北京市石景山区2021-2022学年八年级上学期期末英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2021-2022学年北京市石景山区八年级（上）期末英语试卷一、单项填空从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。1. Many people think that doing sports can help keep fit.A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：许多人认为做运动可以帮助他们保持健康。考查代词辨析。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名 词性物主代词。help sb do sth”帮助某人做某事，动词help后用宾格them“他们

2、: 故选B。2. Janek and the team got to the pole April 24th, 2004.A. inB. atC. ofD. on【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：雅内克和探险队于2004年4月24日到达了极点。考查时间介词的用法。in后接某年某月某季节；at后接具体时刻；of的；on后接具体一天。根据“April 24th, 2004”可知,此处是具体的一天,应填介词on,故选D。3.1 like playing ping-pong,Im not very good at it.A. butB. andC. soD. or【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：我喜欢打

3、乒乓球，但是我不是很擅长。but但是，表转折关系；and和，表并列关系；so所以，表因果关系；。或者，表选择关系。根据空格前的 like playing ping-pong和空格后的not very good at it可知这两句是转折关系。故选A。4. 一 Excuse me,1 have the seat next to the window?一 Yes of course.A. mustB. shouldC. needD. may【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：打扰一下，我可以坐靠窗的座位吗？ 是的，当然可以。cook. Once its cooked, the fun part is

4、putting more things in for the flavours （味道）.Porridge alone doesnt have a very strong flavour. Although some people think this makes porridge boring, I think this is what makes porndge exciting! It is like a piece of white paperyou can put in almost anything you want in the porridge. Dried fruits an

5、d nuts are very healthy choices and can give you energy for the day. But if you dont like these, then chocolate is also very delicious choice. （Just dont add too much!）One of the best things about porridge? You can make it almost anywhere in the world. You can usually buy big bags of oats, then add

6、other things to make your porridge interesting-whatever is cheap and easy to find, wherever you are. Porridge? Hopefully, it sounds a lot tastier now!28. What can we learn about porridge?A. It is hard to cook porridge.B. It gives people a lot of energy.C. It is a perfect breakfast in China.D. It is

7、not a good choice for sick people.29. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?A. How to make porridge exciting.B. Where to go to buy good porridge.C. What we can use to put in porridge.D. Why porridge is a perfect breakfast.30. The writer writes this passage to.A. encourage people to buy more porridgeB. in

8、troduce different kinds of breakfastC. tell people porridge can be deliciousD. teach people how to cook porridge【答案】28.B29. C 30. C【解析】【导语】本文讲述了粥是一种美味、方便又健康的早饭，并介绍了让粥更加美味的方法。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“and it gives long-lasting energy （能量）for the day.”可知，粥给人们带来很多能量，故选 Bo【29题详解】段落大意题。根据“Porridge preparation is u

9、p to what you choose to use.”本段后文内容可知，本段主要介绍了我们可以放在粥里的东西，故选C。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据Tm here to try and tell you that porridge isnt boring and tasteless, that it can be a delicious, easy to cook and very healthy way to start the day.”可知，作者写这篇文章是为了告诉人们粥可以很美味，故 选C。DIt seems that four out of five young people n

10、ow get on well with their parents. It is different from the image of unhappy teenagers staying in their room after arguing with their parents.An important new study surprisingly shows that their family life is more harmonious （和谐的）than it has ever been in the past. We were surprised by just how posi

11、tive （积极的）todays young people seen to be about their families,said one member of the research team. People think they are rebellious （叛逆的）. In fact, they have other things on their minds; they want a car or a phone,and they worry about their grades. There is more discussion between parents and child

12、ren, and children want to take part in the family decision-making process.So it seems that these young parents is much more possible than parents of 30 years ago to think their children as friends. My parents are happy to discuss with me and willing to listen to me,“ says 17-year-old Daniel LazalL ”

13、I always tell them when Im going out clubbing. As long as they know what Fm doing, they are fine with it. Susan Crome agrees. Looking back on the past 10 years, children negotiated with their parents a lot. For example, as long as I finish my homework, I could watch TV. But I think my grandparents w

14、ere a lot stricter with my parents than that.”Maybe this positive view of family life is what it should be like. It is possible that the idea of teenage rebellion is not because of real facts. A researcher says, Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of

15、a short time in our history when we think teenagers are different being. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. It has been a change from helping out with the family business to taking it over.” 3

16、1. What can we learn about todays parents from the passage?A. They go to clubs more often with their children.B. They are much stricter with their children.C. They care less about their childrens life.D. They give their children more freedom.32. The words negotiated in Paragraph 3 probably mean .A.

