初中英语宾语从句省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

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1、TheObjectClause宾语从句宾语从句第1页宾语从句宾语从句(Theobjectclause)定义：定义：复合句中，复合句中，放在动词或放在动词或介词后充当宾语句子介词后充当宾语句子叫宾语叫宾语从句。从句。第2页1.Could you please tell me if David Smith comes?2.Could you please tell me whether Jane comes or not?3.Could you please tell me who will bring food?4.Could you please tell me what we need to

2、 buy?5.Could you please tell me when the party starts?6.Could you please tell me where the party is?7.Could you please tell me how we can get there?8.Could you please tell me which bus we should take?第3页宾语从句学习关键宾语从句学习关键点：点：一、语序一、语序二、引导词二、引导词三三、时态、时态四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句区分引导宾语从句和状语从句区分五、宾语从句反意疑问句五、宾

3、语从句反意疑问句六、否定转移六、否定转移三三要要素素第4页My favorite sport isI amI speak/have/likeI can playAreyou?Canyouplay?Doyoudo?Whereareyou?Whatcanyoudo?Howdoyoudo?陈陈述述句句普通普通疑问疑问句句特殊特殊疑问疑问句句结构比较结构比较_+_+_主语主语谓语谓语.?_+_+_特殊特殊疑问词疑问词普通普通疑问句疑问句be情态动词情态动词助动词助动词_/_/_+_+_主语主语谓语谓语?第5页陈陈述述句句普通普通疑问疑问句句特殊特殊疑问疑问句句_+_+_结构比较结构比较be情态动词情态

4、动词助动词助动词主语主语谓语谓语_+_+_.主语主语?_+_+_特殊特殊疑问词疑问词普通普通疑问句疑问句?_+_+_主语主语?_+_+_主语主语结论结论:陈说句和疑问句最本陈说句和疑问句最本质区分是陈说句中质区分是陈说句中be动词动词,情态动词情态动词,助动词在主语后助动词在主语后,而在而在疑问句中疑问句中,它们则在主它们则在主语前语前.第6页句子两种语序句子两种语序:1.陈说句结构叫陈说句结构叫陈说语序陈说语序宾语从句必须用陈说句语序宾语从句必须用陈说句语序2疑问句结构叫疑问句结构叫疑问语序疑问语序第7页将以下句子改成陈说句语序：将以下句子改成陈说句语序：1.Is there a bank

5、near here?2.Is it on Fifth Avenue?3.Are they doing homework?There is a bank near here It is on Fifth Avenue They are doing homework第8页4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?sheworksinahospitalyouwenttoCenterParkwehavetowearauniformwecanwearhatsinschool7.Can we wear

6、hats in school?第9页8.Wheres your pen pal from?9.Where does he live?10.What language does she speak?11.Why do you like pandas?WhereyourpenpalisfromWherehelivesWhatlanguageshespeaksWhyyoulikepandas?第10页一、宾语从句语序一、宾语从句语序陈说句语序陈说句语序即：即：连词主语谓语动词连词主语谓语动词陈说句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈陈说句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈说语序。如：说语序。如：He is

7、 an honest boy.The teacher said.The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.第11页普通疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语普通疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈说语序。如：序变为陈说语序。如：Does he work hard？I wonder.I wonder if he works hard.或或I wonder whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know.I dont know when he left.Whats the matter?(怎么了怎

8、么了?)等等,在作宾语在作宾语从句时从句时,语序不变语序不变.如如:Could you tell me whats the matter?能够告诉我怎么了吗能够告诉我怎么了吗?第12页3.以下宾语丛句语序是否正确。以下宾语丛句语序是否正确。1.I think that he will come to China next year.2.I want to know if he was at home yesterday.3.Can you tell me where does your mother work?4.Do you know who can answer the question?

9、5.Please tell us where is the hospital?your mother works the hospital isTTTFF第13页宾语从句依据引导词不一样可分为三种类型：宾语从句依据引导词不一样可分为三种类型：引导词引导词（看从句）（看从句）从句是陈说句从句是陈说句(口语中常省略）口语中常省略）从句是普通疑问句从句是普通疑问句从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句We know(that)we should learn from each other.Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.Could yo

10、u please tell me where the restrooms are?thatif/whether（是否）（是否）wh-/how(即特殊疑问词即特殊疑问词)二二.宾语从句引导词宾语从句引导词第14页1.由由that引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有只有语法作用，没有实在意义，在口语和非正式文体中能够省略。比如：实在意义，在口语和非正式文体中能够省略。比如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesntknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.第15页练一练练

