英语 选择性必修四-Unit 4 Grammar and usage-Project-（译林版2020选择性必修第四册）（解析版）.docx

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1、译林高中英语选择性必修四Unit 4 课后培优练 (Grammar and usage-Project)【Part A】 基础知识练习一、 英汉互译1. 使自己镇定下来2. 向某人试探地透露主意3. 提供实习培训4. allow for5. trial and error6. 将.同.结合起来7. 拥有对他们行业的清晰的理解8. 详细记录9. 在.期间10. 参加期末考试11. 呼吁某人做某事12. 在增加，在增长13. 推出一个线上学习平台14. launch me into a whole new world15. carve out a career16. in a flash17. 认

2、真思考，反思18. 紧紧抓住19. be alive with20. 深呼吸【答案】1. compose oneself 2. bounce ideas off sb3. offer hands-on training 4. 使有可能，考虑到5. 反复试验，不断摸索6. combine.with.7. with a clear understanding of their trade8. keep a detailed journal of.9. over the course of.10. sit the final exam11. call for sb. to do12. on the

3、rise13. launch an online learning platform14. 使我进入一个全新的世界15. 开创出一份事业16. 转瞬间，立即17. reflect on18. hold on tight to19. 充满（活的或动的东西）20. take a deep breath二、 根据提示填写正确形式的词汇1. Membership q you for a discount on purchases.2. It was ten in the morning but the (窗帘) were still drawn.3. Bradmans (数据) tell us he

4、was more than 50 per cent better than anybody else.4. But that possibility is faint, and the (前景) of another large employer ever using the site are even more remote.5. Any attempts to cut through the cabling(电缆) will break the electrical c .6. Theheavierthe (发动机), thebiggerthe batteries needed to po

5、wer it.7. He was made (教授) at the age of 40.8. Hotandcoldfoodisavailableinthe (自助餐厅).9. Thelevelof (能力)amonghospitalstaffwas not as high asexpected.10. If you feel d or short of breath, stop exercising immediately.11. The directors of finance, human resources and the parks and (娱乐) departments would

6、 no longer need this approval.12. By the end of the year, Jim had produced a first (草稿) of his new novel.13. The survey used a (随机的) sample of two thousand people across England and Wales.14. The ball b twice before he could reach it.15. One of my childhood (消遣) was collecting baseball cards.16. Exp

7、eriment with a variety of (训练，练习) in natural situations until you find the combination which is the most productive for you.17. After two years of college, the students have a much more m attitude.18. People now read on smartphones more frequently than on (平板电脑)and on (便携式电脑).19. Today the (制度) of m

8、onarchy(君主制) is not a topic of controversy in Britain.20. A variety of experimental technologies are being tested in the effort to find better ways to diagnose (胸) cancer.21. Students who complete the program receive a skills c along with their high school diploma(文凭).22. Almost all kids enjoy such

9、a (热闹场面).23. Female students under twenty-one were required to live in (宿舍).24. How long until they go the way of gas street (灯) and morning milk deliveries?【答案】1. qualifies2. curtains3. statistics4. prospect(s)5. circuit6. motor7. professor8. cafeteria9. competence10. dizzy11. recreation12. draft13

10、. random14. bounced15. occupations16. drills17. mature18. tablets; laptops19. institution20. breast21. certificate22. circus23. dormitories24. lamps三、 单句语法填空1. Hes never done this type of work before; Im not sure how hell fit with the other people【答案】in【解析】考查介词搭配。句意：他过去从未干过这种工作，很难说他是否会与其他人配合得好。fit i

11、n (with sb/sth)意为“（与）合得来；适应”。2. There are several (refer) books which can help you make your choice.【答案】reference【解析】句意：有几本参考书可以帮你作出选择。reference book意为“参考书”。3. Thewinningnumbersare (random)selectedbycomputer.【答案】randomly【解析】句意：中奖号码是由电脑随机选取的。空格处修饰动词are selected，故用副词形式。4. I always assist my parents in

