全国最新押题卷英语（广东山东卷）（全解全析）.docx

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1、2024年高考考前押题密卷（广东山东卷）英语全解全析（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始。2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划

2、掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（原创试题） 题源：Adapted from: E About the AdventureTake on an exciting journey through the Ayung River, the longest rafting route in Bali, offering an

3、 unforgettable white-water rafting experience! With rapids ranging from level II to III, your adventure will span approximately 2 hours of heart-pounding excitement. Led by our knowledgeable and friendly raft guides, youll navigate the river safely while immersing yourself in Balis stunning natural

4、beauty. Gain unique insights into the rainforest as you tackle thrilling rapids and create lasting memories along the way.PackagesPriceAyung River Rafting Own TransportIDR 350/PersonAyung River Rafting Group of 2, including Return Hotel TransferIDR 550/PersonAyung River Rafting Group of 3 4, includi

5、ng Return Hotel TransferIDR 485/PersonAyung River Rafting Group of 5+, including Return Hotel TransferIDR 430/PersonTipsDress: We recommend wearing short pants or a swimsuit for comfort during the rafting adventure. Dont forget to bring a change of clothes for after the trip.Sun Protection: Apply su

6、nscreen generously to protect your skin from the tropical sun.Footwear: Be prepared for some walking with sturdy shoes, especially at the beginning and end of the tour where steep roads are encountered.Sustainability: Help reduce plastic waste by bringing your own plastic bags for wet clothes. While

7、 single-use raincoats are available, bringing your own is encouraged to minimize plastic usage.Extra Funds: Carry some extra cash for purchasing drinks and souvenirs to commemorate your Ayung River rafting experience.Dont miss out on this unforgettable adventure that combines the beauty of Balis nat

8、ural landscapes with the excitement of white-water rafting on the Ayung River! 1.What is the duration of the Ayung River rafting adventure mentioned in the passage?A) Approximately 1 hourB) About 2 hoursC) Around 3 hoursD) Over 4 hours2.According to the passage, what is recommended attire for partic

9、ipants of the Ayung River rafting trip?A) Long pants and a sweaterB) Swimsuit or short pantsC) Formal clothesD) Winter jacket and boots3.Which of the following statements about sustainability practices during the Ayung River rafting adventure is NOT true?A) Participants are encouraged to bring their

10、 own plastic bags for wet clothes.B) Single-use raincoats are available in case of rain.C) Bringing your own raincoat is recommended to reduce plastic usage.D) Plastic bags for wet clothes are provided by the tour company.【答案】1B 2B 3D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在巴厘岛阿永河进行漂流探险的体验。漂流路线全长，约为2小时，由专业的导游带领，漂流过程中将会遇到

11、级别为II到III的急流，让游客在激流中感受到刺激与快乐。同时，文章提供了不同的价格套餐供选择，并给出了一些建议，包括着装、防晒、穿鞋、可持续性以及额外费用等方面的建议。1.事实细节题。根据文章第一段，“Your adventure will span approximately 2 hours of heart-pounding excitement,”可知，阿永河漂流探险持续大约2小时。因此，正确答案为B) 。【2题详解】 事实细节题。根据文章第四段，“They recommend wearing swimsuits or shorts, along with water shoes or

12、 sandals for comfort,”可知，参与者推荐穿着泳衣或短裤。因此，正确答案为B) 泳衣或短裤。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容，提及了鼓励参与者携带自己的塑料袋用于装湿衣物，但没有提及旅行公司提供湿衣物用的塑料袋，因此选项D) 旅行公司提供湿衣物用的塑料袋是不正确的。选项A) 鼓励参与者携带自己的塑料袋用于装湿衣物，与文章内容一致。选项B) 提供一次性雨衣以备下雨时使用，与文章内容一致。选项C) 建议自带雨衣以减少塑料使用，与文章内容一致。因此，正确答案为D) 旅行公司提供湿衣物用的塑料袋。BGrowing up on the shores of Lake Huron in

