英汉对比-静态与动态优秀PPT.ppt

《英汉对比-静态与动态优秀PPT.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英汉对比-静态与动态优秀PPT.ppt（22页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、英汉语言对比静态与动态13英语静OR动？1.Admittance Free 免票入场2.Out of Bounds 游客止步3.No Admittance Except on Business 闲人免进4.Danger of Death High Voltage!高压危险！27/7/2024英语-静态STATIVEbecause the surface of the retina is sphericalbecause of the sphericity of the retinal surfacesomething is near the nucleussomething occupies

2、a juxtanuclear position37/7/20241.静态-NOMINALIZATIONv名名词词化化主主要要指指用用名名词词（短短语语）来来表表达达原原来来属属于于动动词词（短短语语）所所表表达达的的信息，如用抽象名词来表达动作、行为、变化、状态等信息，如用抽象名词来表达动作、行为、变化、状态等。医生迅速到达，并非常仔细地检查了病人，因此病人很快就康复了。The doctor arrived extremely quickly and examined the patient uncommonly carefully;the result was that he recover

3、ed very speedily.The doctors extremely quick arrival and uncommonly careful examination of the patient brought about his very speedy recovery.47/7/20242.静态-TO USE TO USE AGENTIVE N NOUNS S IN PLACE OF VERBSIN PLACE OF VERBSv使用施事名词代替动词 1)他能吃能睡 He is a good eater and a good sleeper 2)他既不抽烟，也不喝酒。He was

4、 a nonsmoker and a teetotaler.3)他失业以后，就很不合群了。Since he lost his job,hes been a loner.57/7/2024 4)The computer is a far more careful and industrious inspector than human beings.计算机比人检查的更细心、更勤快。5)I used to be a bit of a fancier myself.过去我常常胡思乱想。67/7/20243.静态-PREPARATION-PROMINENTPREPARATION-PROMINENTv英

5、语常用介词短语代替动词短语，即“以静代动”1）他们立刻出动去追击敌人。They immediately set out in pursuit of the enemy.2）有人给他撑腰。He has someone behind him.3)他在读书。He is at his books.4)机器正在运行。The machine is in operation5)说完这些话，她便走开了。With these words,she went away.77/7/20243.静态-PREPARATION-PROMINENTPREPARATION-PROMINENT Arouse Meet Decid

6、e Finish Study Consider allow give rise to make contact with arrive at a decision bring to a conclusion undertake a study of take into consideration afford an opportunity to v动词动词/形容词形容词/副词副词87/7/20243.静态-PREPARATION-PROMINENTPREPARATION-PROMINENTcarry out experiments conduct an investigation into o

7、f a kindly nature of an unusual character beyond the shadow of a doubt due to the fact that on two separate occasions in view of the foregoing circumstances Experiment Investigate Kind Unusual Certain Because Twice thereforev动词动词/形容词形容词/副词副词97/7/20244.静态-VERB-WEAKENVERB-WEAKENv动动词词的的弱弱化化：使用动词意味最弱的to

8、 be,包括it be,there be,must be,maybe,should have been 一场热带风暴袭击了佛罗里达东海岸 A tropical storm lashed the east coast of Florida.There was a tropical storm off the east coast of Florida107/7/20244.静态-VERB-WEAKENVERB-WEAKENv动词虚化：把动词转化或派生成名词,置于虚化动词(have,make,take,do)之后做其宾语,如have a look,take a walk,make attempts

9、,pay visits,do some damages,put up a proposal 杰克和老板吵了一架就辞职了 After he quarreled with his boss,Jack quit.After he had a quarrel with his boss,Jack quit.117/7/20245.静态-A ADJ J&ADV.IN PLACE OF IN PLACE OF VERBSVERBSv使用动词的同源形容词与弱化动词相结合的方式表达动词的意义 我怀疑他是否还活着 I am doubtful whether he is still alive(doubt,liv

