高一下英语期末2023金陵中学高一下期末考试（解析卷）.pdf

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1、第 1页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司金陵中学金陵中学 2022-2023 学年第二学期期末考试学年第二学期期末考试高一英语高一英语第二部分阅读理解第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分共两节，满分 50 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题：每小题小题：每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分分)AFamily-Friendly Events in JanuaryZooLights:Glow Wild Jan.1-19The Phoenix Zoos yearly holiday light show is on until Jan.19,allowing families one o

2、r more opportunitiesto enjoy the citys zoo,with millions of lights giving an added dimension to the festivities.Glow Wild,455 N.Galvin Pkwy.,Phoenix,https/:www.phoenixzoo.org,$13.95 for general admission$11.95 for members.Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts Jan.4-18The Downtown Mesa Festival of theAr

3、ts features the work of established and emerging artists,includingthose who create woodwork,metal crafts,food items,art and photography gifts.On Macdonald,off of Main Street in Downtown Mesa.https/:,free admission.Family Fun Winterfest Jan.4OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hosting the third annual F

4、amily Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard,featuring real snow for the kids to play in.This free event features everything from bounce houses to rides,games,snowflake crafts and face painting to go with various stands set up by local sellers,with food and other offeringsfor sale at the event.9500

5、E.Via de Ventura,Scottsdalehttps/:,free.Youth Fine Arts Course Jan.18-Mar.7Mesa Arts Center is hosting an eight-week youth arts course on Saturdays to teach artistic skills andknowledge through fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety of art materials,including painting,drawing,mixed media

6、and sculpture,ensuring mentally stimulating sessions for all.Mesa Art Center,I E.Main St.,Mesa,https/:,$93 for admission.1.How can you get a discount when buying a ticket to the ZooLights show?第 2页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.By bringing a friend.B.By becoming a member.C.By booking a ticket online.D.By Join

7、ing a tour group2.What can you do at Family Fun Winterfest?A.Have free food.B.Enjoy real snow.C.Take art classes.D.Meet local artists3.Which event lasts the longest?A.ZooLights:Glow Wild.B.Downtown Mesa Festival of the Arts.C.Family Fun Winterfest.D.Youth Fine Arts Courses.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应

8、用文。文章主要介绍了四个在一月份举办的家庭友好活动。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据 ZooLights:Glow Wild Jan.1-19 部分中“https/:www.phoenixzoo.org,$13.95 for generaladmission$11.95 for members.(https/:www.phoenixzoo.org，普通门票 13.95 美元，会员 11.95 美元)”可知，在购买 ZooLights 演出的门票时成为会员可以获得折扣。故选 B。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Family Fun Winterfest Jan.4 部分中“OdySea Aquar

9、ium in the Desert is hosting the thirdannual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Courtyard,featuring real snow for the kids to play in.(位于沙漠中的奥德海水族馆正在其沙漠庭院举办第三届年度家庭趣味冬季活动，以真正的雪为特色，供孩子们玩耍)”可知，在 Family Fun Winterfest 可以欣赏真正的雪。故选 B。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章内容可知 ZooLights:Glow Wild 从一月一日到十九日；Downtown Mesa Festi

10、val of theArts 从一月四日到十八日；Family Fun Winterfest 在一月四日；Youth Fine Arts Course 从一月十八日到三月七日。可知，Youth Fine Arts Courses 持续时间最长。故选 D。BWhen I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents,most of them proudly replied,“Well,I speakperfect English/Chinese/etc.”But this kind of misses the point.More ofte

11、n than not,what we mean when we say someone“has an accent”is that their accent is different fromthe local one,or that pronunciations are different from our own.But this definition of accents is limiting and couldgive rise to prejudice.Funnily enough,in terms of the language study,every person speaks

12、 with an accent.It is the第 3页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司regular differences in how we produce sounds that define our accents.Even if you dont hear it yourself,you speakwith some sort of accent.In this sense,its pointless to point out that someone“has an accent”.We all do!Every person speaks a dialect(方言),to

13、o.In the field of language study,a dialect is a version of a languagethat is characterized by its variations of structure,phrases and words.For instance,”You got eat or not?“(meaning“Have you eaten?”)is an acceptable and understood question in Singapore Oral English.The fact that thisexpression woul

14、d cause a standard American English speaker to take pause doesnt mean that Singapore OralEnglish is“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative,according tonative Singapore English speakerssolid system of grammar.Why should it be wrong just because its different?We

15、need to move beyond a narrow conception of accents and dialects for the benefit of everyone.Language differences like these provide insights into peoples cultural experiences and backgrounds.In aglobal age,the way one speaks is a distinct part of ones identity.Most people would be happy to talk abou

16、t thecultures behind their speech.Wed learn more about the world we live in and make friends along the way.4.What does the author think of his/her friendsresponse in paragraph 1?A.It reflects their self confidence.B.It reflects their language levels.C.It misses the point of communication.D.It misses

17、 the real meaning of accents.5.Why does the author use the example of Singapore Oral English?A.To justify the use of dialects.B.To show the diversity of dialects.C.To correct a grammatical mistake.D.To highlight a traditional approach.6.What does the author recommend us to do in the last paragraph?A

18、.Learn to speak with your local dialect.B.Seek for an official definition of accents.C.Appreciate the value of accents and dialects.D.Distinguish our local languages from others.7.What can be a suitable title for this passage?A.Everyone Has anAccentB.Accents Enhance Our IdentitiesC.Dialects Lead to

19、Misunderstanding第 4页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司D.Standard English Is at Risk【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一自然段“When I mentioned to some friends that we all have accents,most of them proudlyreplied,“Well,I speak pe

20、rfect English/Chinese/etc.”But this kind of misses the point.(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，他们中的大多数人都自豪地回答说：“好吧，我的英语/汉语等都说得很好。”但这种说法没有切中要害。)”可知，作者认为他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含义。故选 D。【5 题详解】推理判断题。根据第三自然段“The sentence is well-formed and clearly communicative,according to nativeSingapore English speakerssolid system of grammar

21、.Why should it be wrong just because its different?(根据新加坡英语使用者坚实的语法体系，这个句子结构良好，沟通清晰。为什么仅仅因为它不同就应该是错误的？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是在为使用方言进行辩护。故选 A。【6 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Language differences like these provide insights into peoples cultural experiencesand backgrounds.In a global age,the way o

22、ne speaks is a distinct part of ones identity.Most people would behappy to talk about the cultures behind their speech.Wed learn more about the world we live in and make friendsalong the way.(像这样的语言差异可以洞察人们的文化经历和背景。在一个全球化的时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的一个独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们演讲背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。)”可知，作

23、者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值。故选 C。【7 题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二自然段“In this sense,its pointless to point out that someone“has an accent“.We all do!(从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。我们都有！)”以及第三段“Every person speaks adialect(方言),too.(每个人也会说一种方言。)”可知，作者认为每个人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指出不同的口音可以让我们更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在这一过程中结交朋友。故 A 项“Everyone Has anAc

24、cent(每个人都有口音)”最能概括本文主旨。故选 A。CDo you ever hear a friend speak on a topic with the belief that“everyone”thinks the same way?Do you often第 5页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司find yourself surrounded in a social media feed that is completely tailored to you and your beliefs,reading alongwithout the immediate realizat

25、ion?Asocial media echo chamber(回声壁)is when one experiences a tailored media experience that leave outopposing viewpoints and differing voices.Social media sites like Facebook,Twitter,and YouTube connect groupsof like-minded users together based on shared content preferences.As a result,people see an

26、d take in informationaccording to our preexisting beliefs and opinions.Social media companies therefore rely on algorithms(算法)toassess our interests and flood us with information that will keep our attention.The algorithms focus on what we“like”,and“share”to keep feeding content that makes us comfor

27、table.In order to truly get access to all information and to evaluate our media,we must give ourselves theopportunity to step out of our comfort zone.While this becomes increasingly challenging,there are things we cando.The first step is to beef up your media consumption sources.Adding in a few medi

28、a sources with differingopinions will allow you to at least understand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber.Next,readeach thing you see with a critical eye.Make sure that each thing you accept as truth is truly fact.Lastly,attempt tosearch out reliable new sources that are known for t

29、rying their best to leave out false information.By accepting thatour media buffet on social media is a product of our present beliefs and opinions,we can work to make sure we arenot simply stuck in a social media echo chamber.8.What is a result of the social media echo chamber?A.People contact like-

30、minded online users effectively.B.People keep reading for more differing viewpoints.C.People rely on algorithms to evaluate their interests.D.People only get information confirming their beliefs.9.What does“beef up”underlined in paragraph 3 mean?A.Track.B.Improve.C.Provide.D.Identify.10.Which of the

31、 following can help us get out of the echo chamber?A.Criticizing fake news on social media.B.Exposing ourselves to opposing voices.C.Researching primary sources of information.D.Accepting our present beliefs and opinions.11.What is the purpose of the text?A.To call on people to use algorithms freque

32、ntly.第 6页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司B.To ask people not to take in information blindly.C.To promote the use of various social media sites.D.To inform people of new technology developments.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体回音室是指一个人体验量身定制的媒体体验，将对立的观点和不同的声音排除在外。本文主要分析了社交媒体回音室产生的原因，并就如何确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体的回音室

33、里提出建议。【8 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二自然段“As a result,people see and take in information according to our preexistingbeliefs and opinions.(因此，人们根据我们先前存在的信仰和观点来看待和接受信息。)”可知，社交媒体回音室的结果是人们只能得到证实他们信仰的信息。故选 D。【9 题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三自然段划线词后的句子“Adding in a few media sources with differing opinions willallow you to at least und

34、erstand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber.(加入一些有不同意见的媒体来源，至少可以让你了解人们在你的回音室外说什么。)”可推知，人们需要加强媒体消费来源，从而真正获得所有信息并评估我们的媒体。故 beef up 意为“加强；改进”。A.Track.追踪；B.Improve.改进；C.Provide.提供；D.Identify.识别。故选 B。【10 题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Adding in a few media sources with differing opinions will allow you

35、 to at leastunderstand what people are saying outside of your echo chamber.Next,read each thing you see with a critical eye.(加入一些有不同意见的媒体来源，至少可以让你了解人们在你的回音室外说什么。接下来，用批判的眼光阅读你所看到的每一件事。)”可知，让自己暴露在反对的声音中可以帮助我们走出回音室。故选 B。【11 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“In order to truly get access to all information and to eval

36、uate our media,wemust give ourselves the opportunity to step out of our comfort zone.(为了真正获得所有信息并评估我们的媒体，我们必须给自己一个走出舒适区的机会。)”和最后一句“By accepting that our media buffet on social mediais a product of our present beliefs and opinions,we can work to make sure we are not simply stuck in a socialmedia echo

37、 chamber.(通过接受我们在社交媒体上的媒体自助餐是我们当前信仰和观点的产物，我们可以努力确保我们不会简单地被困在社交媒体的回音室里。)”可知，作者希望通过本文要求人们不要盲目接受信息。故选 B。第 7页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司DPeople with genetic syndromes(综合症)sometimes have telltale(泄露私密的)facial features,but using themto make a quick and cheap diagnosis can be tricky given there are hundreds of pos

38、sible conditions they may have.Anew neural network that analyzes photographs of faces can help doctors narrow down the possibilities.Yaron Gurovich at biotechnology firm FDNA in Boston and his team built a neural network to look at thegestalt or overall impression of faces and return a list of the 1

39、0 genetic syndromes a person is most likely tohave.They trained the neural network,called DeepGestalt,on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than200 genetic syndromes.The team then asked the AI to identify potential genetic disorders from a further 502 photosof people with such conditions

40、.It included the correct answer 91 per cent of the time.Gurovich and his team also tested the neural networks ability to distinguish between the different geneticmutations(变异)that can lead to the same syndrome.They used photographs of people with Noonan syndrome,which can result from mutations in an

41、y one of five genes.DeepGestalt correctly identified the genetic source of thephysical appearance 64 per cent of the time.Its clearly not perfect,but its still much better than humans are attrying to do this.As the system makes its assessments,the facial regions that were most helpful in the determi

42、nation arehighlighted and made available for doctors to view.This helps them to understand the relationships between geneticmake-up and physical appearance.The fact that the diagnosis is based on a simple photograph raises questions about privacy.If faces can revealdetails about genetics,then employ

43、ers and insurance providers could,in principle.secretly use such techniques todiscriminate against people who have a high probability of having certain disorders.However,Gurovich says thetool will only be available for use by clinicians(临床医生).Clinically this technology can help narrow down thesearch

44、 space of diagnosis and then confirm through checking genetic markers.Besides,it could perhaps add meansof finding other people with the disease and,in turn,help find new treatments or cures.12.What can we know about DeepGestalt?A.It can be trained to correctly label the images of people.B.It can co

45、rrectly identify genetic mutations 91%of the time.C.It is built to look at faces and identify genetic disorders.D.It is much better than humans at trying to identify physical appearance.13.Why are certain facial regions highlighted in the assessment process?A.To help confirm the diagnosis.B.To help

46、make the system more understandable.第 8页/共 22页学科网（北京）股份有限公司C.To help the system quickly recognize people.D.To help identify a condition and make a diagnosis.14.Whats the best title of this text?A.Tricky facial featuresB.Faces let AI spot genetic disordersC.Facial features give you away to doctorsD.D

47、eepGestalt:a magic cure for genetic syndromes15.Whats the authors attitude towards the technology?A.Positive.B.Neutral.C.Indifferent.D.Critical.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帮助医生确认诊断遗传性疾病的人脸识别技术 DeepGestalt。【12 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Anew neural network that analyzes photographs of faces can he

48、lp doctors narrowdown the possibilities.(一种新的分析人脸照片的神经网络可以帮助医生缩小可能性。)”及第三段“Theytrained the neural network,called DeepGestalt,on 17,000 images correctly labelled to match more than 200 geneticsyndromes.(他们对名为 DeepGestalt 的神经网络进行了测试，测试了 17000 张正确标记的图像，以匹配 200多种遗传综合征。)”可知，DeepGestalt 是用来分析人脸照片并识别遗传疾病的。

49、故选 C。【13 题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“As the system makes its assessments,the facial regions that were most helpful in thedetermination are highlighted and made available for doctors to view.This helps them to understand therelationships between genetic make-up and physical appearance.(当系统进行评估时，对诊断最有帮助的面部区域会被突出显

50、示，供医生查看。这有助于他们理解基因组成和外表之间的关系。)”可知，在评估的过程中突出显示特定的面部区域有助于确定病情做出诊断。故选 D。【14 题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Anew neural network that analyzes photographs of faces can helpdoctors narrow down the possibilities.(一种新的分析人脸照片的神经网络可以帮助医生缩小可能性。)”和下文介绍 DeepGestalt 这项人脸识别遗传性疾病的技术帮助医生确认诊断疾病，由此可推知，本文主要介绍帮助医生确认诊断遗传性疾病的 Deep