13、 the Canadian province of Ontario, Robert Berdan was never far from water. When he was in sixth grade, he received a toy microscope for Christmas. Some of the first things he saw through its lens were tiny creatures inside droplets hed gathered from a local pond. He was fascinated with the microorga

14、nisms. After eighth grade, Berdan upgraded to a more sophisticated model and realized it was a portal to another world. “The new microscope changed my life,” he says. “I could see so much more.” He begar studying photography and buying cameras to fit on his microscope. He captured images of ferns, m

15、ushrooms, and trees, and learned how to develop film. He also developed his microscopy skills so much so that he earned a doctoral degree in cellular biology and spent five years running a lab at the University of Alberta in Edmonton. But Berdan never forgot his two early passions - being immersed i

16、n nature and photographing its tiny details - and he decided to return to them. His subjects range from snowflakes to spruce trees. To see the latter under a microscope, Berdan collects a small branch and wields specialized tools to shave off paper-thin slices, which he dyes red or blue. For the fin

17、al images, he often uses a process called focus stacking, in which similar photos with different focal planes are mixed together to achieve a more profound depth of field, and he sometimes sews photos together to create views. “I investigate anything that might have possibilities,” he says. And he e

18、ncourages others to do the same with a microscope. “Any tool that amplifies our ability to see will enhance our creativity,” he notes “Our observations can potentially lead to new discoveries and solutions.”4What inspired Berdan to pursue his passion for microscopic photography?AWorking in a cellula

19、r biology lab.BEarning a doctoral degree in cellular biology.CTiny microscopes from a local pond.DChildhood experiences near Lake Huron.5What is the main idea of the second paragraph?ABerdans childhood experience with microscopes.BBerdans reason for studying for a doctoral degree.CBerdans transition

20、 from amateur to professional.DBerdans hard work of running a lab in Edmonton.6What does the underlined word “amplifies” mean in the last paragraph?AExpands.BDecreases.CMixes.DChanges.7What can be inferred about Berdans skill in microscopic photography?AHe has received formal training in photography

21、 and microscopy.BHe mainly focuses on capturing images of various microscopes. .CHe experiments with different ways to enhance the depth of field.DHe is the most skilled biologist in capturing mushrooms and trees.【答案】4D 5C 6A 7C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Berdan在加拿大安大略省休伦湖畔长大，从小对水和其中的微生物充满好奇。六年级时，他收到了一台玩具显微镜，开

22、始观察微观世界。他鼓励其他人也使用显微镜，认为这样的工具能够增强我们的观察能力，激发创造力，并可能导致新的发现和解决方案。4细节理解题。根据第一段“Growing up on the shores of Lake Huron in the Canadian province of Ontario, Robert Berdan was never far from water. When he was in sixth grade, he received a toy microscope for Christmas. Some of the first things he saw throug

23、h its lens were tiny creatures inside droplets hed gathered from a local pond. He was fascinated with the microorganisms.(罗伯特伯丹(Robert Berdan)在加拿大安大略省的休伦湖岸边长大，从来没有远离过水。六年级时，他收到了一个玩具显微镜作为圣诞礼物。他通过镜头看到的第一批东西是他从当地池塘收集的水滴里的微小生物。他对微生物很着迷)”可知，是休伦湖附近的童年经历激发了伯丹对显微摄影的热情。故选D项。5主旨大意题。根据第二段“After eighth grade, B

24、erdan upgraded to a more sophisticated model and realized it was a portal to another world. “The new microscope changed my life,” he says. “I could see so much more.” He begar studying photography and buying cameras to fit on his microscope. He captured images of ferns, mushrooms, and trees, and lea

25、rned how to develop film. He also developed his microscopy skills so much so that he earned a doctoral degree in cellular biology and spent five years running a lab at the University of Alberta in Edmonton.(八年级后，伯丹升级到一个更复杂的模型，并意识到这是一个通往另一个世界的门户。“新显微镜改变了我的生活，”他说。“我可以看到更多。”他开始学习摄影，并为他的显微镜购买相机。他拍摄了蕨类植物