10、e)医生同情他的病人 The doctor felt sympathetic with his patients(sympathize)127/7/20245.静态-A ADJ J&ADV.IN PLACE OF VERBSIN PLACE OF VERBSv用副词来表达动词的意义用副词来表达动词的意义 恐怕布朗先生出去了，但是他很快会回来的 Im afraid Mr.Brown is out,but hell be in soon 他将在半小时内到家 Hell be home in half an hour 昨天报纸六点钟付印 The newspaper was down at six ye

11、sterday 破旧立新 Down with the old and up with the new.137/7/2024静态STATIVE-英语 1.名词化Nominalization 2.施事名词Agentive nouns in place of verbs.3.介词Preparation-Prominent 4.动词弱化Verbs-weaken 5.形容词与副词Ajectives and adverbs in place of verbs147/7/2024动化静练习 1）走开！2）别管我！3）他吃素，不吃荤 4）她们飞上了蓝天（报纸标题）5）周阿斗寻父记（文章标题）6）你老是看钟等着

12、下课啊！1)Stay away!2)Leave me alone!3)He is a vegetarian4)Women Pilots in China5)A Reunion of Father and Son6)Oh!Youre a clock-watcher!157/7/2024汉语-静OR动？他到了火车站发现火车已经开走了 打得赢就打,打不赢就走,不怕没办法 理论联系实际是我们党的优良传统 鲁迅主张打落水狗 讨论的问题很重要 一定要批判地继承我国的文学艺术遗产 小溪旁那些女人们听得笑起来了连动连动主语宾语定语状语补语167/7/2024DYNAMICDYNAMIC-CHINESE 1.动

13、词连用是汉语常见现象动词连用是汉语常见现象:连动式、兼语式、把字式、被动式 1）He thought his way out of the dilemma.他想办法摆脱了困境（连动式）2）We asked her to sing 我们请他唱歌（兼语式）3）Go to the classroom and call him back 你去教室把他叫回来（把字式）4）I was called to the office by the teacher to make a self-criticism 我被老师叫到办公室去做检讨（被字式）177/7/2024DYNAMICDYNAMIC-CHINESE

14、2.2.动词（词组）可充当汉语句子的各种成分动词（词组）可充当汉语句子的各种成分 Hes come to borrow books 他来借书了（助动词助动词）Sunflowers turn towards the sun 葵花朵朵向太阳（介词）（介词）to wage a battle against nature 向自然开战（介词）（介词）People are coming and going 人们来来往往（介词）（介词）He went in an eastward direction 他往东走去（介词）（介词）187/7/2024DYNAMICDYNAMIC-CHINESE 3 3.汉语动词

15、常常重复或重叠汉语动词常常重复或重叠 1）I waited with growing impatience to get on my way,not for one minute but for quite a considerable time.我等着要上路，越等越不耐烦，哪里是等一会儿，一等就是老半天。197/7/2024DYNAMICDYNAMIC-CHINESE 2）You will have enough to eat and enough to wear.要吃有吃，要穿有穿。3）Some come,and others leave.来的来，去的去。4）Acquistion of k

16、nowledge entails learning and seeking for explanation 学问，学问，要学要问，边学边问，才有学问。207/7/2024DYNAMICDYNAMIC-汉语汉语 1.动词连用是汉语常见现象 2.动词（词组）可充当汉语句子的各种成分 3.汉语动词常常重复或重叠217/7/2024静化动练习1.Party officials worked long hour on meagre food,in old caves,by dim lamps.党的干部吃着吃着粗茶淡饭，住着住着寒冷的窑洞，点着点着昏暗的油灯，长时间地工作。2.What film will be on this evening?今晚放映放映什么影片？3.He walked around the house with a gun.他拿拿着枪，绕着绕着屋子走。4.A study of that letter leaves us in no doubt as to the motives behind it.研究研究一下那封信，就使我们毫不怀疑该信是别有用心的。5.The very first sight of her made him fall in love with her.他对她一见钟情一见钟情。227/7/2024