2022年-9月四级考试真题（二）.docx

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1、Part I322镉配息妈级考试真题（二）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the use of PowerPoint (PPT) in class. You can start your essay with the sentence The use of PowerPoint is becoming increasingly popular in class . You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

2、words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：2022年9月四级全国共考了两套听力，本套与第一套相同，只是选项顺序 不同，故不再重复。Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are reuired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wo

3、rd bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank mo

4、re than once.It can be seen from the cheapest budget airlines to the worlds largest carriers: Airlines across the globe _26 various shades of blue in their cabin seats, and it is no 27 . There does appear to be some psychology behind it. Blue is 28 with the positive ualities of trust, efficiency, ui

5、etness, coolness, reflection and calm.Nigel Goode is a leading aviation designer who works at a company which has been delivering aircraft interiors for airlines for 30 years. tOur job as designers is to-10-A) It is simply absurd.C) It is rather unexpected.B) It is well-informed.D) It is uiteWhat do

6、es the author imply about Leeds City Councils decisionsensible.49. How did Sao Paulo city officials handle Alexandre Orion5s reverse graffitiA) They made him clean all the tunnels in Sao Paulo.B) They took drastic action to ban all reverse graffiti.C) They charged him with polluting tunnels in the c

7、ity.D)They made it impossible for him to practice his art.Passage Twouestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The practice of paying children an allowance became popular in America about 100 years ago. Nowadays, American kids on average receive about $ 800 per year in allowance. But the

8、vast majority of American parents who pay allowance tie it to the completion of housework. Although many parents believe that paying an allowance for completing chores benefits their children, a range of experts expressed concern that tying allowance very closely to chores may not be ideal. In fact,

9、 the way chores work in many households worldwide points to another way.Suniya Luthar, a psychologist, is against paying kids for chores. Luthar is not opposed to giving allowances, but she thinks its important to establish that chores are done not because they will lead to payment, but because they

10、 keep the household running. Luthars suggested approach to allowance is compatible with that of writerRon Lieber, who advises that allowances be used as a means of showing children how to save, give, and spend on things they care about. Kids should do chores, he writes, for the same reason adults do

11、, because the chores need to be done, and not with the expectation of compensation.”This argument has its critics, but considering the way are undertaken around the world may change peoples thinking. Professor David Laney of Utah State University has studied how families around the world handle chor

12、es. At about 18months of age, Laney says, most children become eager to help their parents, and in many cultures, they begin helping with housework at that age. They begin with very simple tasks, but their responsibilities gradually increase. And they do these tasks without payment. Laney contrasts

13、this with what happens in America. We deny our childrens bids to help until they are 6 or 7 years old/ Laney says, “when many have lost the desire to help and then try to motivate them with payment. The solution to this problem is not to try to use money as an incentive to do housework, but to get c

14、hildren involved in housework much earlier, when they actually want to do it.What do some experts think about paying children for doing choresA) It may benefit children in more ways than one.B) It may help children learn the worth of labor.C) It may not turn out to be the best thing to do.D) It may

15、not be accepted by low-income parents.50. According to Suniya Luthar, doing chores will help children learn to.A) share family responsibilitiesB) appreciate the value of workC) cultivate the spirit of independence themselvesD) manage domestic affairsWhat does Ron Lieber think should be the goal of g

16、iving children allowancesA) To help to strengthen family ties.C) To motivate them to do morehousework. B) To teach them how to manage money. D) To show parents appreciation of their help.51. What does David Laney say about 18-month-oldsA) They have a natural instinct to help around the house.B) They

17、 are too young to reuest money for what they do.C) They should learn to understand family responsibilities.D) They need a little incentive to get involved in housework.52. What does David Laney advise American parents to doA) Set a good example for children in doing housework.B) Make children do hou

18、sework without compensation.C) Teach children how to do housework.D) Accept childrens early bids to help.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.茶拥有5, 000年的历