17、discussedB. helpedC. stayedD. shared33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Positive parentsB Harmony in FamilyC. Rebellious ChildrenD. Teenage Trouble in Family【答案】31. D 32. A 33. B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了年轻人现在和父母相处得很好，家庭关系更加融洽了。31题详解】推理判断题。根据“So it seems that these young paren

18、ts is much more possible than parents of 30 years ago to think their children as fHends.”以及“For example, as long as I finish my homework, I could watch TV. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”可知，现在的父母比 30 年前的父母们更有可能 把孩子们看作是朋友，由此可推断出，现在的父母给孩子更多的自由了。故选D。【32题详解】词句

19、猜测题。根据I always tell them when Fm going out clubbing. As long as they know what Tin doing, they are fine with it.”以及“as long as I finish my homework, I could watch TV.可知，丹尼尔出门前告诉父母去哪 里，父母也愿意和孩子谈论以及愿意听孩子的。苏珊写完作业也可以看电视。由此可推断出此处 “negotiated”是“商量、讨论”的意思。故选A。【33题详解】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了年轻人现在和父母相处得很好，家庭关系更加

20、融洽了。B选 项“家庭和谐”最适合作文章标题。故选B。四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。What is space tourism?Space tourism is space travel for leisure purposes （休闲 目 的）.What was once only a dream-described in books such as Arthur C. Clarkes 2001: A Space Odyssey-is now becoming a reality.Futurologists （未来学家）are scientists who try to predict

21、 （预测）what life will be like in the future. After the first man landed on the moon in 1969, they thought that hotels would be built on the moon by the year 2000.Futurologists also considered the possibility that, in the 21st century, families might go for a holiday on the moon. Neither of these predi

22、ctions have come true yetbut the rapid development of technology may mean thesepredictions are a possibility in the years to come.Space Adventures is currently the only company to send people into space. Space Adventures worked with the Federal Space Agency of the Russian Federation and Rocket and S

23、pace Corporation Energia to offer flights for the worlds first private space explorers. Each person paid over $ 20 million for their 10-day trip to the International Space Station.Following several successful trips into space, more companies are now thinking about the possibility of sending tourists

24、 into space. In order to make it cheaper, suborbital （亚轨道的）space travel is a choice for many companies, including Virgin Galactic. Passengers would go to a height of between 100 and 160 km above earth, experience 3-6 minutes of weightlessness and a view of the stars, then come back down to earth. Th

25、is costs about $ 200,000 per person.While it could be an amazing experience, there are some problems with space tourism. Many people believe that it could make global warming （全球变暖）worse and it is not good for the ozone layer （臭氧层）.Whats more, space travel is only really for the rich people. There a

26、re still millions of people worldwide who couldnt pay for it. 34. Which book described space tourism?35. When did the first man land on the moon?36. Which company can send people into space?37. What can people do with suborbital space travel?38. What is your opinion on space travel? And why?【答案】34.

27、2001: A Space Odyssey.35. In 1969.36. Space Adventures.37. They can go to a height of between 100 and 160 km above earth, experience 3-6 minutes of weightlessness and a view of the stars.38.1 think space travel will be difficult to popularize. Because the cost is too high.【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了太空旅行的发展以及带来的

28、问题。【34题详解】 根据What was once only a dreamdescribed in books such as Arthur C.Clarke9s 2001: A Space Odysseyis now becoming a reality.”可知，2001：太空旅行描述了太空旅行。故填2001: A Space Odyssey.【35题详解】根据After the first man landed on the moon in 1969J可知，第一个人登上月球是在 1969 年。故填 In 1969.【36题详解】根据Space Adventures is current

