示例解析09 倒装句或强调句等构成的长难句-高考英语长难句典型结构示例与解析(通用版).doc

《示例解析09 倒装句或强调句等构成的长难句-高考英语长难句典型结构示例与解析(通用版).doc》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《示例解析09 倒装句或强调句等构成的长难句-高考英语长难句典型结构示例与解析(通用版).doc（12页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、教育资源分享店铺 网址： 微信号：kingcsa333高考英语长难句典型结构示例与解析(通用版) 09倒装句、强调句或插入语构成的长难句1.We need to thank the great men of the past for the wisdom to know that we dont know it all and probably never will, for that would mean a world without questions. 【句式翻译】我们要感谢历史上伟人的才智，它让我们懂得我们不是什么都懂，将来也不会什么都懂，因为如果我们什么都懂，那将意味着一个毫无疑问

2、的世界。【句式分析】该句是for连接的并列句。第一个分句的主干是We need to thank for ，to know that做the wisdom的定语。而第二个分句中的that代上文的we dont know it all and probably never will，谓语部分是虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。【词语点拨】1) wisdom n.智慧；明智；聪明；至理名言She had acquired much wisdom during her long life. 她一生积累了很大的智慧。 2) probably adv.大概；或许；很可能That hotel probabl

3、y costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那间旅馆的住宿费一晚大约要20元。 【语法点拨】表示因果关系的并列连词主要有so，for，then，therefore等。并列连词for引导的分句只能放在句尾，前面用逗号隔开，表示补充说明的微弱理由，只是为前面的内容提供判断的理由。这与because不同，because引导的是一种明确的因果关系，解释原因，常可回答why的提问。如：The air here is polluted, so the crops are dying.这里的空气受到了污染，所以庄稼快死了。The leaves of the trees

4、are falling, for its already autumn.树叶在落下，因为秋天已经到来了。2.Fierce competition has convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems. 【句式翻译】尽管顾客可能会因天气、无人认领的行李和技

5、术问题造成的延误而生气，但是激烈的竞争已经让他们深信让顾客高兴是一个重要的营销手段。 【句式分析】该句是由while连接的并列句。第一个分句中that引导convinced的宾语从句；第二个分句是个there be句型，主语是potential。【词语点拨】unclaimed adj.无人认领的；无人要求的；所有主不明的Unclaimed baggage will be sold by auction after six months.无人领取的行李将在6个月后予以拍卖。【语法点拨】表示转折关系的并列连词有but, yet, still, while等。如：The winter in Beij

6、ing is very cold while that of Kunming is warm.北京的冬天很冷，然而昆明的冬天却很温暖。I explained twice, still he couldnt understand.我解释了两遍，然而他却还不懂。3.Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air. 【句式翻译】有些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是发生在一件意外事故之后，当时

7、宇宙间一块巨石击中地球因而在空气中扬起太多的尘土。 【句式分析】该句是一个主从复合句，主句的谓语动词是think，其宾语从句引导词that被省去。实际上该宾语从句也是一个复合句，when引导定语从句修饰an unexpected incident。【词语点拨】incident n.事变；事件；插曲She couldnt erase the incident from her memory. 她难以忘记那次事件。【语法点拨】关系副词when的用法：主要用于修饰表示时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语，先行词可能是time，day，year等明显表示时间的名词，也可以是一些表示较为隐性的时间

8、名词，如occasion，incident，class等。如：There comes a time when you have to make a choice. 你必须作抉择的时候到了。Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 他们为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。There were several occasions when I had the same feeling as you. 曾经有几次我跟你一样也有这样的感受。4.When you arrive you are rewarded not only by the si

9、ght of the crystal clear waters of the Lake of Heaven, but also by the view of the other sixteen mountain peaks that surround Tianchi. 【句式翻译】你一到达山顶就会得到回报-你不仅可以看到天池那清澈如镜的湖水, 而且还可以看到天池周围的16座山峰。 【句式分析】整句的主句是一个含有被动语态You are rewarded的句子，其中not onlybut also连接两个by短语。句首的when引导的是主句时间状语从句，而句尾的由that引导的定语从句修饰mou

10、ntain peaks。【词语点拨】reward n.报答；赏金；报酬 vt.奖赏；给 . 报酬。 【语法点拨】并列连词not onlybut also的用法：用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其意为“不仅而且”；其中的also有时可以省略。若连接两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近的主语保持一致。若连接两个句子，not only后面的句子要用倒装，但but also不用倒装。如：She not only plays well, but also writes music. 她不仅很会演奏，而且还会作曲。Not only you but also he has to leave. 不只

11、是你，他也得离开。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 他不仅说得更正确，而且讲得更不费劲了。5.If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, dont forget to drop a coin into the clear, blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself. 【句式翻译】如果

12、你有幸同你所爱的人去游天池, 别忘了投一枚硬币到清澈碧蓝的水中, 以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚持久。 【句式分析】该句是由if引导的条件状语从句和作主句的祈使句连接在一起。if从句中的不定式作enough的结果状语；主句句尾的to guarantee是drop的目的状语，其中还含有一个asas的结构。【词语点拨】1) guarantee n.保证(书)；担保(人)；抵押品 vt.保证；担保 I guarantee that this will not happen again. 我保证此类事情不会再发生2) lasting adj.永恒的；永久的This agreement will pav

13、e the way for a lasting peace. 该协议将为持久和平铺路。 【语法点拨】动词不定式在句子中可作原因状语、结果状语和目的状语。作原因状语往往用于形容词后，这些形容词有happy, ashamed, sorry, glad，delighted, angry, discouraged, shocked等；作目的状语置于句首时，通常用逗号与句子隔开；如果置于句末，前面则不用句号。作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+ so to，such+名词+ as to，too . to，enough to .等结构。也可与only或just连用，表示出乎意料的结果。如：He got

14、nearer to see clearly.为了看清楚，他靠得更近了些。To improve their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.为了改进服务，这个宾馆的工作人员积极学习英语。The boy is not tall enough to reach the bookshelf. 这个男孩不够高，够不到书架。They were proud to have found the cave paintings. 找到洞穴壁画他们很骄傲。6.One day as he was experimentin

15、g with one end of a straw joined to a deaf mans ear drum and the other to a piece of smoked glass, Bell noticed that when he spoke into the ear, the straw drew sound waves on the glass.【句式翻译】有一天做实验时, 贝尔把一根干草的一端和一个聋子的耳鼓膜连接起来, 把干草的另一端和一块被烟熏过的玻璃连接起来，这时他发现当他对着耳朵说话时, 这根干草就把声波画在被烟熏过的玻璃上。【句式分析】该句的主句是Bell n

16、oticed that，从句是as引导的时间状语从句。主句中that引导的宾语从句又是一个复合句，由when引导的时间状语从句和后面的主句共同构成。而在句首的as引导的时间状语从句中，还含有两个“with + 宾语+宾补（过去分词）”的结构，且第二个结构中the other前面省略了with，后面省略了joined。【词语点拨】1) experiment with 用. .作试验；试用Small businesses are anxious to experiment with computers. 小型企业都急于试用计算机。2) join to 和.接触；与.相连Our house is j

17、oined to Mr. Sus. 我们的房子和苏先生的房子相连。 【语法点拨】with复合结构是由“with + 宾语+宾补”构成，宾语由名词或代词充当，宾补由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词或过去分词充当。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件。With结构在句中也可以作定语。without也可以用于该结构。如：She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold. 她走进房间，因为寒冷鼻子通红。She fell asleep with the light burning. 她睡着了

18、，灯还亮着。Without anything left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.橱柜里什么也没剩，所以她出去找吃的了。7.She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped. 【句式翻译】快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。 【句式分析】该句是一个由when连接的并列句。【词语点拨】arrest vt.逮捕；阻止；吸引（注意力）n.拘留；阻止The

19、 police arrested the thief. 警察逮捕了小偷。The great noise arrested his attention from the book.挺大的动静把他的注意力从书本上给吸引走了。【语法点拨】when作并列连词, 表示“就在此刻(and just then)” , “突然(and suddenly)”，起修辞的作用，表示后一动作的发生的出乎意料，而前面一句是为后一句谓语动词的发生提供背景。注意以下几个句子中when前后两个分句中的时态特征及汉语意思。如：She was about to say something when she noticed the

20、 sullen look on his face 她刚要说些什么，却突然看到了他阴沉的脸色。 The children were playing football on the playground, when it began to rain 孩子们正在操场上踢足球，突然下起了大雨。 I had hardly gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang 在劳累了一天之后, 我刚要上床睡觉，这时电话响了。 8.Only through the united efforts of people with hope, can we b

21、e fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future. 【句式翻译】只有通过充满希望的人们团结努力，我们才能安全地与错误地使用科学的现象作斗争，才能让科学在将来最好地服务于人类。 【句式分析】该句为并列句，由and连接起来，而句首的only做方式状语。【词语点拨】effort n.努力；努力的成果They are making every effort to decrease the production cost. 他们正尽力减少生产成本。 【语法点拨】副词onl

22、y置于句首，强调方式、条件、地点、时间等状语时，主句要进行部分倒装。如果被only所强调的状语为从句，该从句不倒装，只对主句进行倒装。如果放于句首的only所修饰的不是状语时，该句不用倒装。如：Only in a big city was it possible to buy a new wheelchair. 只有在大城市里才能买到新轮椅。Only when we had studied the data again did we realize that there was a mistake. 只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候， 我们才意识到出了一个错。Only John can sa

23、ve me. 只有约翰能够救我。（强调的是主语，不到装）9.Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. 【句式翻译】要是当时我的邻居以同情的语气告知我暴雨要来临的话，我会很感激他的提醒的。 【句式分析】该句是一个主从复合句，但从句是一个含蓄虚拟条件句，引导词if被省去而将had提至句首。【词语点拨】1) sympathy n.同情；同情心；同感I felt much sympathy for the blind. 我对盲人深感同情。

24、2) appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识；感激；领会 I would appreciate it if you could reply soon. 如若你能及时回信我将不胜感激。【语法点拨】当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，将were, should, had置于句首，多用于书面语。如：Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us. 如果她在这儿的话

25、，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。10.No sooner had they moved in than the noise began and rarely did they get a full nights sleep. 【句式翻译】他们刚一搬进去噪音就开始了，因此他们几乎没睡过个囫囵觉。 【句式分析】该句是由and连接的两个并列分句，都采用了部分倒装的语序。【词语点拨】rarely adv.很少；难得She r

26、arely went anywhere except to her office. 她除了办公室很少去别的地方。【语法点拨】英语中否定词放句首要采用部分倒装的语序。常见否定词有：rarely，hardly，never，neither，nor，seldom等副词，以及表示否定意义的词组at no time，in no case，under no circumstances等，意思是“很少地”“及几乎从不”。 如：Rarely did he fail to keep his promise. 他真的很少失信于人。Hardly had I got to the office when the bos

27、s called me to see him upstairs.我刚到办公室，老板就喊我到楼上去见他。11.Not only did Fortune introduce over 120 species of plants to Western gardens but he also shipped 20,000 tea plants from Shanghai to India, where a successful tea industry was established. 【句式翻译】福琼不仅把120种植物引入西方园林，而且还把两万株茶树用船从上海运到了印度，印度的制茶工业就成功地发展起

28、来了。 【句式分析】该句的主干是not onlybut also 连接的并列句，第一个分句中含有倒装语序，第二个分句是一个复合句，主句在前，where引导的定语从句在后，其先行词是where。【词语点拨】species n.（单复同形）物种；种类There are more than 1,000 alien species in China. 中国的外来物种有1000多种。【语法点拨】并列连词not onlybut also若连接两个句子，not only所在的句子要用倒装。12.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into

29、 a shop and buy one thing.【句式翻译】那种无它可选、轻松购物的日子一去不复返了。 【句式分析】此句是复合句，其主句是倒装句，为主系表结构。表语the days由when引导的定语从句来修饰。【词语点拨】with ease 容易地；不费力地They might have solved the problem with ease. 他们本来可以容易地解决这个问题。【语法点拨】有时英语中由于句子结构的需要或表示强调，要将谓语动词完全移到主语前，进行完全倒装。常见句式有“there be+主语”、“副词here，there，now，then，up，down，out，in，aw

30、ay +谓语动词+主语”、“表语+连系动词+主语”（表语常为形容词、过去分词或介词短语）等。如：There are 20 women waiting outside the hospital. 有20个女的等在医院外面。Out rushed the boy, gun in hand. 这个孩子冲了出来，手里拿着枪。Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.它们可以对中国人为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。13.Not only will a lodger earn you an income,

31、 but also, thanks to the government- backed “rent a room” program, you wont have to pay any tax on the first4500 you make per year. 【句式翻译】不但房客会让你赚到钱，而且由于政府支持的租房项目，每年你首次挣的4500均不需要缴税。 【句式分析】该句主干是一个由not onlybut also连接的并列句。第二个分句是一个复合句，其中介词短语thanks to做原因状语，the first4500又有自己的定语从句。【词语点拨】1) earn vt.赚得；赢得；获得

32、He works hard, but he does not earn much money. 他工作努力，但赚钱不多。 2) back vt.支持；后退Ill back you up no matter whats happening. 不论发生什么事,我都会支持你。 【语法点拨】并列连词not onlybut also若连接两个句子，not only所在的句子要用倒装。14.Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB (Library of Birmingham), but the virtual one has al

33、so enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens. 【句式翻译】公众不但能够了解伯明翰图书馆，而且虚拟的图书馆使得在图书馆工作人员在它开放前就了解它和它的工作原理。 【句式分析】该句主干是一个由not onlybut also连接的并列句。第二个分句是一个复合句，how引导的从句和the building共同充当understand的宾语。另外，understand还有一个before引导的时间状语从句。【词语点拨】1) virtual

34、 adj.实质的；【计】虚拟的A virtual state of war exists between the two countries. 这两国间实际上处于战争状态。2) enable vt.使能够；使可能Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed. 听音乐能使我们放松。【语法点拨】并列连词not onlybut also若连接两个句子，not only所在的句子要用倒装。15.he researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they

35、 often failed to take into account those people most at risk for skin cancer people with fair skin and freckles, for example are more likely to use sunscreen. 【句式翻译】研究员们说，早期研究带来的问题之一是他们没有考虑到那些最有可能患皮肤癌的人比如皮肤白皙和有雀斑的人更有可能使用防晒剂。【句式分析】句子的主体结构为复合句。主句The research said that中that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中又含有一个倒装结构的复合句，tha

36、t they often fail .是主语从句，表语为among the problems with .。在第二个that引导的从句中又含有一个复合句，谓语take into account的后面接的是一个省略了引导词that的宾语从句，其主干是those peopleare more likely to，破折号间为插入语。【词语点拨】1) take into account vt.考虑；注意；顾及；体谅 There are a number of practical considerations that must be taken into account.有许多现实的情况必须要顾及到。

37、2) at risk for 面临的风险。【语法点拨】宾语从句的引导词that一般可以被省略，但在下列几种情况下，一般不省：介词后、有两个及以上从句时、谓语与that之间有插入语、或有其他从属连词时。如：Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless. 彼得是好学生，只是有时粗心。My uncle says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month. 我叔叔说他在这儿工作已二十年了，下个月即将退

38、休。He said that, if he could manage it, he would come for dinner. 他说，如果他安排得好的话，他会来吃晚饭的。He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night. 他告诉我，如果需要的话，他们就干个通宵。16.It was not until November 13, 1956 that the US Supreme Court declared separation on buses was not constitutional. 【句式翻译】直到1956年1

39、1月13号，美国最高法院才判定公交车上的种族隔离不合宪法。 【句式分析】这是一个含有强调句式的复合句。被强调的是主句的谓语动词declared的时间状语，被放在了It wasthat之间。that后面接的是句子的主干部分和省略了引导词that的从句，作declared的宾语。【词语点拨】declare v.宣布（声明）；申报；声明Britain declared war on Germany in 1914. 英国在1914年向德国宣战。【语法点拨】that引导动词的宾语从句时一般可省。17.We all want to honor our own name, and it is only b

