材料)
2、名词。例如:a famous American medical college一所著名的美国医学院a beautiful tall building 一座漂亮而高大的建筑物不定代词1.不定代词的构成。不定代词是由some-,any-,no-,every-加上-one,-body,-thing等构成。不定代词没有主格和宾格之分,在句中可作主语、宾语和表语,everything,everybody,everyone可用于各种句式;something,somebody,someone常用于肯定句中; anything,anybody,anyone常用于疑问句或否定句中; no one,nobody,
3、nothing表示否定意义。2.不定代词的指代对象。(1)含-body和-one的不定代词用来指人,二者可互换。例如:Someone/Somebody is crying in the next room.隔壁房间有人在哭。(2)含-thing 的不定代词用来指事物。例如:Are you going to buy anything?你打算去买东西吗?3.不定代词的定语。不定代词的定语必须后置,即放到不定代词的后面。例如:There is somebody strange in the street.街上有个奇怪的人。4.不定代词的数。不定代词通常用作单数。作主语时,其后的谓语动词用单数形式。例
4、如:Nothing is important.没什么事是重要的。I hope everything goes well.我希望一切顺利。注意:若是希望对方作出肯定回答的一般疑问句,不用anything或anybody,要用something或somebody。例如:Could you tell me something about the accident?你可以告诉我一些有关这个事故的情况吗?语法精练.根据句意用画线单词的反义词填空1.These are old pictures.Amy is wearing a T-shirt.2.Sandy wears a pair of long re
5、d boots and a skirt.3.There are a lot of interesting storybooks in the library.This story is very .4.This box is very .That box is .5.The pen is .Do you have a one?.用方框中所给的不定代词填空something,anything,nothing,everything1.Is there special in todays newspaper?2.As I know,he knows about this town,so you do
6、nt have to ask him.3.There is wrong with my watch.It doesnt work.4. is ready now.Lets start.知识点精讲1. Bring me something to eat.给我拿些吃的东西来。解析:something to eat意为“吃的东西”,something 为不定代词,to eat为动词不定式,修饰something。如: Can I have something to eat, please?请问我能要些吃的东西吗?拓展:英语中动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后。如: I have something t
7、o tell you. 我有些事要告诉你。2. How rude you are! 你太粗鲁了!解析:rude,形容词,意为“粗鲁的,不礼貌的”,作定语或表语。反义词为polite(有 礼貌的)。如: He is a rude man and we dont like him.他是一个粗鲁的人,我们不喜欢他。拓展:rudeness,名词,意为“粗鲁,无礼”。3. goldfish 金鱼解析:goldfish,名词,意为“金鱼”,复数为goldfish,但表示各种各样的金鱼时,要用goldfishes.如: There are many goldfish in the pool.水池里有许多金鱼
8、。拓展:类似goldfish单复数相同的可数名词:fish fish鱼 sheep sheep绵羊deer deer鹿 Chinese Chinese中国人Japanese Japanese日本人4. .I like watching them swim around.我喜欢看着它们游来游去。(1) 解析:watch sh. do sth. 为动词短语,意为“观看某人做某事”,表示所做的事情已经完成或经常发生(强调经常性)。如: I dont like watching her dance.我不喜欢看她跳舞。辨析:watch sb. do sth. 与 watch sb. doing sth.