29、ly the only company to send people into space.”可知,太空探险公司是唯一一 家将人送入太空的公司。故填Space Adventures.【37题详解】根据Passengers would go to a height of between 100 and 160 km above earth, experience 36 minutes of weightlessness and a view of the stars, then come back down to earth.”可知，人们可以利用亚轨道太空旅行飞到 离地球100到160公里的高度

30、，体验36分钟的失重和观看星星。They can go to a height of between 100 and 160 km above earth, experience 3-6 minutes of weightlessness and a view of the stars.【38题详解】开放性试题，结合实际，答案合理即可。参考答案为I think space travel will be difficult to popularize. Because the cost is too high.五、文段表达（10分）39.根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。文中已

31、给出内容不计入总词数。所给提 示词语仅供选用。请不要写出你的校名和姓名。良好的生活习惯对我们非常重要，它能保证我们有一个健康的身体和愉悦的心情。某英文报社正在举 办关于“健康习惯”的主题征文，请你写一篇短文投稿，介绍自己的一个健康习惯，并说明这个习惯为什么 健康。提不内容： Introduce one of your healthy habits. Why do you think its healthy?提示词语：go to bed, early, get upIt is very important to have healthy habits.考查情态动词。must 必须；should

32、应该；need 需要；may 可以。根据“.I have the seat next to the window? 及“Yes, of course.”可知，此处表示委婉的请求，应用情态动词may。故选D。5. Sandy is only 12 years old.She is on the team.A. youngB. youngerC. youngestD. the youngest【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：桑迪只有12岁。她是队里最年轻的。考查形容词最高级用法。首先题目中已经给定范围是“on the team”，再根据Sandy is only 12 years old” 可知，

33、她只有12岁，是在给定的范围内比较要用形容词最高级，形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。故选 Do6. do you go shopping?Once a week.A. How longB. How manyC. How oftenD. How soon【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：-你多久购物一次？-一周一次。A.多长；B.多少；C多久一次；D.多久以后，通过答句可以 知道是在提问频率，用how often,故选Co【点睛】How often, how long, how far与how soon的区别：1、How often有“多久一次”的意思，是就做某 事的频率提问。针对 How oft

34、en 的回答一般是：Twice a year, Three times a weeko e.g. 一How often do you watch TV?一Three times a week. 2、How long表示“时间多久或物体多长”，表示时间侧重指“一段时 间。针对How long”的回答一般是时间段,如“for three days，“three years。e.g. How long were you away last year? 一About two weeks. 3 Howfar 是提问“路程有多远”，询问距离的。e.g How far is it from his hous

35、e?距离他家有多远？ 4、Howsoon表示“多久之后”，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间提问。How soon 的回答一般是：“in + 时间段，如in two days in five years。e.g. 一How soon will you be ready? 一ril be ready in five minutes.7. we can get Vitamin D from food, we can also get it from the sun.A. AlthoughB. ForC. BecauseD. If【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：虽然我们可以从食物中获得维生素D,但我们也可

36、以从太阳中获得。考查从属连词的词义辨析。Although虽然；For因为；Because因为；If如果。根据“we can get Vitamin D from foodv和“we can also get it from the sun.”可知，空格前后是让步关系，因此可用Although引导让步 状语从句。故选A。8. 一 How was your weekend, Jack?Good. I lots of new games with my sister.A. playB. playedC. am playingD. will play【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：周末过得怎么样，杰克

37、？ 很好。我和妹妹玩了很多新游戏。考查一般过去时。根据How wasyourweekerT可知，时态是一般过去时，故选B。9. My aunt and uncle in the yard when their dog became really noisy.A. workB. workedC. will workingD. were working【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：他们的狗叫得很大声时，我姑姑和姑父正在院子里工作。考查过去进行时。根据when their dog became really noisy”可知，空格处表示在过去某一时刻（狗叫得很大声时）姑姑和姑父正在进行的动作，应用

