2023年临汾市古县考研《英语一》点睛提分卷含解析.docx

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1、2023年临汾市古县考研英语一点睛提分卷Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)It happened to Susan Black in a cold winter.Everything seemed in a 1 those days. Both her parents suffering from depr

2、ession,sending for a 2 became a common practice.As a woman in her 40s,it was a 3 job to be a teacher of 30 first-graders,who were always 4 ,and shed tried all sorts of methods,but 5 to get them quiet in class.Misfortunes were 6 one after another. After a long and tiring day at work, Susan dragged he

3、rself along, 7 towards the parking lot.She came to the car,only to find she had locked her keys and cell phone inside. 8 kicking the tyre of the car,she sensed tears9 her cheeks.“Whats wrong? a voice was heard.Susan looked up,and saw a young man with a 10 at his side. Susan stopped weeping and expla

4、ined her situation,adding that 11 he called her husband,he wouldnt bring her the spare car key,since he was working at the 12 end of the town and it was still not time to 13 the days work. Call your 14 and tell him Im coming to get the key,“ the young man handed Susan his phone. But thats nine miles

5、 round trip.” said Susan. “Theres no time for 15. Ill be back as soon as possible.Two hours later, the motor rider returned with a big smile and 16 face.key in hand.Susan17 some money,buthe refused. Lefs just say I needed the 18with those words, like a 19 in the movies, he rode off into the sunset.F

6、or Susan, the“cowboy“ not only picked the key, but 20 her day,or rather, warmed the long and cold winter days.1、 A. battle B. row C. mess D. hurry2、 A. worker B. psychologist C. policeman D. lawyer3、 A. tough B. rare C. boring D. rewarding4、 A. kind B. quick C. happy D. noisy5、 A. at heart B. in vai

7、n C. on purpose D. with ease6、 A. coming true B. piling up C. going well D. running out7、 A. looking B. marching C. yelling D. heading8、A. Mildly B. Randomly C. Suddenly D. Wildly9、 A. streaming down B. flowing past C. showing up D. casting away10、 A. bicycle B. car C. motorbike D. taxi11、 A. even i

8、f B. unless C. just as D. whenever12、 A. wide B. deep C. far D. long13 A. end B. forget C. give up D. put off11. A12. C13. A14. D15. B16. B17. C18. A19. D20. CSection II Reading Comprehension2、1. D2. B3. A4. D3、1. D2. A3. B4. B4、1. D2. A3. C4. C5、1. D2. A3. B4. C6、1. the2. . northern3. its4. previou

9、sly5. including6. was completed7. broke8. safety9. on10. symbols7、 1. because2. to move3. But4. invention5. brilliantly6. a7. By8. be cut9. which10. putSection III Translation8、1. G2. A3. E4. D5. F9、1. G2. B3. A4. C5. D14、A. friend15、 A. waitingB. family C. daughter D. husbandB. hesitation C. travel

10、ing D. delivery 16、 A. charming B. sweating C. worrying D. encouraging17、A. receivedB. shared C. offered D. loaded 18、A. exercise B. help C. reward D. lesson19 A. young B. stranger C. motor rider D. cowboy20 A. kept B. burnt C. fixed D. builtSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the

11、following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. （40 points）Text 1A freshly baked roll is as delightful as a soft, light cloud on a summers day.What gives bread much of its appealingtexture is gluten, a group of proteins foun

12、d in wheat.But in people with celiac disease（乳糜泻），gluten damages the small intestine（肠）.Many others may have milder gluten intolerance and avoid foods that contain it.Most gluten-free bread is made from alternative flours such as rice or potato, so it tastes and feels different from wheat bread.Now,

13、 however, researchers say that they have found a way to genetically engineer wheat that contains far less of the most troublesome type of glutenbut still has other proteins that give bread its characteristic taste and springiness.Genetically modified crops are the subject of fierce debate around the

14、 world.The biggest concern involves the practice of inserting DNA from one species into another, says Francisco Barro, a plant biotechnologist.To avoid this genetic crossover, Barro and his colleagues used the gene-editing technique CRISPR / Cas9 to cut selected genes from a wheat genome（基因组）.Their

15、study zeroed in on alpha-gliadins（a-胶质蛋白），gluten proteins believed to be wheats major troublemakers in the immune system.The researchers designed bits of genetic material that directed the scissor-like Cas9 protein to cut out 35 of the 45 alphagliadin genes.When the modified wheat was tested in a Pe