11、一练1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.用以下开头与以下句子连成宾语从句用以下开头与以下句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow2.Shesays3.Tellyourfriend（that）第16页2.由由if或或whether引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。If和和whether在句中意思是在句中意思是“是否是否”。比如：。比如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(

12、if)Icouldhelphim.第17页练一练练一练1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Willtheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?用以下开头与以下句子连成宾语从句用以下开头与以下句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Theteacherasksif/whether第18页3.由连接代词由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词和连接副词when,where,why,how引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。这些连接代词和连

13、接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成份。比如：份。比如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idontknowwhythetrainislate.第19页练一练练一练1.What is this?2.What are you doing?3.Where do you live?4.When does he get up?5.How did you go to work?6.Who will

14、 you play with?用以下开头与以下句子连成宾语句用以下开头与以下句子连成宾语句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Canyoutellme4.Themanasked第20页引导词是从句一个成份，所以用哪个引导引导词是从句一个成份，所以用哪个引导 词，看从句成份是否完整，词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整不完整，一定是，一定是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句。完整完整，判断，判断主句主句语气，语气，是是疑问疑问语气，用语气，用 if/whether;是是必定语气必定语气，用，用that.第21页If/whether（是否）区分（是否）区分普通情况下，普通情况下，if和和whethe

15、r能够交换，但以能够交换，但以下下4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasntbeendecided.在介词后：在介词后：Itdependson(依靠依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.与与ornot连用：连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.做主语从句：做主语从句：Whetherheisrightisntimportant.主语主语第22页从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句,当主句主语或宾语与当主句主语或宾语与从句主语是一致从句主语是一致,可简化成可简化成

16、:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+todo.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice？Canyoutellmehowtogettothenearestpostoffice？第23页1.填写适当引导词填写适当引导词 1 Can you tell me_you were born,Betty?A.who B.what C.when D.that 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where 3 I hardly understand._ he has told me.A

17、.that B.what C.which D.who 4 She didnt know_ back soon.A.whether he would be B.if would he be C.he will be CABB第24页 5.I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A.whether B where C.what D.when 6.Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A.what B when C why D how7.He asked me _told

18、me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose8.He asked his friend _ to go there or not.A.if B whether C.what D.that CAAB第25页2：用：用that,if/whether,how,where,what,.等连接等连接词填空词填空.1.I hear_ they will visit our school next week.2.Do you know_ the girl is?3.Could you tell me _I can get to the park?4.We thou

19、ght _you had never been there before.5.Please tell me_ you live.thatwhohowthatwhere第26页6.Mother asked me _ I had finished my homework.7.Do you know_ she is angry?8.The teacher asked_ your name was.9.Tom is ten.I want to know _ you are.10.He asked you_ you were a student or not.whywhathow oldwhetheri

20、f/whether第27页三、宾语从句时态三、宾语从句时态 （看主句看主句）假如主句是现在时态，从句时态可依据实际情假如主句是现在时态，从句时态可依据实际情况而定。况而定。如：如：1）I have heard（that）he _(come)back next week.2）We wonder when he _(start)learning English.willcomestarted第28页5)He told me that he _(be)to Shanghai.6)Could you tell me how he _(go)to school every day?hadbeengoes

21、注意：注意：假如宾语从句表述是客观真理、自然现象假如宾语从句表述是客观真理、自然现象等时，不论主句是什么时态，等时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都要用普通现从句都要用普通现在时在时。如：如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.第29页时态练习时态练习1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A.has never g

22、one B.had never gone C.has never been D.had never been3 Could you tell me whether they_ dictation today.A.had B.has.C.will have D.areADCCouldyoutellme+宾语从句？表示是委婉宾语从句？表示是委婉语气，是普通现在时。语气，是普通现在时。第30页4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A.could she B.she could C.she can D.she may5 Linda said the moon_ r

23、ound the earth.A.traveled B.has traveled C.travels D.had traveledBC第31页四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句区分引导宾语从句和状语从句区分1.宾语从句宾语从句:ifwhen2.状语从句状语从句:条件状语从句条件状语从句if时间状语从句时间状语从句when是否是否什么时候什么时候(即特殊疑问词即特殊疑问词)假如假如从句时态依据句意而定从句时态依据句意而定当当时时时态时态:1)主句普通未来时主句普通未来时/普通现在时普通现在时/祈使句祈使句/含情态动词含情态动词,从句普通现在时从句普通现在时.2)主句普通过去时主句普通过

24、去时,从句普通过去时从句普通过去时.主要从汉语意思去区分，重点是时态利用。主要从汉语意思去区分，重点是时态利用。第32页5.If/when区分练习区分练习:1.Ifit_(rain)tomorrow，Iwontcome.2.Hedidnttellmeifit_(rain)tomorrow.3.Idontknowifhe_(come)tomorrow.Ifhe_(come),Illtellyou.4.Whenit_(stop)raining,wellgoswimming.5.Couldyoutellmewhenthefilm_(start)?Illleaveforamoment.wouldrai

