2022年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题.docx

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1、Now lets begin with uestion Number 1.1. A.The man is busy.C.The man is out of town on business.2. A. He has a ten ible backache.C. He has a toothache3. A. It is fast.4. A. Four days.5. A. He is a lawyerC. He is a travel agent.6. A. Sunday.7. A. Two.8. A. To X-ray his chest.C. To perform a minor surg

2、ery.9. A. To go shopping.C. To change their topic.1(). A. The man is working too hard.C. The man is supposed to find a job.11. A. Discussing a case.B. It is slow.B.Tcn days.B. Tuesday.B. Thee.D. It is not working.D. Two weeks.2022年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题试卷一(Paper One)Part I Listening Comprehension (30%)Secti

3、on ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, you will hear a uestion about what is said. The uestion will be read only once, after you hear the uestion, read the four possible answers marked A,B,C and D. Choose the be

4、st answers and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder You havent had a bite all day.uestion: Whats the matter with the womanYou will read:A. She is sick.B. She is bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spi

5、lled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample Answer ABDB.The man has trouble breathingD.The man is hiding himself from the woman.B. He has a bad headache.D. He has a diarrheaC. It works well.C. One weekB. He is a doctor.D. He is an immigration officer.C. Thursday.D. Saturday.C. Four.D. Five.B. T

6、o hospitalize him.D. To transfer him to a specialist.B. Togo back to work.D. To entertain their guests.B. The man needs to think it over.D. The man has made a right decision.B. Defying a diagnosis. 官方网站：The first uestion is whose patients are sicker Specialists tend to treat more complicated forms o

7、f disease,but generalist-family physicians and general practitioners-are more likely to treat patients with several coexisting diseases.A second uestion is what counts as the most valuable treatment Specialists are more familiar with standards of care for the diseases they treat regularly,says Harla

8、n M. Krumholz of Yale University. On the other hand, a generalist may do a better job of coordinating a patients care and keeping an eye on a persons overall health, says Martin T. Donohoe of the Oregon Health Sciences University in PortlandTo further complicate comparisons, many generalists will co

9、nsult with specialists on complicated cases, but medical records do not always show that, says Carolyn Clancy of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research in Rockville, Md.That said, stroke patients treated by neurologists are more likely to survive than stroke patients treated by generalists.

10、Among about 3800sroke sufferers nationwide,!6.1 percent of those treated by a neurologist died within 3 months, compared with 25.3 percent of those treated by family physicians.Several studies have shown that people with heart disease fare better when they arc treated by cardiologists,says Ira S. Na

11、sh of the Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York, but its hard to figure out exactly why.“Physician specialty, in addition to being a measure of formal training in the field, is also a proxy for clinical experience,“ he says. Its very difficult to separate out the overlapping concepts: one, that pra

12、ctice makes perfect; two,the effect of the educational and time investments in a clinical problem the physician is simply interested in; and threedhe issue of formal training.，zDifferences between specialist care and generalist care, however, pale in comparison with the finding that both specialists

13、 and generalists often fail to put the latest knowledge into practice, contend both Donohoe and Clancy. A report by the U.S. General Accounting Office documented that heart attack survivors who saw cardiologists regularly were more likely to take cholesterol- lowering drugs and beta blockerswhich re

14、duce heart rate and blood pressurethan those who received care from a generalist. Even so, these life-prolonging drugs were not prescribed to many patients who appeared to be eligible for them, implying that both generalists and specialists could do better.“Maybe we are focusing too much energy on t

15、he differences between generalist and specialist care,“ says Donohoe. Perhaps,he adds, 4we should focus more intently on improving the uality of communication and cooperation between generalists and specialists and on developing and promoting practice guidelines that might have a much bigger effect

16、on the overall health of Americans.z，Which of the following uestions can most probably come out of the two uestions raised in thepassageB. What is specialist care all aboutA. Is specialist care superiorC. Why is one unwilling to be a generalist D. Is generalist care the future of medicine 77. The an

17、swers to the two uestions suggest that.A. generalists are more likely to be ignoredB. a specialist can be a generalist, or vice versaC. neither of the two groups is better than the otherD. patients have every reason to go to specialist physiciansAccording to the passage,the better treatment of strok

18、e and heart disease on the part of specialists.A. cannot simply be ascribed to specialtyB. is hard to be justified on the nationwide scaleC. is enough to prove the superiority of specialist careD. has much to do with the amount of formal educationBoth specialists and generalists, Donohoe and Clancy

19、contend, could do a betterjob of.A. taking advantage of the otherB. avoiding as much malpractice as possibleC. putting the latest knowledge into practiceD. educating the public to their consciousness of health 8(). Donohoe is trying to shift our attention to.E. better communication and cooperation b