19、史。传说，神农氏(Shen Nong)喝开水时，几片野树叶子落进壶里， 开水顿时散发出宜人的香味。他喝了几口，觉得很提神。茶就这样发现了。自此，茶在中国开始流行。茶园遍布全国，茶商变得富有。昂贵、雅致的茶具成了地位 的象征。今天，茶不仅是一种健康的饮品，而且是中国文化的一个组成局部。越来越多的国际游 客 一边品茶，一边了解中国文化。reinforce the airlines brand and make it more 29 he says. But our primary concern is to deliver an interior that _3Q comfort to creat

20、e a pleasant environment.”“Its all about making the traveling experience less 31 and blue is said to induce a feeling of calm. While some of the budget airlines might use brighter, bolder shades, most others go with softened tones. The 32 aim is to create a home-like relaxing feel, so airlines tend

21、to use soft colors that feel domestic, 33 and earthy for that reason.”Ifs also a trend that emerged decades ago and has 34 stuck. Blue became the color of choice because its a conservative, agreeable, corporate shade that 35 being trustworthy and safe. Thafs why you see it used in all of the older a

22、irlines like British Airways/ Nigel Goode added.A) associatedI) maximizesB) coincidenceJ) naturalC) determinedK) principalD) drasticallyL) recognizableE) enormousM) simplyF) imitateN) stressfulG) indicationH) integrate0) symbolizesSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage

23、 with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the uestions by marking the corresponding l

24、etter on Answer Sheet 2.Why Are Asian Americans Missing from Our TextbooksI still remember my fourth-grade social studies project. Our class was studying the Gold Rush, something all California fourth-graders learned. I was excited because I had asked to research Chinese immigrants during that era.

25、Growing up in the San Francisco Bay Area, I had always known that “San Franciscoz， translated to “Gold Mountain in Chinese. The name had stuck ever since Chinese immigrants arrived on the shores of Northern California in the 1850s, eager to try their luck in the gold mines. Now Id have the chance to

26、 learn about them.A) My excitement was short-lived. I remember heading to the library with my class and asking for help. I remember the librarians hesitation. She finally led me past row after row of books, to a comer of the library where she pulled an oversized book off the shelf. She checked the i

27、ndex and turned over to a page about early Chinese immigrants in California. That was all there was in my entire school library in San Francisco, home of the nations first Chinatown. That was it.Q I finally had the opportunity to learn about Asian Americans like myself, and how we became part of the

28、 fabric of the United States when I took an introductory class on Asian-American history in college. The class was a revelation. I realized howmuch had been missing in my textbooks as I grew up. My identity had been shaped by years of never reading, seeing, hearing, or learning about People who had

29、a similar background as me. Why, I wondered, werent the stories, histories, and contributions of Asian Americans taught in K-12 schools, especially in the elementary schools Why are they still not taughtD） Our studentsAsian, Latino, African American, Native American, and, yes, whitestand to gain fro

30、m a multicultural curriculum. Students of color are more engaged and earn better grades when they see themselves in their studies. Research has also found that white students benefit by being challenged and exposed to new perspectives.E） For decades, activists have called for schools to offer anti-r

31、acism or multicultural curricula. Yet a traditional American K-12 curriculum continues to be taught from a Eurocentric point of view. Being multicultural often fall back on weaving children of color into photographs, or creating a few supporting characters that happen to be ethnican improvement, but

32、 superficial nonetheless. Elementary school classrooms celebrate cultural holidaysLunar New Year! Red envelopes! Lion dancers! 一 but theyre uick to gloss over （掩 饰 ）the challenges and injustices that Asian Americans have faced. Most students dont, for example, learn about the laws that for years exc

33、luded Asians from immigrating to the U.S. They dont hear the narratives of how and why Southeast Asian refugees （难 民） had to rebuild their lives here.F） Research into what students learn in school has found just how much is missing in their studies. In an analysis, Christine Sleeter, a professor in