16、tri dish, it produced an 85 percent weaker immune response, the team reported online last September in Plant Biotechnology Journal.Wendy Harwood, a crop geneticist at the John Innes Center in England, who was not part of the study, notes that the engineered wheat has a long way to go before it can b

17、e turned into anything marketable.”dont think its the end of the story.she says.This is just a really important step in maybe producing something that is going to be incredibly useful.9,To develop a completely safe strain of wheat for celiac patients, the researchers may need to target more of the g

18、luten genes.Barro says his team is working on that.1 Whats the text mainly about?A. Making gluten-free bread.B. Advantages of gluten-free wheat.C. Debate about genetically modified crops.D. Developing genetically engineered wheat.2、Why is bread mentioned in paragraph 1?A. To advertise a new study.B

19、To raise the topic to be written about.C. To provide some advice for the readers.D. To popularize some information about medicine.3、What concerns people most according to paragraph 3?A. Genetic crossover. B. Gene-editing technique.C. The practice of using DNA. D. The subject of fierce debate.4、Whafs

20、 Wendy Harwoods attitude towards engineered wheat?A . A little alarmed. B. Mildly surprised.C. Somewhat opposed. D. Cautiously optimistic.Text 2Growing up can sometimes seem like a roller coaster. There are ups and downs and unexpected turns. Abuse or neglect by adult can make the ride even rougher.

21、 But being bullied（欺凌）by another child can leave especially lasting scars. Thats the finding of a new study.Bullied kids face a high risk of mental health problems as teens and as young adults. Indeed bullied kids might be worse off than those who had suffered physical abuse or neglect, the study fo

22、und.Dieter Wolke works at the University of Warwick in England. Until recently, most studies of child victims focused not on bullying but on maltreatment, this psychologist says. Maltreatment includes physical or emotional abuse, neglect or other behaviors that can harm a child.Wolke*s team wanted t

23、o better understand how bullyings long-term effects compare to those due to maltreatment. They focused on 4,026 children in the United Kingdom and 1,420 more in the United States. Information about bullying and maltreatment was collected for American children to age 13.They collected the same inform

24、ation for British youth up to age 16. The researchers also gathered data on each individuals mental health as a young adult.Among the Americans, 36 percent of bullied kids had mental problems later. Those problems included anxiety, which is a state of excessive worry. They also included depression.

25、That is a feeling of hopelessness that can last a long time. Among kids who had been maltreated by adults, 17 percent later suffered mental health problems. That was less than half the rate seen in people who had been bullied as school kids.In the U. K. group, the difference was less spectacular. Ro

26、ughly 25 percent of the bullied kids reported mental health problems later, compared with about 17 percent who had been maltreated.But however you look at it, the finding are disturbing, Wolke says. They show that bullied children have similar or worse mental health problems later in life. And thats

27、 why he says schools, health services and other agencies must work together to end bullying.1、According to the passage, which of the statements is TRUE?A. Kids treated cruelly recover soon after they grow up.B. All bullied kids have mental health problems.C. Most kids with maltreatment experience te

28、nd to become violent adults.D. Most studies didnt pay much attention to bullying until recently.2、How does the author support the theme of the text?A. By providing research results.B. By stating arguments.C. By explaining statistical data.D. By giving examples.3、The underlined word “spectacular in p

29、aragraph 6 could be best replaced by.A. slight B. dramaticC. specific D. similar4、According to the text, what does Wolke suggest doing?A. Taking good care of children.B. Joining hands to stop bullying.C. Keeping psychologically healthy.D. Comparing different types of abuse.Text 3Lucy, whose skeleton

30、 （骨骼）was discovered in Ethiopia in 1974, died shortly after she fell out of a tree, according to a new study published Monday in the British journal Nature.For their research, Kappelman and Dr. Richard Ketcham used a CT scanner to create more than 35, 000 ”slices of Lucys skeleton. Scientists named

31、her Lucy from the Beatles song nLucy in the Sky with Diamonds, which was played at the camp the night of her discovery.The following analysis of the slices showed sharp, clean breaks seen at the end of Lucy*s right humerus （肱骨）are similar to bone breaks seen in victims of falls.The researchers concl

32、uded that these and other breaks in her skeleton show that Lucy, who is believed to have stood about 3 feet 6 inches and weighed about 60 pounds, fell feet first and used her arms to support herself - but that the injury was too severe to have been survivable.The researchers estimate that Lucy was g

