非谓语动词和从句的转换省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

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1、非非谓谓语语动动词词与与从从句句间间转转换换非非谓谓语语动动词词与与从从句句间间转转换换第1页 在英语中，动词按其在句子中作用，可分为：在英语中，动词按其在句子中作用，可分为：谓语动词和非谓语动词。谓语动词和非谓语动词。谓语动词谓语动词就是能够单独直接在句子中做谓语动词。就是能够单独直接在句子中做谓语动词。非谓语动词非谓语动词就是不能单独在句子中做谓语动词。就是不能单独在句子中做谓语动词。一、什么叫做非谓语动词一、什么叫做非谓语动词第2页二、非谓语动词表现二、非谓语动词表现形式形式有：有：不定式不定式 （to do）现在分词现在分词（doing）过去分词过去分词（done）动名词动名词 （do

2、ing）第3页三、三、非谓语使用条件非谓语使用条件一个句子当中，一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）（谓语动词）,又没有连词又没有连词情况下情况下She got off the bus,but left her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus,leaving her handbag on her seat.第4页主主语语表表语语宾宾语语补补语语定定语语状状语语不定式不定式现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词动名词动名词组成组成介词介词短语短语四、非谓语动词充当成份四、非谓语动词充当成份+第5页分词作分词作状语状语(分词做状语能够

3、转换成其相对应状语从句分词做状语能够转换成其相对应状语从句来表时间、条件、原因来表时间、条件、原因)Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.If the trees had been given more attention,the trees couldNot knowing his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.As she didnt know his telephone number,she had some 第

4、6页While waiting at the dentists,I read the whole of a short story.(=While I was waiting )Before being in the army,he was an engineer.(=Before he was in the army,)_(finish)my work,I went to bed.(=After I had finished my work,)Working hard,you will succeed.(=If you work hard,)Having finished第7页Being s

5、o poor in those days,we couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital.(=As we were so poor)Weighing almost one hundred jin,the stone was moved by him.(=Though the stone weighed almost one hundred jin,)第8页1.时间状语：可改为时间状语从句，也可在分词前加上时间状语：可改为时间状语从句，也可在分词前加上连词连词“when,while,until”等，使其时间意义更明等，使其时间意义更明确。确。(多置于句

6、首，也可置于句末多置于句首，也可置于句末)2.原因状语：可改为原因状语从句或并列结构。原因状语：可改为原因状语从句或并列结构。(多置于多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中句首或句末，也可置于句中)3.条件状语：可加连词条件状语：可加连词if,unless 等；也可换成条件状等；也可换成条件状语从句。语从句。(多置于句首多置于句首)4.让步状语：有时可加让步状语：有时可加 although,though,even if,even though,whetheror 等连词，可转等连词，可转换成让步状语从句。换成让步状语从句。(多置于句首多置于句首)5.结果状语：可改为结果状语从句。（结果状语：可改为结果

7、状语从句。（多置于句末多置于句末）6.方式、伴随状语：可改成并列结构或从句。方式、伴随状语：可改成并列结构或从句。(多置于句多置于句末末)A.现在分词与过去分词作状语现在分词与过去分词作状语第9页When they heard the news,they all jumped with joy.HearingWhen the baby saw its mother,it smiled.Seeing As they hoped to get our support,they sent us their statement.Hoping The snow lasted a week,so it r

8、esulted in a serious traffic confusion in the whole area.resultingWhen hearingWhile he worked in the factory,he was an advanced worker.WorkingWhile workingWhen seeing 第10页When it is seen from the hill,the park looks very beautiful.Dont speak until you are spoken to.Because he was greatly touched by

9、his teachers words,the boy did a lot of things to help his classmates.If we were given more time,we could do it much better.He was warned of the danger,but he still went skating on the ice.SeenGreatly touchedGiven spokenWarned he If given When seen第11页不过不过,有些分词作状语是独立结构有些分词作状语是独立结构,不与句子主语不与句子主语产生联络产生

10、联络;常见有常见有:judging from,generally speaking,compared to/with,considering,providing(ed),supposing etc.Generallyspeaking,womenlivelongerthanmen.Judgingfromwhatyousay,heoughttosucceed.Consideringthedistance,hearrivedveryquickly.Takingeverythingintoconsideration,youshouldleave.普通说来，女人比男人活得长。普通说来，女人比男人活得长。