34、the College of Professional Studies at California State University, Monterey Bay, reviewedCalifornias history and social studies framework, the curriculum determined by state educators that influences what is taught in K-12 classrooms. Of the nearly 100 Americans recommended to be studied, 77% were

35、white, 18% African American, 4% Native American, and 1% Latino. None were Asian American.G） Worse, when Asian Americans do make an appearance in lesson books, it is often laced with problems. There hasnt been much progress/ says Nicholas Hartlep, an assistant professor at Metropolitan State Universi

36、ty. His 2022 study of K-12 social studies textbooks and teacher manuals found that Asian Americans were poorly represented at best, and subjected to racist caricatures （拙劣的模仿）at worst. The wide diversity of Asian Americans was overlooked; there was very little mention of South Asians or Pacific Isla

37、nders, for example. And chances were, in the images, Asian Americans appeared in stereotypical （模式化的）roles, such as engineers.H） Teachers with a multicultural background or training could perhaps overcome such curriculum challenges, but theyre few and far between. In California, 65% of K- 12 teacher

38、s are white, compared with a student population that is 75% students of color. Nationwide, the gap is even greater. It isnt a reuirement that teachers share the same racial or ethnic background as their students, but the imbalance poses challenges, from the potential for unconscious bias to a lack o

39、f knowledge or comfort in discussing race and culture.I） How rare and ethnicity is taught is crucial, says Allyson Tintiangco-Cubales, an Asian-American studies professor at San Francisco State University. She added that its not so much about the teachers background, but about training. You canhave

40、a great curriculum but if you dont have teachers dedicated (专 注 于 )to teaching it well,“ she says, “it wont work as well as you want it to.”Some teachers are finding ways to expose students to Asian-American issues一if not during school hours, then outside of them. This summer, Wilson Wong will lead

41、a class of rising fifth-graders at a day camp dedicated to Chinese culture and the Chinese-American community in Oakland, California. His students, for instance, will learn about how Chinese immigrants built the railroads in California, and even have a chance to “experience it themselves: They will

42、race each other to build a railroad model on the playground, with some students being forced to “work longer and faster and at cheaper wages. Wong, a middle school teacher during the school year, hopes hes exposing the students to how Chinese Americans contributed to the U. S., something that he did

43、nt get as a student growing up in the San Francisco Bay Area. i planted the seeds early,“ he says. Thats what Im hoping for.”J） And, despite setbacks, the tide may finally be turning. California legislators passed a bill last year that will bring ethnic studies to all its public high schools. Some s

44、chool districts, including San Francisco and Los Angeles, already offer ethnic studies at its high schools. High schools in Portland, Chicago, and elsewhere have either implemented or will soon introduce ethnic studies classes. And, as more high schools begin teaching it, the door could crack open f

45、or middle schools, and, perhaps inevitably, elementary schools, to incorporate a truly more multicultural curriculum. Doing so will send an important message to the nations youngest citizens: Whatever your race or ethnicity, you matter. Your history matters. Your story matters.36. While cultural hol

46、idays are celebrated, the injustices experienced by Asian Americans are not exposed in elementary school classrooms.37. Little information can be found about Chinese immigrants in the authors school library.38. A middle school teacher is making a great effort to help students learn about the contrib

47、utions made by Chinese immigrants to America.39. No Asian Americans were included in the list of historical figures recommended for study in K-12 classrooms.40. There is an obvious lack of teachers with a multicultural perspective to meet the curriculum challenges in America.41. Students of ethnic b

48、ackgrounds learn better from a multicultural curriculum.42. Now more and more high schools in America are including ethnic studies in their curriculums.43. A study of some K-12 textbooks and teacher manuals showed that Asian Americans were inadeuately and improperly represented in them.44. When taki

49、ng a class in college, the author realized that a lot of information about Asian Americans was left out of the textbooks he studied.45. An Asian-American studies professor placed greater emphasis on teacher training than on teachers? background.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some uestions or unfinished