9、短语含义用法watch sb. do sth.观看某人做了某事强调看列动作发生的全过程或动作经常发生watch sb. doing sth.观看某人正在做某事强调看到动作正在进行如: I watched him enter that shop.我看见他进了那家商店。 The PE teacher is watching the students running.体育老师正在看着学生们跑步。提醒:英语中类似的结构有: heat/see/find sb. do sth. 听见/看见/发现某人做某事(已做/常做); hear/see/find sb. doing sth. 听见/看见/发现某人正在做
10、某事。(2) 解析:swim around意为“游来游去”,相当于swim here and there.如: The fish swim around in the lake.= The fish swim here and there in the lake.这些鱼在湖里游来游去。联想:常用短语:look around环顾四周;walk around四处走动;look around for四处寻找。5. .its very small and soft and I can hold it in my hand.它非常小且柔软,我可以把它握在手里。解析:hold,动词,意为“握住,拿”,过去
11、式为held,后面直接跟宾语。如: She is holding a torch in her hand. 她手里握着一个火炬。6. .I can feed her carrots and I like her long ears.我可以喂她胡萝卜,而且我喜欢她的长耳朵。解析:feed,动词,意为“喂,喂养”,过去式为fed.拓展:含feed的短语feed on 以.为食feed oneself 自己吃feed sth. to sb. 用某物喂某人feed sb sth 喂某人某物feed sb. on/with sth. 用某物喂某人如: Could you please feed my c
12、at for me?请你帮我喂猫好吗? Horses feed on grass.马以草为食。 The child is old enough to feed himself.这个孩子足够大了,能自己吃饭了。 We feed wheat to the cattle.= We feed the cattle wheat. 我们用小麦喂牛。7. .he can sing, and 1 want to teach him to speak. .他会唱歌,而且我想教他说话.解析:teach,动词,意为“教”,后面直接跟宾语,名词形式为teacher(老师)。如: -Who teaches you Ma
13、ths? 谁教你们数学?- Mr Green. 格林老师。拓展:含teach的短语teach sb. sth. 教某人某事teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事teach oneself = learn by oneself 自学如: Miss Chen teaches me Chinese.陈老师教我语文。 Can you teach me to dance?你能教我跳舞吗? He taught himself how to use this camera.他自学了怎样使用这台照相机。提醒:teach后接双宾语时,指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语,所以sb.若是代词,要用人
14、称代词的宾格。8. My dog is the cleverest animal of all.我的狗是最聪明的动物,解析:of all意为“在所有当中”,最高级的范围由of,in,among等构成的介词短语引出。形容词最高级是用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较,其句型结构为“主语+谓语+ the +形容词的最高级+范围(三者或三者以上)”,形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the。如: This building is the newest of the five.这幢楼是五幢楼中最新的。9. With eyes open wide, he hunts when I hide.当我躲起来,他就把眼
15、睛睁得大大的,到处找我。(1) 解析:hunt (for)意为“寻找”,相当于look for。但hunt (for)含“竭力寻找”的意思,其对象为某个迫切需要的事物;而look for 强调寻找的过程。如: They hunted everywhere for the missing watch.他们到处寻找那块丢失的手表。 What are you hunting for?你在寻找什么呢?拓展:hunt还可作名词,意为“打猎”。如: I took part in the hunt.我参加了打猎。(2) 解析:hide,动词,意为“藏,隐藏”。如: There was nowhere to
16、hide. 无处可藏。10. Builds me camps out of sticks.用树枝为我搭建营地。解析:build,动词,意为“建造,建筑,其过去式为built,后面直接跟宾语或双宾语。拓展:含build的短语build sth. 建造某物build sb sth. = build sth. for sb. 为某人建造某物build. out of. 用.建造.如: He built a school for the blind.他创办了一所盲人学校。 He built me a model ship out of wood.他用木料为我做了一个轮船模型。11. Hed never
17、 bark or bite, and he doesnt like to fight.他从不乱叫,也不咬人,而且不喜欢争斗。解析:fight,动词,意为“打仗(架)”,常与介词with,against,for等连用,其过去式是fought.如: Stop fighting, boys!别打了,小伙子们! He always fights with his neighbours about the noise.他总是为了噪音的事和邻居们打架。拓展: fight 用作及物动词,意为“与.打仗(架)”。如: Tom fought the tall boy just now.刚才汤姆和那个高个子男孩打
18、架了。 fight用作名词,意为“战斗;打架”。如: The police stopped the fight outside the school.警察阻止了校外的斗殴事件。12. My dog is my best friend, and Ill look after him till the end.我的狗是我最好的朋友,我会照顾他一直到最后。(1) 解析:till,介词,意为“到.时,直到.为止”如: Well stay here till/ until next month.我们要在这儿”直逗留到下个月。注意: till作介词时,其后接名词(短语);作连词时,其后接句子。如: I w
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