26、、蘑菇和树木的照片，并学会了如何冲洗胶卷。他还提高了他的显微镜技术，以至于他获得了细胞生物学的博士学位，并在埃德蒙顿的阿尔伯塔大学(University of Alberta)主管了五年的实验室)”可知，本段主要讲述了伯丹从业余到专业的转变。故选C项。6词句猜测题。根据后文“will enhance our creativity(都会增强我们的创造力)”可推知，本句表达“任何能增强我们观察能力的工具都会增强我们的创造力”之意，所以amplifies为“增强”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。7推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“To see the latter under a microscope,

27、Berdan collects a small branch and wields specialized tools to shave off paper-thin slices, which he dyes red or blue. For the final images, he often uses a process called focus stacking, in which similar photos with different focal planes are mixed together to achieve a more profound depth of field

28、, and he sometimes sews photos together to create views.(为了在显微镜下观察后者，伯丹收集了一根小树枝，并用专门的工具刮掉纸一样薄的薄片，然后把它们染成红色或蓝色。对于最终的图像，他经常使用一种称为焦点堆叠的过程，将不同焦平面的相似照片混合在一起，以获得更深刻的景深，他有时会将照片缝在一起以创造视图)”可知，从伯丹的显微摄影技巧可以推断出他试验了不同的方法来增强景深。故选C项。CWhen instant cake mixes first appeared in the 1950s, American housewives were dou

29、btful. These mixes, promising easy cake-baking, felt too easy. The manufacturers discovered that requiring the addition of an egg in the baking process was just enough to make the housewives happy with their work. The greater sense of effort gained from a little extra labor is believed to have been

30、essential to the later success of the cake mix. This reflects the IKEA effect (宜家效应), which is identified by psychologist Michael I. Norton and his colleagues, suggesting we place greater value on things we have worked to create. They conducted four studies in which they asked participants to fold p

31、aper cranes and frogs, assemble IKEA boxes, and build sets of Legos. They then asked the builders to bid (出价) for their creations, and compared the prices with bids from people who hadnt built them. The builders consistently outbid the non-builders. Interestingly, the IKEA effect works even when peo

32、ple have no opportunity to fully personalize their creations. While most participants folding skills left much to be desired, they loved their imperfectly personalized products all the more. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creations nearly five times as much as non-builders. Beauty, it see

33、ms, is in the eye of the builder.Today, as cities are suffering from severe housing crises, the IKEA effect can give us insight into the well-being benefits of a self-building approach to housing development. Projects like WikiHouse and the “half-a-house” approach pioneered by Alejandro Aravenas arc

34、hitecture company Elemental are working to make housing more affordable and sustainable by making it easier for people to build and personalize their own homes. “The moment people are involved with their built environment, they have a totally different relationship to it,” WikiHouse co-founder Alast

35、air Parvin explained. “When the roof starts leaking or a door starts creaking, they have the power to fix it themselves.”8What brought customers the joy of cake-baking according to paragraph 1?AA better taste.BAn easy approach.CA detailed recipe.DAn additional effort.9What does the underlined senten

36、ce in paragraph 3 imply?ACreations are based on skills.BExtra labor increases perceived value.CBeauty is found through contrast.DStrict management brings good quality.10What is Alastair Parvins attitude towards public involvement in housing?ACritical.BObjective.CDoubtful.DSupportive.11Whats the purp

37、ose of this text?ATo promote a brand.BTo make a proposal.CTo explain a concept.DTo introduce a study.【答案】8D 9B 10D 11C【导语】本文是说明文。本文通过讨论宜家效应以及几个实验研究的结果，论述了人们更加珍视自己亲手创造的东西，并由此引发了对自我建造住房的好处的思考。8细节理解题。根据第一段“The manufacturers discovered that requiring the addition of an egg in the baking process was just

