2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）试题.docx

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1、启用前注意保密 试卷类型：A2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）英 语本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动

2、，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASome beaches are perfect for relaxing, while others offer activities like hiking and water sports. Visit these beautiful beaches for an unforgettable

3、 vacation.Cannon BeachIf your perfect beach vacation spot features postcard-worthy scenery and peace, look no further than Cannon Beach. In this Pacific Northwest town, you can even build a fire on the beach to relax beside while watching the sun set. When you need a break from the beach, grab a bik

4、e and head downtown to explore its art galleries, shops and restaurants.Horseshoe Bay BeachFor a one-of-a-kind beach experience, head to Horseshoe Bay Beach on Bermudas South Shore. Known for its pink sand, this beach is a popular destination for families looking to play in the calm blue-green water

5、s and build blush-colored sandcastles. Adventure seekers can also take part in the self-guided island bicycle tour or engage in exciting water sports.Mohegan BluffsThis beach is famous for its natural beauty. Upon arrival, pause to admire your surroundings and learn about its ties to the native peop

6、le, their ancient traditions, and connection to the land, adding depth to your beach experience. Then, take the 141 steps down to the sand to sunbathe. After that, climb back up to visit the Southeast Light for an up-close view of its 18th-century lighthouse.South BeachThis tropical district on Flor

7、idas Atlantic Coast is world-renowned for its powdery white sand. Although technically part of the Miami Beach area, South Beach stands out due to its Art Deco architecture seen in everything from the beachfront lifeguard towers to the high-rise buildings along the famed Ocean Drive.21. What similar

8、ity do Cannon Beach and Horseshoe Bay Beach share? A. The chance to cycle around.B. Their lively artistic scene. C. The unique water sports.D. Their distinctive sand color.22. Who is most likely attracted to Mohegan Bluffs? A. Those seeking water sports.B. Fans of modern lighthouses. C. Those intere

9、sted in local culture.D. Enthusiasts of mountain climbing.23. What sets South Beach apart from the rest of the Miami Beach area? A. Its beach sand.B. Its architectural style. C. Its ocean drive.D. Its high-rise buildings.BYou are what you think. Whatever you are doing right now is determined by your

10、 thinking. All your emotions and desires are influenced by your thinking. The problem is that when you are not aware of your thinking, you have no chance of correcting it if it is poor. When thinking is subconscious, you are in no position to see any problems in it. And, if you dont see any problems

11、 in it, you wont be motivated to change it. Whats worse, few people realize the powerful role that thinking plays in their lives, so they dont gain significant command of it. As a result, most people are in many ways victims of their thinking.Consider your success as a student. The single most signi

12、ficant variable in determining your success as a student is the quality of your thinking. Your instructors will play a role in your learning, but even the best teachers cannot get into your head and learn for you. If you lack the intellectual skills necessary for thinking well through course content

13、, you will not be successful in school.Here is the key question we are putting to you in this book. If the quality of a persons thinking is the single most significant determinant of both happiness and success, why not take the time to learn from the best thinkers?This book will inform you of the to

14、ols that the best thinkers use and will illustrate the activities and practice you can use to begin to emulate them, and take control of your destiny as a thinker. Each chapter focuses on a different aspect of these thinking aids, helping you discover the power of your own mind and of your potential

15、 to think systematically about your thinking.This book, as a whole, introduces you to the tools of mind that will help you reason well through various challenges you face. If you take these ideas seriously and practice using them, you can improve the quality of your thinking and ultimately, the qual

16、ity of your life.24. Why do many people lack motivation to change their poor thinking? A. They are victims of emotions. B. They are unaware of the need. C. They think highly of themselves. D. They lack the academic guidance. 25. What plays the most crucial role in school success? A. The course conte

17、nt. B. The school environment. C. The commitment of teachers. D. The quality of an individuals thinking.26. What does the underlined word “emulate” mean in paragraph 4? A. Make friends with.B. Win over. C. Follow the example of.D. Look up to.27. The book is organized according to _. A. types of life

18、 challengesB. varieties of thinking tools C. determinants of life valueD. ideas of different thinkersCHuman history is full of horse stories like guiding cowboys home on foggy nights and taking wounded soldiers through battle zones. Such sensible and highly trained horses made Elina Jatel, a compute

19、r scientist and roboticist, think of robots. “A horse that can take a rider home on its own would be the highest level of autonomy,” Jatel says. “You trust them with your life.” She was drawn to learning how such relationships form and if it could help improve human-robot interactions.For a year, Ja

20、tel engaged herself in the horse world. She watched classes in horse training, and she also talked with students, instructors, trainers and horse owners. Along the way, Jatel even learned to ride.Horses learn signals from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people. People, too, must l

21、earn their part. Riders must learn what a horse wants or feels based on its behavior, and what signals to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways. Jatel found some similarities, here, to working with robots. People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks. They also must learn wh

22、at to do when robots dont perform as planned. The goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people. But like horses, autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change. For example, a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something,

23、even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going.Trainers and riders work with horses to build respect. Horses show that respect by matching their pace to a human or giving someone who is leading them a safe degree of personal space. Trainers begin their work with a horse by getting them to show

24、 signs of respect in basic interactions, Jatel says. Later, trainers will develop more complex interactions. Gradually, a horses respect can grow into trust.But that trust is not given. And there may be a similar limitation with robots. What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust e

