英语 选择性必修四-精品解析：江苏省沭阳梦溪中学2021-2022学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）.doc

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1、沭阳县梦溪中学2021-2022学年度高二上学期第一次月考高二英语第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每 段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When is the train leaving?A. At 10:15 B.At 10:30 C. At 10:402. Where is Angela now?A. In the club B. In the classroom. C. In the dormito

2、ry. 3. What is the man busy doing recently? A. Looking after his grandparents B. Preparing for the trip to Japan C. Studying a language4. What are the speakers talking about? A. Saving money B .Writing articles C. Arranging work.5. What does the man prefer to do?A. Go for a walk B. Play computer gam

3、es C. See a movie 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回第6、7题。6. Why hasnt the womans order been dealt with? A. It was canceled B. It went wrong C. It was overlooked7. When will the womans order be done?A. In

4、 six weeks B. Early next monthC. By the end of the week 听下面一对话，回第8至10题。8. What did Bob do last night? A. He watched a football match B. He prepared for an examC. He did some housework 9. Where does the conversation take place? A. At Linda s homeB. In the classroom C. At Lindas office10 . What does L

5、inda advise Bob to do?A. Do his homework first B. Watch less TV at night C. Talk to his mother often 听下面一段对话、回答第11至13题。11. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife B. Boss and secretary C. Salesman and customer. 12. How did Mr Wellbore come? A. By ship.B. By train C. By plan

6、e 13. Who is Mr. Smith? A. The marketing managerB. The planning manager C. The sales manager. 听下面一段对话，回第14至16题14. What will the conference be about A. Places of interest in the US B. The history of Stanford C. Air pollution 15. How long will the conference last? A. One month B .Two weeksC .One week.

7、16. What is the man probably doing? A. Applying for a visaB. Holding a meeting. C .Having a class.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17. What does the speaker say about Hot Dog? A. BoringB .SeriousC. Funny 18. Which film does the speaker strongly recommend? A. First Things First.B. The Wolf ChildrenC. Aqua-technia19

8、. What can we learn about Aqua-technia?A David Bodine is the starring role in itB. It is based on real scientific research C. The acting Is wonderful and vivid20. What kind of film is The Wolf Children?A. Comedy. B. Science fiction C . Horror第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四

9、个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ADowneys mother spent one year studying abroad through an international exchange program with a French school. She often talked about how exciting and interesting the experience was. So, even before finishing high school, Downey had decided to follow suit one day.Downey began st

10、udying architecture at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania in 2004. Near the end of her second year, she started to feel unhappy with her school and decided it was time to study abroad.U. S. colleges and universities commonly have joint programs with foreign schools that permit student exch

11、anges. These programs usually last half a school year or sometimes a whole school year. The classes students take abroad usually give them credits toward their degree. In a fouryear degree program, the third year is the most common time for American college students to study abroad. Many students th

12、ink they need a change before what is usually their final and most difficult year of study.Downey said her school did not want her to go at first. The architecture program at Lehigh was very intense, and her professors were worried she might miss learning important material. However, she was eventua

13、lly able to get special permission to study internationally for a whole year. During the fall term in 2006, she attended a Danish international school in Copenhagen, Denmark, explaining she did so because Danish architects are well known for their housing design.Young adult as she was, she had to de

14、al with travel documents and many other issues (问题) on her own. Overcoming the language barrier is the biggest challenge of studying abroad. However, she had a lot of emotional (情感的) and financial support from her family. She learned life lessons and made friendships and memories that have lasted to

15、 this day. She said, “The more youre out of your comfort zone, the more rewarding the experience is in the end.”1. What does Downeys mother mean to Downey?A. A friend.B. A dreamer.C. An example.D. An expert.2. What made Downey choose the Danish international school?A. The famous learned professors.B

16、. The casual learning environment.C. The impressive academic reputation.D. The favorable geographical location.3. What can we infer according to the last paragraph?A. It was not easy for Downey to study abroad.B. The comfortable life is likely to ruin the future life.C. Downey was too young to take

17、care of herself.D. Downeys parents could hardly afford her education.【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国女孩唐尼的出国留学之路。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Downeys mother spent one year studying abroad through an international exchange program with a French school. She often talked about how exciting and interesting

18、 the experience was. So, even before finishing high school, Downey had decided to follow suit one day.”可知，唐尼的妈妈曾参加过一个法国学校的国际交流项目，在国外学习了一年，她经常谈论那次经历是多么令人兴奋和有趣，所以甚至在高中毕业之前，唐尼就已经决定有一天也要像妈妈一样出国留学，由此可知，唐尼的妈妈在她眼中是个优秀的榜样，故C项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“During the fall term in 2006, she attended a Danish internat

19、ional school in Copenhagen, Denmark, explaining she did so because Danish architects are well known for their housing design.”可知，2006年秋季学期，唐尼就读于丹麦哥本哈根的一所丹麦国际学校，她解释说她这样做是因为丹麦建筑师以房屋设计而闻名，故C项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“she had to deal with travel documents and many other issues (问题) on her own. Overcoming

20、the language barrier is the biggest challenge of studying abroad.”及“youre out of your comfort zone”可知，唐尼在国外不得不独自处理包括旅行证件在内的许多问题，还要克服出国留学的最大挑战语言障碍，还要走出自己的舒适区，也就是说唐尼的留学生活并不容易，故A项正确。BHuge areas of the Amazon, which serves as the lungs of the planet by taking in carbon dioxide and producing oxygen, are

21、burning. Smoke from the widespread fires have turned day into night in Sao Paulo. The fires have covered the Brazilian city of San Paulo in dark smoke, and raising concerns that the rainforest, which is one of the most biologically diverse regions on earth.The recent Amazon fires have been widesprea

22、d and some happened rather suddenly. Farmers cleared land for agriculture and also burned areas of rainforest for further development. Cleared rainforests in this region are typically used for cattle farming and growing soybeans, and much of the land-clearing is done illegally. One contributing fact

23、or to the fires in the Amazon is the fact that it is the dry season there, the time of year when wildfires tend to break out from human activities, either intentionally or by accident.The Amazon, which spans 2.12 million square miles, sucks up about a quarter of the 2.4 billion metric 57 tons of car

24、bon that global forests absorb each year. However, the ability of the rainforest to pull in more carbon than it releases is diminishing weakened by changing weather patterns, deforestation and increasing tree mortality（死亡率）, among other factors.According to the European Unions Copernicus Climate Cha

25、nge Service, the fires have led to a clear increase in carbon monoxide- emissions as well as planet-warming carbon dioxide emissions, posing a threat to human health and aggravating global warming.If the Amazon were to turn into a consistent net source of carbon emissions, it would accelerate global

26、 warming while also leading to a huge loss in species that are not found anywhere else on earth.4. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. The introduction of the Amazon firesB. The seriousness of the Amazon firesC. The likely causes of the Amazon firesD. The influence of the Amazon fires5. Wha

27、t does the underlined word diminishing in paragraph 3 mean?A. loweringB. decreasingC. increasingD. enlarging6. Which of the following is not mentioned as a result of the Amazon fires?A. human healthB. global warmingC. deforestationD. species loss7. What can be a suitable title for the passage?A. Ama

28、zon: Where have all the trees gone?B. Cutting trees should be prohibited in AmazonC. Why are trees so important in AmazonD. Amazon fires could accelerate global warming and causing lasting harm to us【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了亚马逊地区作为地球之肺的重要意义，造成亚马逊大火的几个可能因素以及对全球和人类造成的危害。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据

29、第二段中“Farmers cleared land for agriculture and also burned areas of rainforest for further development. （农民为了农业生产，会清理土地，为了长远发展也会焚烧雨林。）One contributing factor to the fires in the Amazon is the fact that it is the dry season there,（亚马逊大火的一个促成因素就是那儿正值干季。）”可知，第二段主要是列举了造成亚马逊大火的几个可能因素。故选C。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段

30、中“However, the ability of the rainforest to pull in more carbon than it releases is diminishing weakened by changing weather patterns, deforestation and increasing tree mortality（死亡率）, among other factors.（但是，雨林的吸碳能力相较于排碳能力，正在下降，它的能力的削弱是由不断变化的天气模式、森林采伐、不断上升的树木死亡率以及其他因素造成的。）”可知，由于这些因素导致雨林的能力削弱，所以它的吸碳

31、能力相较于排碳能力，是下降的。decrease意为“减少，降低”。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“posing a threat to human health and aggravating global warming.（给人类健康造成了威胁，也加重了全球变暖。）”以及第五段中“ it would accelerate global warming while also leading to a huge loss in species that are not found anywhere else on earth.（会加速全球变暖，同时也会导致那些在地球上并不是随处可见

32、的物种大量缺失。）”可知，亚马逊大火对人类健康、全球变暖以及物种减少都造成了影响，但是文中并没有提及对采伐森林的影响，且根据第三段中“the ability of the rainforest to pull in more carbon than it releases is diminishing weakened by changing weather patterns, deforestation and increasing tree mortality, among other factors.”可知，采伐森林是造成亚马逊大火的可能因素之一，并不是大火产生的结果和影响。故选C。【7

33、题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“If the Amazon were to turn into a consistent net source of carbon emissions, it would accelerate global warming while also leading to a huge loss in species that are not found anywhere else on earth.（如果亚马逊成为碳排放的一个持续的净源，它将加速全球变暖，同时也会导致那些在地球上并不是随处可见的物种大量缺失。）”可知，文章介绍了造成亚马逊大火的几项可能因素以及带

34、来的危害和影响，都是为了说明亚马逊大火可能会加速全球变暖且对人类造成持久的危害这一主旨。故选D。CScientists have found amounts of water molecules inside rocks and soil samples from Mars before. But an ancient meteorite (陨石) found recently contains 10 times more water and much more oxygen than any Martian I meteorite ever before discovered.Whats s

35、o wild about this wet discovery? It could mean that the Red Planet once had enough water to have liquid flowing on the planets surface.It was once believed that if Mars ever had water at all, its water would have been small amounts of ice below the surface or existing in the soil only as hydrogen an

36、d oxygen-the elements that make up water. But recent discoveries have shown that Mars probably had a much wetter history than formerly thought.The meteorite, nicknamed Black Beauty, was found in Africas Sahara Desert in 2011. Only about 110 meteorites from Mars have ever been found. Scientists belie

37、ve most Martian meteorites arrived on our planet during one large asteroid crash (小行星碰撞) that sent rocks falling toward Earth long ago.Black Beauty is about 2.1 billion years old. Its discovery is the first time scientists have been able to study such an ancient Martian rock. Its also one of the fir

38、st times scientists have been able to study a piece of the panels ancient surface.The samples water molecules were sent out when scientists heated the meteorite to analyze it. Scientists think the meteorites hydrogen and oxygen molecules are so plentiful because water flowing on Mars at the time thi

39、s meteorite fell to Earth, or because these molecules were once sealed in large quantities in Marss crust.Black Beauty might do more than just unlock secrets from the Red Planets past. These discoveries could also help scientists understand new data about Mars thats being sent from the robotic rover

40、s currently gathering information on the planet.8. People used to think that .A. there was little water on MarsB. Mars had a lot of flowing waterC. a large quantity of ice was MarsD. Mars was much wetter than Earth9. What do we know about Black Beauty?A. It was discovered in Seattle in the USA.B. It

41、 is the biggest of 110 meteorites from Mars.C. It landed on Earth after an asteroid crash.D. It has a history of 2.1 million years.10. How did the scientists research Black Beauty?A By cutting it into pieces.B. By dipping it into water.C. By burning it on a fire.D. By burying it into a desert.11. Th

42、e passage is mainly about .A. a rock from the center of Mars.B. a major Martian meteorite discoveryC. a new discovery on the Red PlanetD. a number of meteorites from Red Plane【答案】8. A 9. C 10. C 11. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过研究一个火星陨石得到的新发现火星上含有大量的水。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was once believed that if Mars eve

43、r had water at all, its water would have been small amounts of ice below the surface or existing in the soil only as hydrogen and oxygen（曾经有人认为，如果火星上有水的话，它的水可能是地表下的少量冰，或者只以氢和氧的形式存在于土壤中）”可知，人们以前认为火星上几乎没有水，可能会有少量的冰。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Scientists believe most Martian meteorites arrived on our planet

44、 during one large asteroid crash (小行星碰撞) that sent rocks falling toward Earth long ago.（科学家们相信，大多数火星陨石是在很久以前的一次小行星撞击中到达地球的，那次撞击导致岩石坠落到地球上）”可知，Black Beauty是小行星碰撞后落到地球上的，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The samples water molecules were sent out when scientists heated the meteorite to analyze it.（当科学家加热陨石进行分析

45、时，样品中的水分子被释放出来）”可知，科学家们通过加热Black Beauty来研究它里面的水，故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Scientists have found amounts of water molecules inside rocks and soil samples from Mars before. But an ancient meteorite (陨石) found recently contains 10 times more water and much more oxygen than any Martian I meteori

46、te ever before discovered.（科学家以前在火星的岩石和土壤样本中发现了大量的水分子。但是最近发现的一颗古代陨石所含的水和氧气是以往发现的任何火星一号陨石的10倍）”可知，文章主要介绍研究一个火星陨石得到的新发现火星上含有大量的水。故选B。DFor decades, China had wanted a Nobel Prize in science. Tu Youyou, a researcher who helped to develop a malaria（疟疾）medicine, finally won the country that honor.In fact,

47、 Tu is not the only scientist in China who is catching the worlds attention. In 2016, the Nature journal published a list of the top 10 science stars in China. Gao Caixia and Cui Weicheng are two of them.Gao Caixia has been devoted to genetic engineering for her whole career. She is known for using

48、CRISPR-Cas9, the revolutionary gene-editing technique that is sweeping through biology labs around the world in crops.At first, Gao was unwilling to take up gene editing using CRISPR-Cas9 because her lab at the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology in Beijing had already created mutations（变异）in 82 genes using an older type of technology. But after thinking carefully a