38、 enough to make the housewives happy with their work. The greater sense of effort gained from a little extra labor is believed to have been essential to the later success of the cake mix.(制造商发现，在烘焙过程中加入一个鸡蛋就足以让主妇们对自己的工作感到满意。从一点点额外的劳动中获得的更大的努力感被认为是蛋糕粉后来成功的关键)”可知，额外的努力给顾客带来了蛋糕烘焙的乐趣。故选D项。9词句猜测题。根据前文“In

39、terestingly, the IKEA effect works even when people have no opportunity to fully personalize their creations. While most participants folding skills left much to be desired, they loved their imperfectly personalized products all the more. Builders valued their wrinkled crane-like creations nearly fi

40、ve times as much as non-builders.(有趣的是，即使人们没有机会完全个性化他们的作品，宜家效应也会起作用。虽然大多数参与者的折叠技巧还有很多不足之处，但他们更喜欢自己不完美的个性化产品。建筑商对他们皱巴巴的像起重机一样的创造物的估价几乎是非建筑商的五倍)”可知，本段主要讲述额外的劳动会让参与者更喜欢自己的作品，所以Beauty, it seems, is in the eye of the builder.意为“额外的劳动增加了感知价值”。故选B项。10推理判断题。根据最后一段“The moment people are involved with their b

41、uilt environment, they have a totally different relationship to it,” WikiHouse co-founder Alastair Parvin explained. “When the roof starts leaking or a door starts creaking, they have the power to fix it themselves.”(WikiHouse的联合创始人Alastair Parvin解释说：“当人们参与到他们的建筑环境中时，他们与环境的关系就完全不同了。”“当屋顶开始漏水或门开始吱吱作响

42、时，他们有能力自己修理。”)”可知，Alastair Parvin认为公众参与住房建设，他们与环境的关系就完全不同了，所以是持支持的态度。故选D项。11推理判断题。根据第二段“This reflects the IKEA effect (宜家效应), which is identified by psychologist Michael I. Norton and his colleagues, suggesting we place greater value on things we have worked to create. They conducted four studies in

43、 which they asked participants to fold paper cranes and frogs, assemble IKEA boxes, and build sets of Legos. They then asked the builders to bid (出价) for their creations, and compared the prices with bids from people who hadnt built them. The builders consistently outbid the non-builders.(这反映了心理学家迈克

44、尔i诺顿(Michael I. Norton)及其同事发现的宜家效应(IKEA effect)，即我们更看重自己努力创造的东西。他们进行了四项研究，要求参与者折叠纸鹤和青蛙，组装宜家盒子，搭建乐高积木。然后，他们要求建筑商为他们的作品出价，并将价格与没有建造这些作品的人的出价进行比较。建筑商的出价始终高于非建筑商)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要解释什么是宜家效应(IKEA effect)，所以本文的目的是解释一个概念。故选C项。DPower often boosts an employees creativity because being powerful liberates the indi

45、vidual from restrictions. However, new research shows that employees who are not in positions of power can become more creative when given time to “warm up” to a task by engaging in the creative task more than once.“This is important because when people with more power are able to express their crea

46、tive ideas more than those with less power, which leads to a rich-get-richer dynamic that strengthens these power imbalances,” said Brian Lucas, assistant professor in the Cornell University. “Understanding ways to boost the creativity of lower power workers can help them find the right way to deal

47、with this low-power disadvantage,” Lucas said.Lucas and his colleagues conducted two studies to reach their conclusionIn the first study, they divided the creative idea generation session into two rounds consisting of a one-minute “warm up” followed by a second round in which the participants could

48、take as long as they wantedParticipants were randomly assigned to a high-power condition or a low-power condition, and feelings of power were generated with a role manipulation (操纵) where participants were given a leadership role and control over resources (high power) or an employee role with no control over resources (low power). The study found that high-power individuals were more creative than low-power individuals in the warm-up roundThere was no difference, though, in creativity in the second round.In the second study, the