25、ach other? For now, she adds, this is largely uncharted territory. But shes looking to build a path.28. What drew Elina Jatels attention to horses? A. Horses amazing performance. B. Long history of horse training. C. Horse-human interdependence.D. Her horse-riding experience.29. What are the robots

26、of the highest autonomy designed to do? A. To act like real horses. B. To show respect to humans. C. To follow instructions from humans. D. To make independent and sensible decisions.30. What will Jatels future research most probably focus on? A. The limitations of robots. B. Trust between robots an

27、d humans. C. Path toward higher robot efficiency. D. Similarities between horses and robots.31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. History of Human-Horse Relationship B. Secrets of Human-Animal Interactions C. The Role of Trust in Human-Robot Partnerships D. Horses as the Inspiration for

28、Autonomous RobotsDWhen we recall a memory, we bring back specific details about it. But we often also experience a vivid feeling of remembering the event. Memory researchers call these processes objective and subjective memory. A new study shows they can function independently and involve different

29、parts of the brain.“The study distinguishes between how well we remember and how well we think we remember, and shows that decision making depends primarily on the subjective evaluation of memory evidence,” says psychologist Denis Guetta. The researchers tested objective and subjective memory. After

30、 showing volunteers a series of images of common objects, the researchers showed them pairs of images and asked them to determine which of the two they had seen before. They were asked to rate the memory as “recollected” (vivid and detailed), or “familiar” (lacking detail). Some tests showed similar

31、 image pairs, others unrelated pairs. This setup measured objective memory based on recognition and subjective memory based on vividness.The researchers also used fMRI (功能性磁共振成像) to measure brain activity during this task. The results showed higher levels of objective memory with pairs of similar im

32、ages, but participants claimed vivid memories more with dissimilar pairs. They were more likely to base their decision about whether to keep or clear an image on memory feeling rather than accuracy. For example, a person could have a vivid memory of going to an event with friends. Some of the actual

33、 details of that memory might be a bit off, but they may feel it is a vivid memory, so they might decide to go out with the same people again.The fMRI data showed that objective and subjective memory engaged varied regions of the brain. The regions involved in subjective experiences were also involv

34、ed in decision making, supporting the connection between the two processes.“By understanding how our brains give rise to vivid subjective memories and memory decisions, we are moving a step closer to understanding how we learn to evaluate memory evidence to make effective decisions in the future,” s

35、ays researcher Analiz William.32. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A. By analyzing problems.B. By giving examples. C. By interpreting findings.D. By defining concepts.33. What were the volunteers asked to do during the study? A. To draw the images they had previously seen. B. To

36、compare details of objects they had been shown. C. To categorize their memory as recollected or familiar. D. To recall specific emotions related to the images shown.34. What does the research find out about decision making? A. Both types of memory have great influence on it. B. Our vivid memory help

37、s us make wise decisions. C. It mainly relies on subjective memory evaluation. D. Its decided by the accuracy of objective memory.35. What is Analiz Williams attitude towards the study? A. Optimistic. B. Tolerant.C. Doubtful. D. Dismissive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两

38、项为多余选项。For most of history, people lived in small groups of up to 150 people. Then villages and small towns developed, offering safety and support through the sharing of resources. As time passed, urban living brought additional advantages such as better jobs, schools and healthcare. Larger towns al

39、so gave people more chances to meet and interact. This is important. 36 Today, over half of the worlds population currently lives in towns and cities. But this has resulted in a strange paradox (悖论). Although social opportunities are one reason people choose to live in large cities, research suggest

40、s that city life can be lonely. 37 People from all over the world can join online communities and make virtual friends without leaving their home.The development of virtual communities can be traced back to the 1860s. Back then, telegraph operators exchanged messages and gradually formed friendships

41、 over long distances. 38 Later, in the 1960s, radios started to provide a means of short-distance communication and developed communities with their own unique language and usernames. 39 Computers were not very powerful yet, so people could post messages and share news and stories but not music or p

42、hotos. Still, people loved being able to make friends online and then hang out with them. As technology became more powerful, online communities for fun, education and business emerged, where people could explore a virtual 3D world, have online lessons, and even buy things with virtual money.These d

43、ays, there are thousands of virtual communities and that number keeps growing. Many people believe they will become more important. 40 Particularly, theyre concerned that posting personal information online might lead to a loss of privacy. So perhaps the future will be more like the past. People wil

44、l spend most of their time in real communities. A. This trend, however, is not likely to continue. B. As Aristotle said, the nature of humans is to be social. C. That may explain why virtual communities are so popular. D. The first popular online communities developed in the 1980s. E. Before cell ph

45、ones existed, radio was an easy way to communicate. F. Nevertheless, others worry about problems with these communities. G. This is among the earliest examples of virtual community interactions.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I vividly remember the d

46、ay when my husband and I set off on a new journey to Tanzania. He had been 41 a position there as a Civil Engineer. Accompanying him, my aim was to find a job shortly after. As you can imagine, I was very excited, even rather 42 , as Id never been abroad before. So, my first 43 was to get settled in

47、 this small town called Dodoma in the middle of Tanzania.As we got off the train, however, at six in the morning, a lady came rushing along the 44 towards us. Completely out of breath, she said, “Weve heard youre from England and our school 45 needs an English teacher please say youll help us.” I felt tired and 46 a shower after the journey. Though shocked by her 47 , for some reason or other, I agreed to 48 it!I washed, changed, had a quick bite to eat and was 49 to the two local teachers and my 50 at 8 oclock. It felt like being thrown into the deep end, as my teaching