40、y stamping our expression of an opinion with our own name that we honor what we say. 【句式翻译】我们都想为自己的名字争光，而要赋予我们的言论以尊严, 唯一的途径就是用名字为我们发表的意见加盖印章。 【句式分析】该句是由and连接的并列句。第二分句是强调句型，被强调的是方式状语，位于it isthat之间；在that后面的其余成分中，含有一个复合句，主句we honor带有宾语从句what we say。【词语点拨】1) honor n.荣誉；荣幸；尊敬 vt.尊敬；使荣幸；兑现 I consider it a

41、 great honor to be invited to dinner. 我认为能被邀请参加晚宴是很大的荣幸。 Would you honor me by dining with me tonight? 今晚你能赏光与我共进晚餐吗？ 2) stamp with v.把印在上;给做标记You can stamp your life with hard work. 你可以用勤奋注释你的人生。【语法点拨】强调句型的结构是“It is (was) +强调部分+that (who) +句子的其余部分”，其中it无意义，只起引出被强调部分的作用。被强调的部分指人时，除可用that外，还可换用who（强调

42、宾语指人时也可用whom）。使用强调句型时，应注意以下事项：去掉强调结构It is (was) that (who)后，剩下的词仍能组成一个完整的句子。这是判断是不是强调句型的关键。 如果强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，不可用when, where, why或how，而仍用that。 强调句型的否定句是Is (Was) itthat (who)？疑问句形式是疑问词+is (Was) itthat (who)？强调句型的时态和谓语动词时态问题要格外注意。强调主语时，that或who后面的谓语动词的形式仍然取决于原句中的主语；be的变化只有is和was两种形式，如果要表示现在时将来时的其它各种形

43、式时，就用It is, 表达过去时的各种形式时，用It was.一般要与谓语动词的时态一致。如：It is I who/ that am an English teacher. 我才是英语老师。It is the boy who/ that speaks English best in the class. 班里英语讲得最好的就是这个男孩。It was on Sunday that he gave George this ticket. 就是在周日那天他给了乔治这张票。It is the little girl who/ that has broken the glass. 就是这个小女孩把玻

44、璃打碎的。 18.Yang Ming hates being called an alcoholic, but it is the fact that people have classified his music as “noise” that upset him most. 【句式翻译】杨明讨厌被人叫做酒鬼，但是让他感到最为伤心的还是人们将他的音乐归类为噪音这个事实。 【句式分析】该句主干部分是一个由but连接的并列句，第一分句是简单句，谓语动词hate后接动名词的被动语态作宾语；第二分句是复合句，主句的主语the fact后有一个同位语从句that people have。【词语点拨】

45、1) alcoholic adj.含酒精的；酗酒的 n.酗酒者 Alcoholic drink can have a bad effect on your body. 含酒精的饮料会对你身体有很坏的影响。2) classifyas v.将. .归类Would you classify her novels as serious literature or other? 你认为她的小说属于文学类还是其它类?【语法点拨】强调句型可以对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。19.They come to see the grand sights of the Great Wall and the For

46、bidden City but often it is the hutongs that leave the strongest impression, as they offer the travellers a rare view into Chinas past. 【句式翻译】他们特意来看长城和故宫的壮丽景色，但常常是那些胡同给他们留下最深的印象，因为透过难得一见的胡同，游客能看到中国的过去。 【句式分析】全句的主干是由but连接的并列句，第二分句是一个复合句，句中既有强调主句主语的强调句型，又有as引导的原因状语从句。【词语点拨】1) sight n.视力；看见；视线；景物 It di

47、dnt take long before I lost sight of the plane. 没多久,飞机就在我的视线中消失了。2) impression n.印象；感觉Her gentleness has given me a deep impression. 她的亲切给我留下了很深印象。【语法点拨】对句子的主语强调时，要注意强调句型中的主谓一致问题。20.It was then that I realized that I had not really come to help, but to learn about and experience another culture that helped improve my own understanding of life and the world. 【句式翻译】就在那是我认识到实际上我不是来帮助他人，而是了解和体验另一种文化，这有助于提高我对生活和世界的理解。 【句式分析】该句是个含有强调句型的复合句，被强调的是时间状语then。主句的谓语realized后面有that引导的宾语从句，其中含有两个并列不定式not c