33、oing about 35 miles an hour when she hit the ground after falling from a height of roughly 40 feet, according to the statement.That sounds plausible. But other scientists are doubtful. There are countless explanations for bone breaks, Dr, Donald C, Johanson, director of the Institute of Human Origin

34、s and one of the scientists who discovered Lucy, said, “The suggestion that she fell out of a tree is largely a just - so story and therefore unprovable. Johanson said it was more likely that Lucys breaks occurred long after she died, saying that elephant bones appear to have the same kind of breaks

35、, Its unlikely they fell out of a tree.But the new research focused on na small number of breaks11 that are consistent with high - energy bone - to - bone influences* and which differ from the sorts of breaks commonly seen in other collected bones. Kappelman responded in an email, “These appear to h

36、ave occurred at or near the time of death.”1、What can we infer about Lucy from Kappelman and Dr. Richard Ketchams research ?A. She got her name from a song.B. She had more than 35, 000 slices.C - She couldnt use her arms properly.D. She made an effort to save herself.2、What does the underlined word

37、plausible* in Paragraph 6 probably mean?A. Reasonable.B. Creative.C. Surprising.D. Unbelievable.3、Which of the following would Johanson probably agree ?A. Elephants are unlikely to die from falling.B. Lucy got breaks at or near the time of death.C. Other reasons for the breaks should be considered.D

38、. Lucy*s bone breaks differ from other bone breaks.4、What conclusion can we draw from the passage?A. Lucy didnt die from falling out of a tree.B. The newly published study was meaningless.C. The argument on how Lucy died will continue.D. Scientists will find another way to solve the problem.Text 4Vi

39、tamin D is essential for bone-building,cognitive function joint health,immune function,blood sugar control, positive mood and more.lt can help prevent many diseases.Some studies suggest that the lower your vitamin D level is,the higher your risk of death from any cause will be.However,its not a grea

40、t idea to just grab a supplement （补充物）off the drugstore shelf and start taking it.Since many of us are deficient in vitamin D,also known as the nsunshine vitamin”,doctors will often give us a prescription （处方）for high levels of vitamin D supplements,with doses ranging from 2,000 to 10,000 IU （Intern

41、ational Units） per day,up to 50,000 IU per week,and sometimes even more.But like all good things,its possible to get too much of it.Very big doses of vitamin D can cause a build-up of calcium in the blood,which leads to nausea,vomiting,poor appetite,weakness,and weight loss,nsays Madeline Basler of

42、Real You Nutrition.Heres the bigger issue: any extra intake of,vitamin D can get stored in the body.n A build-up of stored vitamin D can cause avoidable problems,nsays Marra Francis,Medical Director at Everly Well,leading to problems such as kidney stones.1The average daily recommended amounts vary

43、based on your age.The National Institutes of Health set the Recommended Dietary Allowance for vitamin D at 600 IU daily for infant,children,and adults up to 70 years old. Adults aged 71 and older need 800 IU,since the ability to absorb vitamin D drops with age.People who are obese may also need more

44、 vitamin D because the fat cells take it up,making it less available for use by the body.In winter when youre getting less sun exposure,some experts say its safe to take daily doses of around 1,000 to 2,000 IU without any risk of complications （并发症）.Though youll get a bit of vitamin D from foodsincl

45、uding fatty fish beef liver,cheese,egg yolks and mushrooms,plus fortified foods like milk,orange juice,and cerealthe amounts are so small that there*s little need to worry that theyll put you over the daily does.1、What can we infer from Paragraph 1 ?A. We can actually reduce the risk of death.B. Peo

46、ple dont really know vitamin D well.C. Vitamin D supplements are necessary for everyone.D. Vitamin D should be supplemented carefully despite its importance.2、The underlined part are deficient inn in Paragraph 2 probably means “ A. having an inadequate amount of B. paying much attention to C. being

47、interested in D. being concerned about3、How much vitamin D should a healthy 60-year-old lady take daily in summer? A. About 800 IU. B. About 600 IU.C. No less than 1,000 IU. D. No less than 5,000 IU.4、What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. What other ways people can take to get vitamin D.

48、B. What foods we should eat every day to balance our diets.C. Whether daily foods would overdose people with vitaminD. D. Whether vitamin D can be supplemented by the foods we eat.Part BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A -G for each numbered paragraph (41 - 45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHE