常用缓冲溶液的配制方法( 11).docx

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1、常用缓冲溶液的配制(一)甘氨酸-盐酸缓冲液(0.05 mol/L)X毫升0.2 mol/L甘氨酸+ Y毫升0.2 mol/L HC1,再加水稀释至 200毫升。PHXYPHXY2.25044.03.05011.42.45032.43.2508.22.65024.23.4506.42.85016.83.6505.0甘氨酸分子量= 75.07。0.2 mol/L甘氨酸溶液含15.01 g/L。(二)邻苯二甲酸-盐酸缓冲液(0. 05 mol/L)X毫升0.2 mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾+ Y毫升0.2 mol/L HC1,再加水 稀释至20毫升。pH(20)XYpH(20 )XY2.254.6703

2、.251.4702.453.9603.450.990（十二）甘氨酸-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05 mol/L）X毫升0.2 mol/L甘氨酸+ Y毫升0.2 mol/L NaOH加水稀释至200 毫升。pHX (mL)Y (mL)pHX (mL)Y (mL)8.6504.09.65022.48.8506.09.85027.29.0508.8105032.09.25012.010.45038.69.45016.810.65045.5甘氨酸分子量= 75.07； 0.2 mol/L溶液含15.01 g/L（十三）硼砂-氢氧化纳缓冲液（0.05 mol/L硼酸根）X毫升0.05 mol/L硼砂+ Y毫升

3、0.2 mol/L NaOH加水稀释至200 毫升。pHX(mL)Y(mL)pHX(mL)Y(mL)9.3506.09.85034.09.45011.010.05043.09.65023.010.15046.0硼砂 Na2B4O7 IOH2O 分子量= 381.43；0.05 mol/L 硼砂溶液(等于 0.2 mol/L 硼酸根)为 19.07 g/L。（十四）碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液（0.1 mol/L）（此缓冲液在Ca2+、Mg2+存在时不得使用）.PH0.1 mol/LNa2CO3(mL)0.1 mol/LNaHCO3(mL)20 37 9.168.77199.409.22289.519

4、.40379.789.50469.909.725510.149.906410.2810.087310.5310.288210.8310.5791Na2co3 IOH2O 分子量= 286.2； 0.1 mol/L 溶液为 28.62 g/L。NaHCCh 分子量= 84。0.1 mol/L 溶液为 8.40 g/L。2.653.2952.650.5972.852.6423.850.2633.052.032邻苯二甲酸氢钾分子量= 204.23。0.2 mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液含 40.85 g/Lo(三)磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/L0.1 mol/L0.1 m

5、ol/LpHNa2HPO4pHNa2HPO4柠檬酸柠檬酸(mL)(mL)(mL)(mL)2.22.42.62.83.03.23.40.40L242.183.174.114.945.7019.6018.7617.8216.8315.8915.0614.305.25.45.65.86.06.26.410.721L1511.6012.0912.6313.2213.859.288.858.407.917.376.786.153.63.84.04.24.44.64.85.06.447.107.718.288.829.359.8610.3013.566.612.9012.2911.7211.1810.65

6、10.149.7014.555.456.87.07.27.47.67.88.015.4516.4717.3918.1718.7319.1519.454.553.532.611.831.270.850.55Na2Hpe)4 分子量=141.98； 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 28.40 g/L。Na2HPO4 2H2O 分子量=178.05； 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 35.61 g/L。Na2HPO4 12H2O 分子量= 358.22； 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 71.64 g/L。C6H8O7 - H2O 分子量= 210.14； 0.1 mol/L 溶液为 21.01 g/L。（四）

7、柠檬酸-氢氧化钠-盐酸缓冲液钠离子浓 柠檬酸（g）氢氧化钠盐酸（mL）最终体积pH度(g)C6H8。7 H2OHC1 (浓)(L)(mol/L)NaOH97%2.20.2021084160103.10.2021083116103.30.2021083106104.30.202108345105.30.3524514468105.80.45285186105106.50.3826615612610使用时可以每升中加入1克酚，若最后pH值有变化，再用少 量50%氢氧化钠溶液或浓盐酸调节，冰箱保存。(五)柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液(0.1 mol/L)PH0.1 mol/L柠檬酸(mL)0.1 mol/

8、L柠檬酸钠(mL)PH0.1 mol/L柠檬酸(mL)0.1 mol/L柠檬酸钠(mL)3.018.61.45.08.211.83.217.22.85.27.312.73.416.04.05.46.413.63.614.95.15.65.514.53.814.06.05.84.715.34.013.16.96.03.816.24.212.37.76.22.817.24.411.48.66.42.018.04.610.39.76.61.418.64.89.210.8柠檬酸:C6H8。7 62。分子量= 210.14 ；0.1 mol/L 溶液为 21.01 g/L。柠檬酸钠：Na3C6H5O72

9、H2O分子量 = 294.12 ； 0.1 mol/L溶液为29.41 g/Lo(六)醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲液(0.2 mol/L)pH(18)0.2 mol/LNa Ac(mL)0.2 mol/LHAc(mL)3.63.84.04.24.44.60.751.201.802.653.704.909.358.808.207.356.305.10PH(18)0.2 mol/LNaAc(mL)0.2 mol/LHAc(mL)4.85.904.105.07.003.005.27.902.105.48.601.405.69.100.905.86.400.60NaAc 3H2O 分子量=136.09； 0.2

10、mol/L 溶液为 27.22 g/L。冰乙酸11.8 mL稀释至1 L （需标定）。（七）磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05 mol/L）（八）磷酸盐缓冲液（0.2 mol/L）X 毫升 0.2 mol/L KH2PO4+Y 毫升 0.2 mol/L NaOH 加水稀释至 20毫升。PH(20 )X (mL)Y (mL)PH(20 )X (mL)Y (mL)5.850.3727.052.9636.050.5707.253.5006.250.8607.453.9506.451.2607.654.2806.651.7807.854.5206.852.3658.054.680磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢

11、钠缓冲液0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/L0.2 mol/LpHNa2HPO4NaH2PO4PHNa2HPO4NaH2Po4(mL)(mL)(mL)(mL)5.88.092.07.061.039.05.910.090.07.167.033.06.06.16.26.36.46.56.66.76.86.912.315.018.522.526.531.537.543.549.055.087.785.081.577.573.568.562.556.551.045.07.27.37.47.57.67.77.87.98.072.077.081.084.087.089.591.593.0

12、94.728.023.019.016.013.010.58.57.05.3Na2HPO4 2H2O 分子量=178.05； 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 35.61 g/L。Na2HPO4 - 12H2O 分子量= 358.22； 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 71.64 g/L。NaH2Po4 H2O 分子量=138.01 ； 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 27.6 g/L。NaH2Po4 2H2O 分子量=156.03； 0.2 mol/L 溶液为 31.21 g/L。（九）巴比妥纳-盐酸缓冲液PH(18)0.04mol/L巴比妥钠0.2 mol/LHC1 (mL)PH0.04mol/L(18)

13、巴比妥钠0.2 mol/LHC1 (mL)(mL)(mL)6.810018.48.41005.217.010017.88.61003.827.210016.78.81002.527.410015.39.01001.657.610013.49.21001.137.810011.479.41000.708.01009.399.61000.358.21007.21巴比妥钠分子量= 206.18； 0.04 mol/L溶液为8.25 g/L。(十)Tris-HCI 缓冲液(0. 05 mol/L)50毫升0.1 mol/L三羟甲基氨基甲烷(Tris)溶液与X毫升0.lmol/L盐酸混匀并稀释至100毫

14、升。pH (25 )X (mL)pH (25 )X (mL)7.1045.78.1026.27.2044.78.2022.97.3043.48.3019.97.4042.08.4017.27.5040.38.5014.77.6038.58.6012.47.7036.68.7010.37.8034.58.808.57.9032.08.907.08.0029.2Tris 分子量=121.14 ；01mol/L 溶液为 12.114 g/L。Tris 溶液可从空气中吸收二氧化碳，使用时注意将瓶盖严。(十一)、硼酸-硼砂缓冲液(0.2 mol/L硼酸根)0.050.05PHmol/L硼砂0.2 mol/L硼酸(mL)pHmol/L0.2 mol/L硼酸(mL)硼砂(mL)(mL)7.47.67.88.01.01.52.03.09.08.58.07.08.28.48.79.03.54.56.08.06.55.54.02.0硼砂：Na2BQ7 IOH2O分子量=子1.43；0.05 mol/L溶液(等于 0.2 mol/L 硼酸根)含 19.07 g/Lo硼酸：H3BO3 分子量= 61.84； 0.2 mol/L 的溶液为 12.37 g/L。硼砂易失去结晶水，必须在带塞的瓶中保存。