20、etween generalists and specialistsF. the real nature of specialist and generalist care, respectivelyG. the similarities between generalist and specialist careH. the declining health of AmericansPassage FiveChildren are spending an increasing amount of time using computers. Computers are now found in

21、 most classrooms,and in the majority of homes, almost always with internet accepts. However,many studies of childrens use of computers show that there are possible negative effects. This essay will explain the possible negative effects of computer use on children, focusing on the effects on family a

22、nd peer relationships and the increased tendency towards violent behavior.Computer use may negatively affect the social relationship between children and their parents. Because children spend so much time on computers, they often know more about advanced computer use than their parents, According to

23、 Subrahmanyam and his colleagues(2022) this often leads to a role reversal, where the child becomes a teacher to the parent. In other words, it is often the case that a highly computer literate teenager will teach their parents how to use the more complex functions of computer technology. This can l

24、ead to a reduction in parental authority. Moreover, with the anonymity of online communication, computer users do not know if they are talking to a child or an adult, so all users arc treated cually (Subrahmanyam ct al, 2022). Children may then expect the same cuality in real life, further contribut

25、ing to a breakdown in the parent- children relationship (Subrahmanyam et al, 2001).Childrens peer relationships can also be negatively affected by extensive computer use. Since computers are more likely to be used in isolation by children, they spend little time interacting with their peers (Shields

26、 & Behrman, 2022). As a result, children may not develop the social skills they need, or be able to maintain friendships in the real world (Subrahmanyam et ak 2022). With the very extended computer use, this isolation from the real world can lead to loneliness and even depression(Shields & Behrman,

27、2022).A disturbing possible effect of computer use on children is the link between computer games and violence. Current research has already documented a strong link between violent films and television and aggressive behavior in children, so it is reasonable to believe that a similar link will be f

28、ound between violent behavior in children and violence in computer games ( Subrahmanyam et al, 2001). However, as Shields Behrman (2001) points out, it is important to note that although the games may affect all children, children who prefer violent games could be most affected.In conclusion, using

29、a computer, particularly for extended periods, may affect the parentchildren relationship in families. It could also result in children not learning the social skills they need to interact with peers and maintain friendships. Moreover, it seems likely that playing violent computer games is linked to

30、 violence in children. Although the research is not conclusive,it appears that extended use of computers could have a negative effect on childrens social development.81. From the very beginning, the author is trying to draw out attention toA. crimes on rise at schoolB. a decline in family valueC. th

31、e negative effects of childrens overuse of computerD. the increasing number of investigations on educationWhich is the best reason for the reduction of parental authority according to the passageA. Children become teachers to their parents.B. Parents are fossilized in new technology.C. Children expe

32、ct for an eual status with their parents.D. Parents, roles are being shrunk by the computer.82. What does Shield Behrman imply in the passageA. Children greatly value the friendship with their peers.B. Children are doomed to suffer depression by using computer.C. Children will in no circumstances be

33、 affected by violent games.D. Childrens inclination to aggression may derive from violent games.83. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the negative result of playing computer games in85.85.the passageA. A lack of social communication.C. A decline in intelligence.Where the passage might be ta

34、ken fromB. Increasing violent performance.D. A breakdown in family relationship.A. A biography.B. A science fiction.C. A research periodicalD. Business newspaper.Passage SixArc smart people just naturally attracted to study art or perform music, dance,or drama Or does early education in the art actu

35、ally cause changes in the brain that develop important components of cognition Recent findings show that there may be some significant causal relationships between arts training and the brains ability to learn.The Dana Foundation, an organization with interests in neuroscience, immunology,and arts e

36、ducation, just released a three-year study that found that early training in the arts is possibly good for your brain. Neuroscientists and psychologists at several universities have how enhanced understanding of just how the arts might improve thinking, memory, and language skills. Music education i

37、s linked with the ability to control both short-term and long-term memory, geometric representation, and development of reading skills. Dance training improves thinking through mimicry and acting classes seem to expand language. Visual arts lessons outside the classroom during childhood are linked t

38、o improved math calculations; in retrospect,! wish I had more art lessons before I took on that advanced math class in high school.Ifs not a new idea that the arts can make us smarter. The notion caught fire in the 1990s when researchers showed that college students did better on certain math tests

39、after listening to a little bit of Mozart. And while the current report from the Dana Foundation did not provide definitive theories as to how arts make us smarter, what it does ends the popular notion that people are either right- or left-brain learners. Apparently artists and scientists are not th

40、at fundamentally different and perhaps there is even an underlying connection between the cognitive processes that give rise to both arts and sciences.86. At the beginning of the passage, two ucstions arc raised to explore the relation between .A. early education and the futureB. intelligence and em

41、otional uotientC. art training and cognitive developmentD. the human brain and its cognitive componentsFrom music education to dance training to visual arts lessons, the researchers found that.A. early training in the arts improved certain cognitive skillsB. early education in the arts enhanced the

42、learning by heartC. art training was widely conducted during childhoodD. the artistic education took many forms for childrenWhat can be inferred about the authors art lessons during childhoodA. Proficient.B. Deficient.C. Popular. D. Various.87. According to the passage, the current findings.A. prese

43、nt the working mechanism of the right and left brainsB. challenge the popular division of right- or left-brain learnersC. reveal the fundamental differences between artists and scientistsD.interpret the different cognitive processes in scientists and artistsWhich of the following can be the best tit

44、le for the passageA. Brainy ArtB. Learning ArtC. Arts TrainingD. Cognitive Science试卷二(Paper Two) Part V Writing (20%)Directions: In this part there is an essay in Chinese. Read it carefully and then write a summary of 200 words in English on the ANSWER SHEET. Make sure that your summary cover the ma

45、jor points of the essay.吃出健康健康自古以来就是人们追求的美好目标。近年世界卫生组织对影响人类健康的众多因素 进行评估，结果说明：遗传因素对身体健康的影响居于首位，为15%；膳食营养对人体健康 的影响仅次于遗传因素，为13%；然后是医疗条件因素，为8%o由此不难看出，膳食营养 对人体健康是多么重要。在今天，人们的生活水平显著提高，绝大多数人衣温食饱，营养不 良状况有了很大改善，但这不代表人们吃得健康了，由于大多数人的饮食结构不合理，营养 供应不平衡，所以维持不了身体的健康。为了维持身体健康，就必须把不同的食物搭配起来食用。现代营养学把食物分成了两大 类：一类主要是供应人

46、体热能的，我们叫主食;另一类是副食，如豆制品和蔬菜等。主食种类 很多，它们所含氟基酸，维生素，无机盐的种类和数量乂互不相同，故不能只用一种粮食作 为主食，应做到粗细粮合理搭配，副食中的肉类、蛋类、刻类、鱼类、海产类、豆类和蔬菜 等，都能提供丰富的蛋白质和人体必须的脂肪酸，磷脂，维生素钙磷镁碘等重要营养素， 对人体健康起着非常重要的作用，饮食的种类多种多样，所含营养成分各不相同，只有做到各 种食物合理搭配，才能使人体得到各种不同的营养，以满足生命活动的需要。膳食搭配的同时要注意季节引起食欲的变化。像夏季酷热多雨，人们往往食欲降低。消 化力也减弱，大多数人厌食肥肉和油腻食物，所以要注意食物的色、香

47、、味，尽力提高食欲， 使 身体能够得到全面足够的营养。合理搭配固然重要，但也应饮食有节，要注意饮食的量和进食时间。一是饮食要适量。 这是说人们吃东西不要太多，也不要太少，要恰到好处，饥饱适中，过饱不利于健康，但吃 太少也有损于健康。二是饮食应定时。一日三餐，食之有时，牌胃适应了这种饮食规律，到 时候便会做好消化食物的准备。同时烹调合理使食品色香味俱全，不仅增加食欲，而且有益 健康。当然健康饮食对于不同的职业来说也是不相同的。例如，的老师和学生都是脑力劳动 者，用脑较多，由于大脑的主要成分为卵磷脂，脑疲劳会损失卵磷脂，而深海鱼和蛋黄富含 卵磷脂。因此，建议每天吃，12个鸡蛋补充营养，每周吃一次海

48、鱼。此外，也应多补充含蛋 白质、糖、钙、铁、锌、维生素丰富的食物。如，禽肉、牛奶、苹果、豆制品等。所以，只有饮食从各方面做好了，才能将健康进行到底。2022年全国医学博士英语统一考试试题答案Part I Listening Comprehension Section A1 -5: DBCCB6-10: CBDAA11-15: DABABSection B 16-20:DABCD21-25:CBCDD26-30: CCADBPart IIPart IIVocabularySection A31-35: ACDBA31-35: ACDBA36-40:DCBAASection B:41-45: BACDB46-50:ADDDCPart III Cloze51-55: BCAAC51-55: BCAAC56-60: BBACCPart IV Reading ComprehensionPassage one61-65: DCCDBPassage two66-70: ADDADPassage three71-75: DAAACPassage four76-80: DCBBBPassage five81-85: CDDBAPassage six86-90: C