11、从你话看，他应该能成功。从你话看，他应该能成功。考虑旅程，他抵达得很快。考虑旅程，他抵达得很快。考虑到各种原因，你最好离开。考虑到各种原因，你最好离开。第12页B.不定式作状语不定式作状语不定式作状语常用来表目、结果或原因、程度、条件等。She looked into the window,and wanted to see what was going on inside.She looked into the window to see what was going on inside.第13页注：表目标不定式还常与注：表目标不定式还常与so as或或in order连用，连用，组成组成s

12、o as(not)to do和和in order(not)to do 结构，其中结构，其中so as(not)to do 不能用于句首。不能用于句首。To get there in time,we got up very early.=In order to get there in time,we got up very early.=We got up very early(in order/so as)to get there in time.Tom kept quiet about the accident so that he would not lose his job.=so a

13、s not to lose his job.第14页非谓语动词和从句转换非谓语动词和从句转换第15页I.v-ing 形式与从句之间转换形式与从句之间转换1.v-ing形式作主语可换成形式作主语可换成that引导主语从句引导主语从句 Toms knowing English helps him in learning French.That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.Her being out of work was unexpected.That she was out of work was unexpected.第16页

14、2.v-ing形式作宾语或宾补可换成形式作宾语或宾补可换成that引导宾语从句引导宾语从句 I remember having paid him for his work.I remember that I have paid him for his work.He suggests our making better use of the school library.He suggests that we(should)make better use of the school library.第17页3.v-ing形式作表语可换成that引导表语从句Our worry is your d

15、epending too much on him.Our worry is that you depend too much on him.The question is many peoples being trapped in the fire.The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.第18页4.v-ing形式作定语可换成that,who,which引导定语从句 We will study in the house facing south.We will study in the house that/which

16、faces south.The man talking to my teacher is my father.The man who/that is talking to my teacher is my father.第19页5.v-ing形式作状语可换成对应状语从句On arriving there,I will telephone you.As soon as I arrive there,I will telephone you.While waiting for the bus,I caught sight of her.While I was waiting for the bus

17、,I caught sight of her.我一到那，就给你打电话我等车时候，看到了她。（catch sight of）第20页另外，另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句，形式在句中表伴随或作结果状语，相当于一个并列句，也可和也可和with结构转换。结构转换。He died,leaving his daughter much money.He died,and(he)left his daughter much money.He died,with leaving his daughter much money.他死了，留给他女儿很多钱。他死了，留给他女儿很多钱。第

18、21页II.V-ed形式与从句之间转换 1.v-ed形式作定语可换成定语从句形式作定语可换成定语从句 The question discussed yesterday is very important.The question that/which was discussed yesterday is very important.The boy lost in thought is my brother.The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.第22页2.v-ed形式作宾补可换成宾语从句 I found the room broken in

19、to and a lot of things stolen.I found(that)the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.第23页3.v-ed形式作状语可换成状语从句(If)heated,water will turn into steam.If it is heated,water will turn into steam.Dont speak until spoken to.Dont speak until you are spoken to.第24页III.to do形式与从句转换 1.to

20、do形式作主语可转换成主语从句 When and where(for us)to hold the meeting is unknown yet.When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown yet.第25页2.to do形式作宾语或宾补可换成宾语从句形式作宾语或宾补可换成宾语从句I dont know what to do with the matter.I dont know that I should do with the matter.I warned him not to drive the car after drinkin

21、g.I warned that he should not drive the car after drinking.第26页3.to do形式作表语可换成表语从句 My wish is to become a pilot after graduation.My wish is that I can become a pilot after graduation.第27页4.to do形式作定语可换成定语从句The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.The meeting that/which will be held is

22、of great importance.He was the first to arrive and the last to leave.He was the first that arrived and the last that left.第28页to do形式作目标、结果、原因状语可转换成形式作目标、结果、原因状语可转换成对应状语从句对应状语从句 They started off early（in order/so as)to arrive in time.They started off early in order/so that they could arrive in time.She was so excited as not to go to sleep.She was too excited to go to sleep.She was so excited that she couldnt go to sleep.她太兴奋了，以至于睡不着觉。她太兴奋了，以至于睡不着觉。第29页