25、nrainswillcomecomesstopswillstart假如假如是否是否是否是否假如假如当当.时候时候什么时候什么时候第33页综合练习综合练习(各地中考题各地中考题)1.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A.that B.how C.what D.if 2.I dont know _ Mr.Green will come to see us.-He will help us with our English.A.why B.when

26、C.how D.where 3.-We never know _ the old man is.-They say he is a teacher.A.what B.who C.which D.where AD谁动了我了奶酪谁动了我了奶酪A第34页4.I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.A.that how B.how that C.when that D.that when 5.-Do you know _?Im going to see him.-Sorry,I dont know.A.w

27、here does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li live C.where Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li lived 6-W here do you think _ he _ the computer?-Sorry,I have no idea1.A.;bought B.has;bought 2.C.did;buy D.does;buy DCA第35页 17.I dont feel very well.Mum asked me _ this morning.A.what the matter is B.what is wrong C.what

28、the matter was D.what was the matter 8.-Where is Jack?-He is away to spend his holiday.Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan,but Im not sure _.A.that B.which C.where D.there DC第36页其它问题其它问题否定转移否定转移：当主句谓语动词是当主句谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等词时等词时,其后面宾语从句否定应转移其后面宾语从句否定应转移到主句上。到主句上。如：如：Idontthinkhei

29、sright.我认为他不对。我认为他不对。第37页 附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：1.普通依据主句谓语动词判断：普通依据主句谓语动词判断：如：如：She didnt say that he would come here,_?2.当主句主语为当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为（我），主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则依据从句判断，但肯、否等，则依据从句判断，但肯、否定形式依据主句判断：定形式依据主句判断：I dont think he is serious,_?I believe he can finish it on time,_?ishecant

30、hedidshe第38页标点符号确实定标点符号确实定：带有宾语从句主从复合句标点符号带有宾语从句主从复合句标点符号取决于主句取决于主句。主句是主句是陈说句陈说句:。HeaskedmewhereIwentjustnow.问句：问句：？Doyouknowwhenhellbeback?第39页一、引导词一、引导词 if/whether区分区分 特殊疑问句简化：疑问词特殊疑问句简化：疑问词+to do二、语序二、语序 what is the matter?（怎么了？）语序不变（怎么了？）语序不变三三、时态、时态如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象,仍用普通现在仍用普通现在时时C

31、ould you tell me?宾语从句六注意：宾语从句六注意：第40页四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句区分引导宾语从句和状语从句区分五、反意疑问句五、反意疑问句 普通看主句普通看主句I+think,believe,suppose,guess等看从句等看从句六、否定转移六、否定转移在在think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词所跟宾语等动词所跟宾语中，假如从句谓语是否定，普通要将否定词中，假如从句谓语是否定，普通要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为必定形转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为必定形式。如：式。如：I dont think he

32、has time to play with girl.我认为他没时间和女孩玩。我认为他没时间和女孩玩。第41页练习：练习：将以下各句合并成宾语从句。将以下各句合并成宾语从句。1.What is his name?I dont know _2.When did you begin to study English?I didnt know _3.It is important to learn English.The teacher said _4.Does he live in that street?Could you tell me_what his name is.when you be

33、gan to study English.it was important to learn English.if he lives in that street.第42页 Translate the following sentences.1.我认为不会下雨我认为不会下雨 I _ that it _.2.我认为你答案不对我认为你答案不对.I _your answer right.我们相信他还没走？我们相信他还没走？We _ that he _.宾语从句否定转移：宾语从句否定转移：假如主句谓语动词是假如主句谓语动词是 think,believe,guess,suppose 等，而等，而且主句主

34、语又是第一人称时，它后面接宾语从句否定词通且主句主语又是第一人称时，它后面接宾语从句否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主语中动词常要前移到主句中，即否定主语中动词 dont think will raindont thinkisdont believe has gone第43页6.我不知道飞机为何晚点了我不知道飞机为何晚点了.I did nt know_the plane_ _.7.他问我会议什么时候开始他问我会议什么时候开始.He asked me _the meeting _ _.8.没人知道他是什么时候出生没人知道他是什么时候出生.No one knows _he _ _.whywas latewhenwould beginwhenwas born第44页9.老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大The teacher told his students the sun _ _ than the moon.10.我不能必定他来还是不来我不能必定他来还是不来.Im not sure _ he _ _ or not.is biggerwhetherwill come第45页ThanksThanks第46页