38、过去进行时：was/were doing0故选D。10. Ifs rainy and cloudy today. Dad and I the art museum tomorrow.A. visitB. visitedC. will visitD. are visiting【答案】c【解析】【详解】句意：今天阴雨连绵。爸爸将和我明天去参观艺术博物馆。考查一般将来时。visit参观；动词原形；visited参观，动词的过去式；will visit将参观；are visiting正在参 观。根据tomorrow”可知，本句的时态是一般将来时，其谓语结构是will+动词原形。故选C。11. Tom,

39、 where is your mum?Oh, she in the kitchen.A. cooksB. will cookC. is cookingD. cooked【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：一一汤姆，你妈妈在哪里？一一哦，她正在厨房做饭。根据where is your mum?可知此处询问你妈妈现在正在哪里，故用现在进行时be doing,故选C。12. Mr. Jiang children to swim every weekend.A. is teachingB. teachesC. taughtD. will teach【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：每个周末蒋老师都教孩子们游

40、泳。考查一般现在时。is teaching教，用于现在进行时；teaches教，用于一般现在时；taught教，用于一般过 去时；will teach将要教，用于一般将来时。根据时间状语“every weekend”可知，本句需用一般现在时。故 选B。二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项 中，选择最佳选项。Tom loved cars more than anything else. This spring he thought of building a model car to enter for a competition. So he a

41、sked his dad for 13.“Well J Dad said. How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design （设 计）A week later, Tom brought his notes and drawings to Dad. Dad looked over his work, thinking. Well, thats interesting/9 he said. Try to 14 it as youve designed.,Over three week

42、ends of hard work, Tom turned his design into a real model car and 15 it light blue.Dad asked Tom to take it for a test drive. Tom agreed.After a while, Tom came back to Dad. “Well J he said. “Now I know 16 you wanted me to have a test drive. When I drove fast, there was a problem with it.”“Very goo

43、d! Dad said.So, why didnt you tell me about that 17 in the first place?” Sally asked.Dad laughed. Wheres the fiin in that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you18 aman to fish, hell eat for a lifetime.Tom said, I see. Anyway, designing is half the ftm!”Dad smiled. Good. Sometimes,

44、 learning happens during the process.We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making 19 along the way.”That encouraged Tom and he worked even harder. The competition doesnt seem as 20, He hadalready learned a lot by building something better than ever before.13. A. helpB.

45、 moneyC. notesD. directions14. A. sellB.findC. buildD. drive15. A. colouredB. picturedC. drewD. showed16. A. whatB. whyC. whenD. where17. A. problemB. designC. competitionD. advice18. A. askB.sendC. teachD. want19. A. plansB. mistakesC. goalsD. interviews20. A. easyB. seriousC. realD. important【答案】1

46、3.D14. C 15. A 16. B17. A 18. C 19. B20. D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了爱车如命的Tom,在父亲的指导下，学会了如何成功地做了一个车模型。【13题详解】句意：所以他向爸爸寻求指导。help 帮助；money 金钱；notes 笔记；directions 方向，用法说明。根据 “Well, Dad said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design （设计）”可知，他爸爸指导他。故选 D。【14题详解】句意：试着按照你的设计建造它吧。

47、sell 出售；find 找到；build 建造；drive 驾驶。根据前文的 “This spring he thought of building a model car to enter for a competition.v可知，此处表示建造一个汽车模型，故选C。【15题详解】句意：经过三个周末的努力，汤姆把他的设计变成了一辆真正的汽车模型，并把它涂成了浅蓝色。coloured给着色；pictured想象；drew画画；showed展示。根据“light blue”可知，此处表示涂色，故选Ao【16题详解】句意：现在我知道你为什么想要我试驾。what 什么；why 为什么；when 何时；where 哪里。根据 When I drove fast, there was a problem with it. 可 知，当他开得快了，他发现了汽车模型 问题，因此他明白了他爸爸让他试驾的原因，故选B。【17题详解】句意：那你为什么不一开始就告诉我这个问题呢？problem 问题；design 设计；competition 竞争；advice 建议。根据前文的 “When I drove fast, there was a problem with it.可知，此处表示这个问题，故选A。【18题详解】句意：但