12、 doing the dishes after meals. I also water the flowers in the yard tidy up my own bedroom whenever necessary.【答案】 and【解析】考查连词。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时打扫我自己的卧室。根据句意可知，water the flowers in the yard 与tidy up my own bedroom间为并列关系，故填and。5. Problems at work continued to (occupation) his mind for some time.【答案】o

13、ccupy【解析】句意：工作上的问题继续在他的脑海中萦绕了(占据)一段时间。根据句意和空格填的不定式符号to可知，空格处要填动词原形形式。6. Exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 【答案】when【解析】句意：准确地说，土豆是什么时候被引进欧洲的还不确定，但可能是在1565年左右。此处when引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。7. Some 24,000 moreticketswill be madeavailablebyphoneor inpers

14、onfor the three-day (extend).【答案】extension【解析】句意：三天的延长期还将通过电话订购提供大约24000张门票。根据句意可知填名词形式。8. The test qualifies you (drive) heavy vehicles.【答案】to drive【解析】句意：这项考试将使你有资格驾驶重型车辆。qualify sb. to do sth.意为“使某人有资格做某事”。9. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work a good impr

15、ession is a must.【答案】where【解析】句意：这本书在我的日常交流方面给予了我很大帮助，尤其是在必须给别人留下一个好印象的工作中。分析句子结构可知，先行词为抽象名词work，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。10. He was a loyal, distinguished and very (competence)civil servant.【答案】competent【解析】句意：他是一位敬业、优秀而且非常称职的公务员。空格处与前文loyal,distinguished并列，修饰后文的名词civil servant,因此填形容词形式。11. youcanslee

16、pwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstay motivatedafter one ortwonights.【答案】Unless【解析】考查连词。句意：除非你睡得好，否则一两个晚上之后，你会失去专注、计划和保持动力的能力。根据前后两个分句间的逻辑关系，应填“除非unless”。12. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.【答案】what【解析】试题分析:句意:读完了她的传记后，我对Doris Les

17、sing的文学成就很钦佩。介词for后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，故填what。13. James Watson, Philip Mayo and I gave a slide and video (present).【答案】presentation【解析】句意：詹姆斯沃森、菲利普梅奥和我利用幻灯片和视频进行了介绍。根据句意，空白处要填名词形式。14. We think shes extremely well (qualify)for the job.【答案】qualified 【解析】句意：我们认为她完全符合担任这项工作的条件。根据句意，空格处应填形容词形式。be qualified fo

18、r.意为“具备.的资历，资格”。15. The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.【答案】that【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。此处使用同位语从句说明suggestion的内容，而且同位语从句的成分和意思都是完整的，故用that引导，that不作成分，只起连接作用,故填that。四、 写出单词在下列句子中的中文意思1. occupation(1) I suppose I was looking for an o

19、ccupation which was going to be an adventure.(2) Her main occupation seems to be shopping.(3) Jerusalem(耶路撒冷)hasseenendlessconquests(征服)andoccupations.(4) The offices will be ready for occupation in June.【答案】(1)(C)工作，职业(2)(C)消遣；业余活动(3)(U)占领，侵占(4)(U)（土地、房屋、建筑等的）使用，居住，占用2. institution(1) He was transf

20、erred to Shoal Creek Mental Institution for an indefinite period.(2) Mr. Dawson worked in a financial institution.(3) Church leaders are meeting this week to discuss ways of preserving the institution of marriage.(4) Theyapprovedtheinstitution ofa new law.【答案】(1)(C)(精神病院、孤儿院等)社会收容机构(2)(C)（大学、银行、教会等规

21、模大的）机构(3)(C)制度，风俗习惯(4)(U)建立；设立；制定3. drill(1) I think we need an electric drill.(2) The teacher runs them through a drill the days of the week, the weather and some counting.(3) The Marines carried out a drill that included 18 ships and 90 aircraft.(4) There will be a fire drill next Monday.(5) Theyr

22、e drilling for oil off the Irish coast.(6) The children were drilled to leave the classroom quickly when the fire bell rang.【答案】(1)(n.)钻，钻头 (2)(n.)练习(3)(n.)训练，操练(4)(n.)（应对紧急情况的）演习（a fire drill消防演习）(5)(v.)钻（孔）；打（眼）(6)(v.)培训；训练4. tight(1) She walked off the plane in a miniskirt and tight top(上衣).(2) S

23、he just fell into my arms, clutching(抓紧) me tight for a moment.(3) The measures include tight control of media coverage(报道).(4) She twisted her hair into a tight knot.(5) There was a tight group of people around the speaker.(6) Were a tight group, so we do keep in touch.(7) The president has a tight

24、 schedule today.(8) Her throat felt tight, just looking at her baby.【答案】(1)(adj.)紧身的(2)(adv.)紧紧地，牢固地(3)(adj.)严格的，严厉的(4)(adj.)牢固的，紧的(5)(adj.)密集的，挤满的(6)(adj.)亲密的，关系紧密的(7)(adj.)紧的；拮据的；不宽裕的(8)(adj.)（由于疾病或情感）疼痛的，不适的，憋气的5. polish(1) She played the cello with the polish of a much older musician.(2) The sta

25、tement was carefully polished and checked before release.(3) Each morning he shaved and polished his shoes.(4) I give it a polish now and again.【答案】(1)(U)（表演的）完美，娴熟，精湛(2)(v.)修改；润饰；润色(3)(v.)（用擦亮剂等）擦，擦光，擦亮(4)(n.)抛光，上光五、 根据括号内的提示补全句子1. 职业教育的重要性不亚于学术教育，因为它可以使申请者有资格在特定领域工作。（教材原句回译）Vocational education is

26、 because it can 2. 我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。（教材原句回译） 3. 回家的路上给了我时间思考我的未来。（教材原句回译）The journey home 4. 参加社区活动是特别有价值的。(参与社区活动的价值怎么估计都不为过)（overestimate） 5. 不知不觉，天已经黑了。(before) 6. 这位作家在定稿之前通常一遍又一遍地修改他的作品。(polish)The writer usually 7. 我渐渐明白，我的父母爱我胜过爱他们自己。(dawn on) 8. 我心烦意乱，难以镇定思绪。(compose)I was so confused

27、 9. 她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。(reference) 10. 在课堂上，把你的注意力放在老师正在讲的内容上。(focus)In class, 【答案】参考译文1. 职业教育的重要性不亚于学术教育，因为它可以使申请者有资格在特定领域工作。（教材原句回译）Vocational education is no less important than academic education because it can qualify applicants to work in a particular field.2. 我几乎没想到我就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。（教材原句回译）L

28、ittle did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.3. 回家的路上给了我时间思考我的未来。（教材原句回译）The journey home gave me time to think about what the future might hold for me.4. 参加社区活动是特别有价值的。(参与社区活动的价值怎么估计都不为过)（overestimate）The value of participating in community activities cannot be ove

29、restimated. 5. 不知不觉，天已经黑了。(before)Before I knew it, it had been dark.6. 这位作家在定稿之前通常一遍又一遍地修改他的作品。(polish)The writer usually polishes his writing again and again before the final draft.7. 我渐渐明白，我的父母爱我胜过爱他们自己。(dawn on)It dawned on me that my parents loved me more than themselves.8. 我心烦意乱，难以镇定思绪。(compos

30、e)I was so confused that I could hardly compose my thoughts.9. 她没有提到她的病，只说了她未来的计划。(reference)She made no reference to her illness but only to her future plans.10. 在课堂上，把你的注意力放在老师正在讲的内容上。(focus)In class, focus your attention on what the teacher is saying.【Part B】 技能提升练习一、 阅读七选五（2021内蒙古包头高二期末）Lifelong

31、 learning is good for youIt is impossible for everyone to have access to additional formal education. Fortunately, many educational resources have made it easier for people to develop a habit of lifelong learning._1_The following points are reasons why you should stick to lifelong learning._ 2_ _ _I

32、n 2015 some researchers found people with a bachelors degree can earn much more than those just with a high school degree. In 2014 a report said that 50% of jobs would become unnecessary by 2025 due to technological development. New technology changes the nature of work and we need continuous learni

33、ng and personal growth to adapt ourselves to the changes. Open-mindedness and curiosity are beneficial to your career. People who enjoy learning are more active at work than those who dont. Now think of the most admirable colleagues you know. Do they tend to be knowledgeable about almost any topic o

34、f interest? Do they make insightful speeches on the topics they know best?_3 _Those you admire most are those who seem most devoted to learning and personal growth.Our ability to learn is a keystone of human motivation. Have you ever sat in a quiet place and finished a great novel? Do you remember t

35、he feeling of accomplishment when you solve a challenging task? Have you managed to conduct difficult experiments or create something new? Education may not always have influence on wealth, health or career._4 _.There are many reasons why we should continue learning. Lifelong learning isnt just an e

36、conomic necessity but a physical, emotional, and social one._5_Once you catch them, you will get one of the most rewarding things in your life.AWe live in an age full of opportunities for learning.BEducational input determines your competitiveness.CEducational level influences your work performance.

37、DDo they seem open-minded and intellectually energetic?ECatch the chance of lifelong learning, and youll be successful.FFor example, books, online courses, Moocs and so on are available.GBut it would obviously contribute to the special qualities and uniqueness of each one.【答案】FBDGA【解析】本文是说明文。文章说明了我们

38、应该坚持终身学习的几个理由。1. 空前一句提到“many educational resources have made it easier for people to develop a habit of lifelong learning.（许多教育资源使人们更容易养成终身学习的习惯。）”；F项“For example, books, online courses, Moocs and so on are available.（例如，书籍、在线课程、慕课等都是可以利用的。）”，其中“ for example”引出下文，“books, online courses, Moocs”是对空前一句

39、中的“many educational resources”的举出的具体例子。F项是顺承空前一句的话题，符合语境。故选F。2. 该空位于段落的首句，应该是该段的主题句；空后一句提到“people with a bachelors degree can earn much more than those just with a high school degree. （拥有学士学位的人比只有高中学历的人赚得更多）”；以及“People who enjoy learning are more active at work than those who dont.（喜欢学习的人在工作中比不喜欢学习的

40、人更积极。）”可知，本段主要陈述教育投入越多，竞争力就越强。 B项“Educational input determines your competitiveness.（教育投入决定了你的竞争力。）”可知作为本段主旨句，下文是对B项中“determine your competitiveness”的进一步具体说明。故选B。3. 空前一句提到“Now think of the most admirable colleagues you know. Do they tend to be knowledgeable about almost any topic of interest? Do the

41、y make insightful speeches on the topics they know best?（现在想想你认识的最令人钦佩的同事。他们是否对几乎所有感兴趣的话题都了如指掌?他们是否会就自己最熟悉的话题发表见解深刻的演讲?”）；D 项“Do they seem open-minded and intellectually energetic?（他们看起来思想开放、智力活跃吗?）是顺承上文的话题，其中“Do they? Do they? Do they? ”是三个并列的问句。故选D。4. 空前一句“Education may not always have influence o

42、n wealth, health or career.”说明教育可能并不总是对财富、健康或职业产生影响；G项“But it would obviously contribute to the special qualities and uniqueness of each one.（但很明显，它将有助于发展每个人的特殊品质和独特性。）”，其中but表示语义转折，“it”指代空前一句中的“education”。故选G 。5. 空后一句提到“Once you catch them, you will get one of the most rewarding things in your life

43、.（一旦你抓住了它们，你就会得到一生中最有回报的东西之一。）”；A项“We live in an age full of opportunities for learning.（我们生活在一个充满学习机会的时代。）”，空后一句中“ them”指代A项中的“opportunities for learning”。 故选A。二、 语法填空（2022上海高二）Why My Best Friend Is a BookWriting about beliefs is hard. It makes you reach deep into your soul and truly look at what is there. It requires time and effort, and then hits you in the face and someone in the background says “Oh, why didnt you think of that before?” B